Other matters to be taken into account for introducing the techniques to an industry
Below can be seen other factors that need to be considered. Each factor is the most important for its type of micro manufacturing process.
Chemical-Machining and Photo-Chemical Machining
Life cycle - The life cycle of a photo chemical machining tool is estimated to be around 450 cycles. For a large volume production it is often advisable to produce a negative master film, this also a positive film to be quickly produced by a contact method. It is advisable where the design of a component allows, to avoid manufacture of a tool that produces large areas of photo resistant removal. If the work material has areas of exposed metal the machine will have a faster rate of etch than cutting lines, this can cause tolerance problems together with a faster contamination of the etching chemistry.
CAD – One factor that is often overlooked when introducing this type of process into the manufacturing industry is having personnel trained in the appropriate operational software, such as CAD. When a 2D CAD image is created of the desired design what needs to be kept in mind is that this will also involve calculating bend allowances, inclusion of half etch detail and scaling. To allow for the etching process an etching compensating factor has to be taken into account. This includes drawing the outside profile larger than the finished component size this means holes and slots should be smaller to compensate. The amount of adjustment is directly proportional to the thickness of the metal being processed.
Electro-Chemical Forming and Machining
Environment – with all the advantages this process brings it also has its downfalls ECF and ECM are known for environment...
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... on the power concentration can burn through flesh. Strong standards are in place for the safe use of lasers and laser systems. The backbone of any safety program is the continuous effort of management and employees to follow established safety protocols. Only through a strong support for training education this can be achieved. Simple use of safety guards and protection glasses can dramatically decrease the risk to workers
Accuracy - Improvement of accuracy has been a central topic in laser beam machining. Short pulses over a longer period of time have greater potential to obtain higher accuracies in dimensional control. This is due to the very small amounts of material that can be removed per pulse and because the very small damaged or heat effected zone at the surface. The focus on accuracy gives greater detail and reliability on the laser beam machining process
...lothing and equipments in the industry. These will greatly ensure the safety of the employees and hence minimize the injuries. Use of the administrative control and work practices will also lead to the production of quality products safe for consumption (OSHA Quick take, 2010).
Greer, M. E. (2001, October). 90 Years of Progress in Safety. Professional Safety, 46(10), 20-25. Retrieved April 22, 2014, from http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=bth&AN=5367632&site=ehost-live&scope=site
It is thus a thermal erosion process. The sparks are created in a dielectric liquid, generally water or oil, between the work piece and an electrode, which can be considered as the cutting tool. There is no mechanical contact between the electrodes during the whole process. Since erosion produced by electrical discharges, both electrode and work piece have to be electrically conductive. Thus, the machining process consists in successively removing small volumes of work piece material, molten or vaporized during a discharge. The volume removed by a single spark is small, in the range of 10-6-10-4 mm3 but this basic process is repeated typically 10,000 times per
When it comes to safety most people think they are safe, and they have a true understanding on how to work safe. Human nature prevents us from harming ourselves. Our instincts help protect us from harm. Yet everyday there are injuries and deaths across the world due to being unsafe. What causes people to work unsafe is one of the main challenges that face all Safety Managers across the world.
These requirements might seem obvious at first, yet it is exactly the demand and supply on each one of them that causes the limitations and control of this technology. The 3D printer is no longer an equipment that can only be found in a scientific lab, but people can buy it on Amazon with the price from 600 to 2000 dollars. Moreover, there are numerous companies which are starting to invest new functions upon the 3D printer such as the three types of 3D printers that have been advertised in the “Top 3 Best 3D Printers You Must Have” video: “the Tiko, the Palette, and the Moonray”. For instance, the Tiko printer is a new type of “uni-body” 3D printer which prevents the unstable printing problem caused by the traditional “separate three-piece rail frame”. Also, its 1 kg rolls, large “internal filler” and the “close-build chamber” also promises the project to be more “reliable and accurate”.
There are many kinds of printmaking techniques. Among them are (1) monoprint, which occupies a space between painting and graphic arts; (2) embossing, where solid objects are laid on a damp paper and put through the press; (3) relief or block printing, which consists of carving and cutting areas of the printing matrix-wood; and others.
Focus shall be on utilizing pre-production tools while developing the prototypes. Actual material, wherever possible, shall be used in the development of prototypes rather than having substituted parts. Make the prototypes as closer as possible to actual outputs.
In today’s world of operations management, layouts of manufacturing processes play a key role in achieving and maintaining long term goals. These layouts need to be well thought out and carefully planned for they can effect the cost or producing goods and delivering services for many years into the future. Layouts are dependent on the technology utilized and product type manufactured. There are four typical layouts: process layout, product layout, fixed position layout and combination layout.
We have all at some point in our lives used or seen someone use a laser.
The technology and complex foundation of additive manufacturing (AM) or more commonly known as 3D printing is still being widely explored through trial and error processes to improve this innovative field. Consumer goods such as clothes, food, decoration, household objects and tools, fragrance and so much more has good prospect within the spectrum of AM applications. The 3D printing machine enable industrial designers, mechanical engineer, packaging designers, graphic artists, marketing staff, fashion designers, interior designers and the like to create prototypes efficiently. How is timing more efficient with AM? Time to market shrink significantly as the 3D printer help designers and engineer bring their creation to life swiftly. All matters of aesthetics and functionality can be seen and reformed for optimal quality with AM.
The second way is by using computer aided drafting (CAD) and computer aided manufacturing (CAM) programs on your computer.
Materials engineering and computer engineering are two of the modern examples of industrial engineering. Industrial engineers have the challenge of incorporating today’s leading technological advances with the production of them in manufacturing facilities. Their purpose is to maximize output, while minimizing the costs for materials and production. This is why industrial engineers must have knowledge of product development, materials processing, optimization, queuing theory, production techniques, and engineering economy. Industrial engineers must have adequate skills in computer aided design and computer aided manufacturing.
Chemical and fire hazards in the workplace cause serious injuries that in most cases are fatal.
Manufacturing is the process of convert raw materials and components to finished goods to satisfy customers’ needs or what they expect.
Also, micro machining was performed on the substrate to improve the part’s feature resolution (cavities for electrical components and channels for the inks).