Organizations are defined as a group of people which are structured and managed to accomplish things and reach collective goals. Regardless of the size of an organization, they have several common characteristics. These characteristics are a coordination of effort, a common objective or purpose, a division of labor, and a formal organizational structure. (Cassidy & Krietner, 2010) As long as there has been work to do, there has been an organizational structure to make sure that it gets done in the way that it was planned. Some organizations are small so that a simpler structure with face-to-face communication works best. In this type of organization a formal structure is not necessary. In larger organizations, decisions have to be made, so a structure is created to assign responsibilities and delegate tasks. In an organization of any size or complexity, employees' responsibilities are typically defined by their role and their reporting relationship. These definitions are assigned to positions in the organization rather than to specific individuals. (Fisher, 2000) Although the titles given to the positions, and the roles assigned to the people holding those titles may have changed over the years or been modified because of the type of organization, there are still essential roles that need to be filled in order to complete the work. In any type of organization which produces a product or service, there are architects and engineers that put the design or dream, developed by those who envision or invent, on paper as a map for managers to follow. It’s hard to believe that as early as the 1700’s, a book was written and published that designed some of the same organizational components that ha... ... middle of paper ... ...s. Boston: South-Western Cengage Learning. ISBN: 9780618862139 DuBrin, A.J. (2004) Applying psychology individual & organizational effectiveness (6th Ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, Inc. ISBN 0-13-097115-4 Fisher, K. (2000) Leading self-directed work teams: A guide to developing new team leadership skills. New York: McGraw-Hill ISBN 0-07-134924-3 Hammer, M. & Champy, J. (2001). Reengineering the corporation. New York:HarperCollins Publishers, Inc. ISBN 0-06-055953-5 Linder, W. (1969). How industrial unionism was won: The great sit down strike against GM 1936-37. Retrieved from: http://www-rohan.sdsu.edu/~rgibson/flintstrike.html Manis, J. (2005). An inquiry into the nature and causes of wealth of nations by Adam Smith. Retrieved from: http://www2.hn.psu.edu/faculty/jmanis/adam-smith/wealth-nations.pdf
In the Humanistic Tradition the author, Gloria Fiero introduces Adam smith as a Scottish moral philosopher, pioneer of political economy, and a key figure in the Scottish Enlightenment. Smith also known as the Father of Political economy, is best known for one of his two classic works An Inquiry into the nature and causes of the Wealth of Nations. Fiero looks at Smith’s work because the division of labor is important. One thing Smith thinks is even more important for creating a wealthy nation, is to interact and have open trade with different countries. Fiero states,“It is necessary, though very slow and gradual, consequence of a certain propensity in human nature which has in view no such extensive utility; the propensity to truck, barter,
Adam Smith, An Inquiry Into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations, (London: 1776), 190-91, 235-37.
The Organisation structure of a company addresses the fact that every organisation has specific units that are responsible for different roles and actions in the organisation and that no department within the organisation stands alone, they are intertwined. The organisational chart or structure should be designed to divide up the work load, responsibilities and roles to be done
Smith, Adam. 1981 [1776]. An Inquiry Into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations. Indianapolis, Indiana: Liberty Press.
Smith, A. (2005). AN INQUIRY INTO THE NATURE AND CAUSES OF THE WEALTH OF NATIONS. Hazleton: A PENN STATE ELECTRONIC CLASSICS SERIES PUBLICATION. (Original work published 1776)
An organization is a social unit of people that is designed and managed to meet a need or to pursue collective goals. All organizations have a management structure that determines relationships between the different activities and the members, and subdivisions and assigns roles, responsibilities, and authority to carry out different tasks. Organizations are open systems; they can affect and are affected by their environment (What is an organization? definition and meaning, 2013). Working in an organization individual’s deal with numerous issues. Drugs and alcohol abuse in organizations has become a main concern.
Smith's Influential work, The Wealth of Nations, was written based on the help with the country’s economy who bases it off his book. Smith’s book was mainly written on how inefficient mercantilism was...
Smith, Adam. "CHAPTER XI OF THE RENT OF LAND." An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations. Oxford: Clarendon, 1976. 161. Print.
Smith, A. (1991). The Wealth of Nations. In A. Smith, The Wealth of Nations. Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books.
Within a given organization, structure is one of the key components that can lead a company to success or failure. The top echelon of the organization should ensure the right people are employed in their specific areas of expertise, that they are given proper job outlines, authority and goals to accomplish to ensure that organizational behavior matches the company values. The organization needs to be aligned with the individual goals of the employees, to ensure the individual feels they are working towards common goals. When a company conducts an organizational diagnosis it is primarily utilized to identify major strengths and weaknesses in the processes and hopefully strengthening the good ones and mitigating the unsuccessful ones.
Adam Smith’s economic genius presented in The Wealth of Nations is stimulating because it proves that the economy is constantly changing, but is founded upon basic principles that consistently remain the same. One theme that is regularly reiterated in Smith’s The Wealth of Nations is that each country’s economy plays an important role in the global economy. For example, the idea of the division of labor and trade specialization suggests that each country should utilize its’ resources and citizens’ expertise in order to maximize productivity and gain through trade with other countries. It does not make sense for a country produce a product more expensively when it can simply trade with another country. In addition, the concepts of the invisible
Adam Smith’s The Wealth of Nations - The Natural Order is Driven by Man’s Self-interest
Although this view has undergone considerable modification by economists in the light of historical developments since Smith’s time, many sections of The Wealth of Nations notably those relating to the sources of income and the nature of capital, have continued to form the basis of theoretical study of the field of political economy. The Wealth of Nations has also served as a guide to the formulation of governmental economic policies.
Organizational structure within an organization is a critical component of the day to day operations of a business. An organization benefits from organizational structure as a result of all it encompasses. It is used to define how tasks are divided, grouped and coordinated. Six elements should be addressed during the design of the organization’s structure: work specialization, departmentalization, chain of command, spans of control, centralization and decentralization. These components are a direct reflection of the organization’s culture, power and politics.
Organizational structure is the way that an organization arranges people and jobs so that work can be performed and goals can be achieved. Good organizational design helps communications, productivity, and innovation. Many organization structures have been created based on organizational strategy, size, technology, and environment. Robbins and Judge (2011, p. 504) listed three common structures: simple, bureaucracy, and matrix. In this post the author will describe the matrix structure, and discuss its advantages and disadvantages.