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Discuss the factors that contribute to economic growth
Economics essay economic growth development
Explain and discuss economic growth
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As the Global economy pushes deeper into the 21st century one of the largest challenges it will face is labor digitization. This is the practice of decreasing reliance on conventional labor in favor of other forms of labor. This trend of digitization is only going to get more popular as the price of technology decreases. However, this trend is especially challenging for developing nations. These countries don’t necessarily have the infrastructure to support labor digitization and many of them rely on their cheap exports for economic growth. With their exports no longer cost effective, due to the high cost of human labor versus robotics, they will have to change their economies just to survive. Infrastructure development is needed along with decreased export reliance, increased skilled labor, increased communication between the private sector and educational institutions, and increased domestic consumption and urbanization. The task is to carry out that change in a stable and economically beneficial way and it should be recognized that all nations are involved together, both developed and developing, as they are all part of the global economy. The People’s Republic of China is arguably one of the most proactive nations with regards to mitigating the effects and adapting to labor digitization. It has invested heavily in its manufacturing industry for over half a century, and has also invested in a new digital economy. The People’s Republic of China has outlined its digitization goals in its 12th five year plan. One of the first priorities of this plan is cutting reliance on the export sector. To do so, the Chinese government has invested heavily in domestic consumption. Additionally to solve its overcapacity in manufacturing Chi... ... middle of paper ... ... for cheap labor, while evenly adding funds to education for specialized labor. While this process is taking hold, corporations need to be incentivised to use said nation’s labor for skilled purposes. This can be undertaken through negotiations and tax incentives. Additionally, new jobs during this time will be created from investment in sustainable energy, the manufacturing of high-quality products and materials, and big data jobs. Also new outsourcing and crowdsourcing jobs will begin to develop as developed nations begin skilled labor outsourcing, not just cheap and unskilled labor outsourcing. With these new job opportunities and with increased effort by governments, the job market for skilled labor will skyrocket. Cumulatively, the adaption in this way to labor digitization will allow a state in any economic situation to grow economically for decades to come.
...hored, individuals, families, and communities suffer the negative economic consequences due to limited job availability. Most people who work in these industry sectors are blue collars, who are not professional or academically qualified to work in other fields, as a result their job choices are limited, especially when the main industry in that community is to work in the stage of manufacturing. When there is massive unemployment within a single community the loss of manufacturing jobs can threaten consumers, creating other problems in the society that result in economic costs. Such problems may spiral into the loss of one's car or home, personal debt, and the lack of economical means to afford a child's education, thus continuing the cycle of economic poverty. These aforementioned consequences are indirect and important economic effects of offshoring American jobs.
In the present 21st century, our whole economy is mainly depended upon technology advancements. However, from the end of the Civil War and into the early 1900s, the economy was industrializing at a rapid pace. As a result, the industrialization created a larger need for a larger workforce. Even though the working conditions did change, it often caused hardships for workers as a result. Because of the hardships of the workers, the government and several trade union stepped in attempting to solve many problems such as the low wages, the infamous child labor, and the unsafe working conditions through the passing of laws.
With the current shift of globalization, many jobs are being outsourced overseas. Illegal immigration is being seen in jobs that cannot be outsourced, rather jobs that are insourced. These include jobs in the large scale agriculture, construction and meatpacking industry; which require labor to be done within the country. It also includes jobs in service industries where demand has seen a recent incline such as nannies, food service and landscaping (119). The sharp increase of demand roots from consumers’ dwindling free time; a result of more females working and a general longer work day. The change of labor structure has further created a demand for insourced
At the same time, the professors’ claim “computerization- by automating routine tasks” will reduce the need for workers with low skills and limit the number of jobs available to them. With the wages of highly skilled workers increasing, and the wages of lower-skilled workers decreasing, the gap between the “rich” and the “poor” will grow and statistics prove that the gap has increased since computers have become more depended
For what has been a very, very long time, our elected representatives have sought to achieve “full employment” as a national goal….but full employment has been suspect as a possible cause of inflation, and is therefore weakened by decisions of the Federal Reserve, in an attempt to retard inflation. In terms of causes, unemployment has changed; the character, degree of severity, possible solutions of unemployment over the last ten years or so have been reduced, and has morphed in terms of just who is experiencing the unemployment and the suggestions for answering the problem. It has been the traditional fundamental trades, like manufacturing, viewed as part of the shift in the economy towards the new information age model, as workers transition from a manufacturing economy to a service economy, all the while over-coming the obstacles set forth by our own government.
As esteemed journalist Tom Piatak wisely puts it, “The trickle of outsourcing threatens to become a flood.” His words speak the truth as outsourcing has left United States’ workers jobless, and it continues to increase the unemployment rate every year. During February of 2009, American workers lost a record 651,000 jobs alone, increasing the unemployment rate to 8.1 percent, the highest it has been in 25 years (Katel). Multinational corporations, hoping to cut down costs and stay profitable in the market, outsource by exporting American jobs to third-world countries such as China and India. It may seem noble that outsourcing provides third-world countries with job opportunities, but the United States’ markets and industries are greatly affected. Outsourcing is harmful to the United States’ economy because it paves the way for job losses, decreases product consumption, and widens the gap between the rich and the poor.
