School bus routing is the process of assigning the buses to pick up the students into a sequences of stops ending with the school. School bus routing problems as a variant of the vehicle routing problems consists with the assignment of the students to bus stops and routing the buses to the bus stops. Also must be fair for each students and must have minimal operational costs. Furthermore, school bus routing must satisfy the demand for services. Examples of demand for services are capacity of school bus, time restriction and the total number of students. Some schools assigned one bus to more than one route to minimize the operational costs, however, the total travel time of the students have not minimized. It becomes a huge task for many school managers, …show more content…
School bus routing problems are combinatorial optimization problems defined as follows.
Definition 12 : School bus routing problems is a finite ordered pair of elements (G;g;w; f )
where;
If a teacher is honest and fair with all of their students, it will increase
The Toronto Transit Commission (TTC) is not the best method of transportation in the city of Toronto, because it’s unreliable, inconvenient, and unsanitary. First of all, the TTC is unreliable because of many delays. The TTC buses often come late and there are many subway breakdowns and signal problems. These problems can cause longer wait times and result in the rider being late. Additionally, the TTC is inconvenient because it is difficult for the rider to get to his or her destination without a few transfers. In addition, there are very few direct routes and limited area coverage. For example, there are some areas where passengers have to walk long distances just to get to the bus stop. These problems can result in many transfers and cause
Every school bus has a hierarchy, a caste system. The cool crowd the kids who smoke, come to class with hickies, and get into enough trouble to be the secret envy of the honor roll students occupies the back rows. The cheerleaders and star athletes take the middle seats. The serious students sit near the front. The nerds and the outcasts never know where they'll end up. If they're lucky, they can find an empty seat directly behind or to the right of the driver. (8)
In order to disburse school district funds are factors to take in consideration as allot money for between administration, head of the departments, teachers or faculty and support staff salaries, coaches, bus drivers and school security to mention some. When the funds are distributed among the district, it is time to allocate funds for students (Rose, 2013). Some of those funds are disburse for school meals for a low income students, other areas where funds extra-curricular or after school activities that in some states are require in order to receive funds (Frank & Education Resource, 2012). Some districts, also chose to allocate funds base on student’s daily school attendance; these are call average daily attendance (ADA) and average daily membership (ADM). These terms are really important as administrator to understand and take in consideration, as well as how to apply them for school budget.
...here they need to go. This makes kids late, the times ranging from forty five minutes to two hours, if the bus comes at all. All of these are major concerns, the interference with summer plans, the length of our summer, and the conditions of the roads, are significant concerns.
Is the Loop Bus as beneficial to students as it should be? The SGA Loop Bus is a service provided to Duquesne University students by the Student Government Association. It is a three fleet bus system that provides transportation from Duquesne University to Southside, Oakland, and Waterfront that is operated on Friday and Saturday during the academic school year. It is the subject of one of the major gripes with Duquesne University and is not quite what it is cracked up to be. There are many consequences due to the inconsistencies of the Loop Bus making it not only irritable to wait for but places you in danger.
Douglas, D., M. (1996). The end of busing? In EDUC 160 Urban Education (Spring 2014, pp. 173-196)
Despite the great efforts put forth during the Montgomery Bus Boycott of 1955 in which the black community and its supporters refused to use public transportation, transport segregation still remained in some southern states. As a result the civil rights group, the Congress on Racial Inequality (C.O.R.E.), began to organize what they called “freedom rides.” In 1961, the group began sending student volunteers on bus trips to test the implementation of new laws prohibiting segregation in interstate travel facilities (Peck, 161). Most notable was a trip they took from Washington, D.C., making stops in Georgia, Alabama, and Mississippi. Upon arrival the group was met with violence and brutality from the Ku Klux Klan and others, but this did not deter them from getting their voice heard. In September 1961, the Attorney General petitioned the Interstate Commerce Commission to draft a policy making racial segregation in bus terminals illegal, and in November this was put into effect. The Freedom Riders gave national publicity to the discrimination that black Americans were forced to endure and, in doing so, helped bring about change not only in bus terminals but in the nation as a whole.
The goal to is to bring down the average size classroom of 25 students to about 18
It is therefore, vital for the students to realize the actual root causes of poor time management and arrest the same in good time. Some of the stated causes include: lack of prioritizing tasks, lack of setting personal goals, failing to manage distractions, procrastination, multitasking and last but not least in effective scheduling of tasks.
Classroom management has the largest effect on student achievement, so students cannot learn in poorly managed classroom. Additionally, research has pointed out that the quality of teacher-student relationships is the main aspect of classroom management.(…2). Furthermore, when teachers set classroom management plan, the plan will give structure to everything from seating to lessons to grading to the relationship between students. Teachers should incorporate strategies for addressing student behavior into classroom
Although everyone would agree that today’s children are the country’s future and education is an investment, the education industry has been short on funds for years. One would assume it would be the government’s top priority, but it is not. Along with stagnant teachers’ salaries and teachers’ furloughs one of the unfortunate outcomes of budget cuts isare larger class sizes. as a result the class should be smaller. When there class sizes that are too big a person has problems that effect students and the teachers and both the student and teacherhave problems. Class sizes may have an effect on Student’s’ success. Large c Class sizes are not fair to students for many reasons. because students and teachers’ come across problems when there are more students than classrooms. In a smaller class teachers’ would be able to do more hands on activities.
As the roads are very busy nowadays, the public transportation disciplines are safety. Waiting at a bus can be a little risky and unsafe because students can be in a vulnerable location. Some of the bus stops are hidden, so not many college students are going to be around that area. This is a safety concern because students must know what is happening around their surroundings. A good suggestion of safety always brings a cell phone or a partner, especially taking the bus at night time. Moreover, buses are always crowded on a regular daily basic, and most of the time students might have to put up with being very close to abnormal
When most people think about an eventful or memorable place, they almost certainly would not picture a bus. As we all know, buses are not exactly attractive. The design scheme is the same in almost every bus: rows and rows of brown seats, a thin black aisle down the middle of the bus, hundreds of hazy windows, and the big, lemon-yellow exterior. Not many people, I am sure, would consider buses to be an important part of their lives. However, if a person were to think about it, they would realize that they probably have had at least one memorable experience in their life that took place on a bus.
Of all the variables in a comprehensive literature review classroom management had the largest effect on student achievement. Therefore, teachers need to provide clear purpose and strong guidance regarding both academics and student behavior. Teachers and students need to collaborate as a team sharing concerns about the needs and opinions of others. Teachers should be aware of high-needs students and have a plethora of specific techniques for meeting some of their needs. Positive support from the parents, administration, support personnel and the community to bring about positive changes in student behavior is also necessary. Teachers can make a modification; they can construct a community that nurtures and develops social and emotional skills as well as academic