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Impact of industrialization on English life and society
Growth of the city of manchester
Industrial revolution manchester
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With industrialization and urbanization come the realization of goals, the solution to the problem, and the a whole new batch of both. An appropriate example of this would be the town of Manchester, England, which in the relatively short span between 1750 and 1851, saw a massive shift from a miniscule farming town to a thriving metropolis of over three hundred thousand people. The overall outcome of this drastic metamorphosis has been viewed in a myriad of different lights over the centuries, as people at the time formed around the usual lines: Romantics, mourning the days of clear skies and clean cottages, Reformist (as always) championing their version of the rights of the people, and the Rich, the Capitalists, the Aristocracy arguing towards their self given right to extort wealth from the masses. …show more content…
In his Colloquies on the Progress and Prospects of Society, Southey called Industrial Manchester a city, “without it’s antiquity, without it’s beauty, without it’s holiness” (Doc II). This view of the city of Manchester is reflected in an account given by Frenchman Alexis de Tocqueville, who called Manchester a ,”filthy sewer” where humanity is it’s “most brutish” (Doc V). They would, of course, hold this view as Romanticists, as they would hold human individuality and nature to a high value, both of which would be terribly disregarded in an Industrialized
While the growth of the urban population led to new technological and industrial developments, it also produced penury, congestion, pollution, fatal disease, and tremendous fires. One of the most important problems that arose from this growth, however, was the absence of a legitimate urban government. Political, or urban, machines filled this void, and through patronage and graft secured votes from as many people as possible for their respective parties4. Immigrants were usually the easiest targets because they frequently did not speak much English, but more im...
There were very many varying reactions to the changes that accompanied the growth, and industrialization of Manchester. Some people were all for the growth, and development of Manchester while others were strongly against. People who were against the development of Manchester often cited health, and social issues as their reasons, while people in favor of it were usually biased in making it look good, and had reasons for supporting Manchester’s growth such as their own increased wealth.
urbanization was also expanding in the major cities. In this “think piece” assignment I would like
My essay focuses on the county of Greater Manchester in North West England. A thriving metropolitan area, the county has been a place of interest since its rise in the Industrial Revolution.
Throughout the years of 1850-1914, many countries faced social unjust through political and economic issues that were brought on by the industrialization of cities within Europe. Before the mid-18th century signs of social unjust would develop and spread too many countries. Although the technological advancement the revolution brought, allowed humans to no longer be limited to what they can achieve by the land. Now they would be limited to what the machine would allow them to achieve. Due to this, ability Europe prospered during the mid-18th century economically but all social classes didn’t reap the benefits of this prosperity. Industrialization solved some problems for the working class when it came to their efficiency but, created other problems like the conditions they were forced to live in. In 1844 Friedrich Engles wrote about the living conditions in the urban industrial settings of England. At this time in England, the cities were divided into districts or courts and the working classes court was one to be remembered according to Engles but, not for good reasons. Engles gives insight into the conditions of these courts, " everywhere half or wholly ruined buildings, some of them actually uninhabited........, ill-fitting windows and doors, and a state of filth!" Engles continues to provide more detail about a stench that made it unbearable for any civilized person to live in. The more in depth Engle’s goes into his description, the more evident it becomes that Manchester the second city in England was plagued by the hardship that came with being the first manufacturing city of the world.
