Factors that Affect the Current Needed to Melt a Wire
Aim: Investigate one factor that affects the current needed to melt a
wire.
Plan: I am going to investigate what factors affect the current needed
to melt a wire. In this investigation, I have decided to change the
thickness of the wires that I use, and then while increasing the
resistance, I will measure the current needed to melt the different
wires. I will start with the variable resistor set to the maximum. I
will slowly decrease resistance to increase current.
Prediction: I predict that the very thick wires will melt at a very
high current, while the thinner wires will melt at a lower current.
This is because the thick wires have a very large surface area, and
therefore will require a higher current to melt. On the other hand,
the thin wires have a smaller surface area so they will need only a
low current to melt. Below is a graph of the results I expect to get.
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List of Apparatus:
· Ammeter
· Variable resistor
· Constantan wire
· Connecting wires
· Power pack
I connected the above apparatus in series, using the connecting wires.
Below is a circuit showing this connection.
Below are samples of the wires I used:
Thick wire:
Fairly thick wire:
Thin wire:
Fairly thin wire:
Method: I connected the power pack, ammeter, variable resistor and the
constantan wire in series using the connecting wires. I then set the
ammeter on zero, and then I turned on the power pack. After this, I
set the variable resistor to the maximum, and then slowly decreased
resistance thereby increasing current. I did this until the wire
melted. For the first trial, I used a very thick wire.
I repeated this method, changing the thickness of the wires I used.
The wires became thinner as I continued the investigation. I always
recorded the current needed to melt the different wires, during each
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