As stated from the studies above, the rise of automation will also cause a rise and shift in the workforce. The shift will cause lower wage jobs to be replaced by efficient machines, while creating mid to high wage jobs for the rest of the workforce. This will in turn require a higher education for jobs and encourage the society to increase the education system quality. As society advances in the future, more jobs will be available despite current scares and anxieties over a job loss trend in the labor market. The agriculture and manufacturing industries will continue to decline in the future as computer software related jobs will continue to increase due to the improvements of technology in the workplace. Automation and machine learning will cause a growth in the labor market, profiting the economy and improving the
The reason why we need to discuss this issue, is mainly because the problem may be deeply rooted to the modern business & entrepreneurial attitude and philosophy, which hasn’t changed much since industrial revolution: human economic thinking (competitiveness), technological progress and productivity. Europe and United States are two, most affected parts of the world by mechanization and automation, as both are on a similar level of economic and technological development and wealth, however, in present globalized world the less developed countries will likely to follow soon, if they have not already. According to Jeremy...
...nd again resulting in creation of bigger markets and pulling large competitors and creating new job opportunities, but the problem is with undefined factors like outsourcing, lack of skill development in respect with technology advancement. Technology advancement may be causing huge impact on employment but it is also making human living better. Technology as became part and parcel of our life so we can’t think of life without technology, but to make sure that the same does not harm our livelihood we should keep in track and sharpen and hone our skills with advancement of technology. (Brynjolfsson & McAfee, 2011)
As we move on in time more advancement in technology such as robots are being created to work in the labor force like never seen before. Meaning that employment rates are going to be affected since right now these advancements in technology are replacing labor jobs especially those in factories. As mentioned in the “World without Work” by Derek Thompson the senior editor at the Alantic, “Technology could exert a slow but continual downward pressure on the value and availability of work.” Thompson argues how in the present and in the upcoming future technological devices such as robots will decrease the amount of jobs since it is already happening in factories today. Such as the Ford Motor Company were robots replaced many labor workers already,
The boom in online retail is a key element of the government’s drive to re-balance China’s economy in a way that positions consumption to make a far more significant contribution to GDP growth. China’s new leadership team - Premier Li Keqiang in particular - is actively encouraging the expansion of so-called ‘digital consumption’ - xinxi xiaofei 信息消费.
Technology Is What You Make It The articles “How Computers Change the Way We Think” by Sherry Turkle and “Electronic Intimacy” by Christine Rosen argue that technology is quite damaging to society as a whole and that even though it can at times be helpful it is more damaging. I have to agree and disagree with this because it really just depends on how it is used and it can damage or help the user. The progressing changes in technology, like social media, can both push us, as a society, further and closer to and from each other and personal connections because it has become a tool that can be manipulated to help or hurt our relationships and us as human beings who are capable of more with and without technology. Technology makes things more efficient and instantaneous.
To begin with, before anyone can develop an opinion as to whether technology is a useful tool in the classroom, one needs to understand that technology plays an important role in today’s world. However, the use or over-use of technology in educating young children in teaching literacy to young children is a much debated theory. There are many opinions regarding the positive influence technology can have as a useful tool in the classroom, yet there are those, like myself, who also see the negative aspect of too much technology.
Computer vision is a discipline that studies how to reconstruct, interpret and understand a 3D scene from its 2D images in terms of the properties of the structures present in the scene. It combines the knowledge from computer science, electrical engineering, mathematics, physiology, biology and cognitive science in order to understand and simulate the operation of the human vision system. As a scientific discipline, computer vision is concerned with the theory behind artificial systems that extract data from the images. As a technological discipline, computer vision seeks to apply its theories and model to the construction of computer vision systems.
Labor laws, wage disparities, intense competition and fluctuating currency values are the challenges that are making organizations worldwide to compete in marketplace with products requiring a great deal of labor, and it is now getting harder for some of these organizations to maintain employees abroad. As Mello (p. 610) mentioned that a greater percentage of United States workforces are moving their operations abroad to developing nations like China and leaving an increasing number of United States domestic workers without employment. The foreign markets for the products and services are not the only things enticing these organizations to enter these global marketplaces. There are other reasons these companies are joining the global market arenas. For example, the foreign labor markets, this has attracted interest in many organizations to expand globally (Gersten, 1991). The labor force growth rates in developing nations alone will continue expanding by approximately 700 million people by the year 2010, while the United States labor force will continue to grow by only 25 million. This shows that United States’ growth rate will drop and the opportunities for productivity growth rate will increase in developing countries.