During the course of the nineteenth century, Manchester, England, became a leading textile manufacturing center after its first mechanized cotton mill and the world’s first industrialized city. As a result of the tremendous growth its population increased from 18,000 in 1750 to over 300,000 by the census of 1851, much of this made up of the working class and immigrants. As seen in History of Manchester, there is a massive development growth throughout the whole city in just a hundred years (doc.1). In the 1832 Reform Bill, Manchester was granted representation in Parliament and middle-class men received the vote. Manchester was also granted a royal charter, after Queen Victoria’s visit in 1851. Although the industrialization of Manchester
During the mid-19th century, England experienced a major societal and intellectual upheaval. Prior to the Industrial Revolution, Victorian men had to “overcome their appetites, their animal natures, in order to gain [...] a sense of the civilized self” (Garton 54). In order to maintain dignity within his communities, a man’s barbaric nature remained restrained from the outside world. During this time, men had created two personas: their public self and their private self. This attitude, however, began to change as English society transitioned from rural to urban; as England evolved, so did its citizens. People flocked to the cities in search of work, culminating in overcrowded and congested living environments. With so many people living in
In the mid-nineteenth century, the United States heralded the coming of the “new industrial order.” With the advent of railroads, industrialization went into full swing. Factories and mills appeared and multiplied, and the push for economic progress became the grand narrative of the country. Still, there was a conscious effort to avoid the filth and poverty so prevalent in European factory towns. Specifically, the town of Lowell, Massachusetts, was held up as an exemplary model of industrial utopia. The mill town included beautiful landscaping and dormitories for the women workers. Indeed, it looked much like a university campus (Klein 231). Nevertheless, this idealized vision eventually gave way to the reality of human greed. The female factory workers worked long hours for little pay as their health deteriorated from the hazardous conditions (238). (Specifically, Carson’s Mill in Dalton, Massachusetts, served as the model for Melville’s short story [Melville 2437].) In this way, industrialization (and the subsequent desire for economic wealth) became incompatible with democratic principles. Originally, the prevailing consciousness was that industrialization would further democracy and the two would become a complimentary pair. However, the reality was that these societal changes brought economic divisions; the boundaries were drawn more clearly between the privileged class and the working class.
From the year 1800 to 1850, the population of Wales and England doubled, going from nine million to roughly eighteen million. During the period of time, the percentage of people living in cities rose from 10 percent to nearly 50 percent. Combined, the population of the cities of Wales and England increased from about eight hundred thousand to over nine million, reaching more than a 1,000-percent increase in only 50 years. The rise in population surprised the people at the time. The quick rise in population can’t be directly tied to industrialization; however industrialization surely contributed to the impact of England's transformation from a rural, farming culture to an urban, industrial culture as the nineteenth century proceeded. These cultural
People’s kids moved from their parents’ farms to the cities as they were looking for work. Some children or young adults were forced and other moved voluntarily. Some factors that made people move was the jobs, better life than they had at home and just something different than farming. People who lived in the farms were unaware of how they would be treated in factories. They did not know that they would be beaten, forced to work twelve to sixteen hour says and were paid a very minimal wage. They thought by working in a factory their lives could change, they good make a fair amount of money and spend time with their families. But as people became aware, it was too late to go back to the agricultural age, more and more people suffered during the Industrial Age. But all this led to a positive outcome and now begins the population growth in the cities.
The New Urbanism movement was made up of a group of urban planners and advocates with diverse backgrounds, causing for a diverse number of opinions and ideas contributing to the movement. New Urbanism has managed to prolong its effects within urban planning and is still known as a way of urban thinking and planning to this day. The idea came about in protest to the problem of congestion and lack of civil engagement among both the urban and suburban communities. New Urbanists saw the auto-oriented communities that were supposedly “thriving” at the time to be a “recipe for disaster.” This society that thrived on the automobile was something they thought would eventually fail, as it was not oriented around social engagement and did not necessarily have cohesive planning. New Urbanism took ideas from both the City Beautiful Movement and the ideas of Ebenezer Howard with his ideas of a Garden City. A large portion of the plan was to orient a community, whether it is urban or suburban, around the people and their needs rather than vehicles, go...
Evans, Eric J. The Forging of the Modern State: Early Industrial Britain. London and New York: Longman, 1996.
Vidler, Anthony. The New Industrial World: The Reconstruction of Urban Utopia in Late Nineteenth Century France. Perspecta. Vol. 13/14, (1971), pp. 243-256
Georg Simmel, a wealthy and affluent scholar living in the late 19th and early 20th Centuries, saw great disconnects and differences between village and city life. Simmel believed that the roots of conflict in modern society flow from “the attempt of the individual to maintain the independence and individuality of his existence against the sovereign powers of society” (Simmel, 1903). He was of the view that this autonomy was more difficult to maintain in city life and this, in combination with other factors to be later discussed, is what leads to such a difference existing between urban and rural life.
describes a world during and after the industrial revolution in which there have been many ill-fated side effects stemming from the rise of cities and of industry, as people move away from the traditional farming families and their beliefs. People no longer treat each other with kindness or as equals, instead they exploit each other for personal gain, selfish and unfeeling towards the consequences of their actions for other people. Also, new and potentially deadly diseases are becoming a major problem in the cities, and other illegal activities such as prostitution and crime in general are on the rise. Works Cited:.. Blake, William.