The definition of macromolecule is- A large complex molecule, such as nucleic acids, proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids, with relatively large molecular weight. In biology, a macromolecule is a term used to contrast a macromolecule (which is smaller in size and in molecular weight). Macromolecules are usually used to refer to large biological polymers, such as nucleic acids and proteins, which are made up of small monomers linked together. Macromolecules are made of ten thousand or more atoms. Macromolecules are made of proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids.
The definition of carbohydrate is- Any of the group of organic compounds consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, usually in the ratio of 1:2:1, hence the general formula: Cn (H2O) n. Examples include sugar, starch, cellulose and gums. Carbohydrates can also be referred to as Saccharides.
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A Monosaccharide is the simplest form of carbohydrates. They are usually called single sugars and are the building blocks for all bigger carbohydrates. They are classified according to the number of carbon atoms in a molecule.
The definition of lipid is- Fats are composed of a glycerol molecule and three fatty acid molecules. Just like all lipids, fat molecules are made up of the elements carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Fat is used as energy storage in our bodies. Lipids are part of the four major organic molecule groups; the other three are carbohydrates, portions, and nucleic acids or DNA. Lipids are made of hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon. Although, lipids carry very little oxygen atoms compared to hydrogen atoms. They include phospholipids, fats, waxes, and steroids. A few important functions of a lipid include hormones, cell membranes, and energy storage. Steroids are part of the four major lipid groups. They include cholesterol, hormones, and
Carbohydrates are biomolecules that consist of a chain or ring of carbon atoms attached to hydrogen and oxygen atoms. The simplest formula for carbohydrates is (CH2O)n. Carbohydrates are important to organisms for a variety of reasons. They are used to form the structural components of the cell, aid in energy storage, and serve as intermediary compounds for more complex molecules. Carbohydrates are classified as either monosaccharides, disaccharides, or polysaccharides. Both monosaccharides and disaccharides dissolve easily in water. Carbohydrates are produced in plants through the process of photosynthesis and animals obtain these carbohydrates by eating the plants. ("BIO 1510 Laboratory Manual," 2016)
Carbohydrates are categorised in three many groups: Ø Monosaccharide – monomers and therefore contain single surgar. Ø Disaccharide – contain double sugars. Ø Polysaccharide – are large molecules containing many complex sugars. The general formula for carbohydrates is Cx(H20)y. Monosaccharides are white crystalline solids with low molecular mass and sweet tasting.
Carbohydrates are split into two main groups. The simple sugars and the starches. Simple sugars contain fructose, glucose and lactose. All three sugars can be found in most fruits. The starches are found in bread, rice, some fruits, some vegetables, and potatoes. Carbohydrates are mainly tasked with providing your body energy. However, in some instances where the body lacks enough fibre, the carbohydrates can be broken down to provide a replacement for fibre.
Fatty acids are constructed by a chain of various amount of carbon atoms attached to hydrogen atoms. Fatty acids can be categorized into three groups based on the number of carbon atoms: short-fatty acids (SCFAs) ≤ C5, medium-chain fatty acids (...
The Different Roles of Macromolecules in Biology There are four types of macromolecules that I am going to describe: Proteins, carbohydrates, lipids and nucleic acid. I will also describe the functions and why they are important in our bodies. Proteins = == ==
Carbohydrates, or saccharides, are sugars and starches, which provide energy for humans and animals, and cellulose which make up many plant
what help create all the living things we see everyday. Lipids are found in all membranes, mainly
Glucose, fructose, and galactose are examples of single or simple sugar molecules or monosaccharides. Maltose, sucrose, and lactose are examples of two sugar molecules linked, also known as disaccharides. Starch, glycogen, and cellulose are examples of many sugar molecules linked. They are also called polysaccharides. If you wanted to test if there were carbohydrates in something, you could do the sugar or the starch test.
There are many more lipids than I have mentioned in my research paper, there are over a 100 know lipids. Lipids are very important for our body and cells and they carry out many function. They provide nutrients for our body. Lipids are a category of nutrients. Lipids consist of fats, oils, and waxes and are very important for are body’s health. Lipids are important for the human body because they are for storing energy, they’re good at storing energy because they can concentrate a group of calories in a smaller area. Lipids are also used to make soaps, detergents and waxes. These are things that we use in every day life.
Proteins are considered to be the most versatile macromolecules in a living system. This is because they serve crucial functions in all biological processes. Proteins are linear polymers, and they are made up of monomer units that are called amino acids. The sequence of the amino acids linked together is referred to as the primary structure. A protein will spontaneously fold up into a 3D shape caused by the hydrogen bonding of amino acids near each other. This 3D structure is determined by the sequence of the amino acids. The 3D structure is referred to as the secondary structure. There is also a tertiary structure, which is formed by the long-range interactions of the amino acids. Protein function is directly dependent on this 3D structure.
Simple carbohydrates are made of one or two sugars that have a simple chemical structure. (Carbohydrates and Blood Sugar, 2014) These carbs are usually used for energy for the body because of their simple structure(Carbohydrates and Blood Sugar, 2014). These can have bad effects on health(Carbohydrates and Blood Sugar, 2014).
The Function of Lips and Their Biological Significance Lipids are biological molecules and are insoluble in aqueous solutions but are soluble in organic solvents. Specific lipids have a physiological importance to humans; they have three major functions; serving as structural components of biological membranes, act as vitamins and hormones, provide energy storage (triaculglycerols). Lipids are made up of the elements carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. Lipids can exist as fats, oils and waxes. Fat and oils are similar in structure as they are triglycerides, however, they physically differ at room temperature fats are solid and oils liquid.
Cholesterol is type of the body's fats. Such as triglyceride, which is important to the body to build blocks of the cell structure, also it is important sources of producing energy and making hormones.
If you frequent health forums or fitness blogs, you'll have read the word “macros” before. The word is short for macronutrients. That leads to the question, “what are macronutrients?”
Carbohydrates are divided into two groups, simple carbohydrates and complex carbohydrates. Simple carbohydrates, sometimes called simple sugars, include fructose (fruit sugar), sucrose (table sugar), and lactose (milk sugar), as well as several other sugars. Fruits are one of the richest natural sources of simple carbohydrates.