Bonding to altered dentin Caries-affected and caries-infected dentin There are few studies that investigate the bonding characteristics to altered dentin. Most of the caries excavation methods tend to leave caries-affected and/or caries-infected dentin as a bonding substrate for adhesives. The bond strength is influenced by the caries removal method and the type of adhesive. The bond strength will be 20-50% lower in caries-affected dentin than the bond strength to sound dentin, and even lower in caries-infected dentin. The decrease in bond strength is because the caries-affected and caries-infected dentin is more porous, contain more water, and thicker hybrid layer, which is not necessarily well-infiltrated, despite the bonding strategy. This lower bond strength that occur in caries-affected dentin is due to structural changes caused by caries progression. Caries will reduce the mineral content and crystallinity of the hydroxyapatite, and alter the secondary structure of collagen. Also, decreased distribution of sound collagen fibrils and proteoglycans. All of these structural changes will result in a substrate that has lower mechanical properties, which will have great impact on the bond strength. There is evidence that adhesives will be poorly polymerized in caries-affected dentin. Studies have been conducted, and in each study the etch-and-rinse adhesives have higher bond strength than self-etch ones when bonded to caries-altered dentin. It is still to be determined how much bond strength is needed for clinical success. Sclerotic non-carious lesions These lesions have unique characteristics; they have top hypermineralised layer with different thickness that has bacterial inclusions that are sitting on denatured collagen fibril... ... middle of paper ... ...rength. Other ways to enhance bond strength, ethanol wet-bonding which preserve the hybrid layer and provide long term bond strength. Bonding to root dentin It is regarded as a great challenge to be achieved in adhesive dentistry. The root dentin differ from the coronal dentin, thus the bonding will be different. The achievement of good infiltration and micromechanical retention remain a challenge because of limited access and vision, regional variation in bond strength, presence of a thick smear layer. The bond strength differs along the root canal and it is lower than coronal dentin. the dynamic characteristics that keep on changing due to aging, intrinsic and extrinsic factors. The resin-dentin bond are still less predictable resin-enamel bond. Recent research are trying to improve bonding with collagen crosslinking agents, and inhibiting enzymatic degradation
Khosravi K, Ataei E, Mousavi M, et al. Effect of Phosphoric Acid Etching of Enamel Margins on the Microleakage of a Simplified All-in One and Self-etch Adhesive System. Operative Dentistry 2009; 34(5):531-36.
Dentistry as a profession over the years has evolved rapidly in light of new scientific evidence. Rapidly evolving science and technology have implemented changes within dentistry as evidenced by new standards and guidelines being produced by nationally recognised associations including National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE), Faculty of General Dental Practice (FGDP) and Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) in Scotland, in provision of new scientific evidence. The latest standards and guidelines produced, endorse everyday clinical practice through evidence based dentistry (REF). All dental professionals as part of continued professional development are expected to keep to date on relevant guidelines and knowledge related to their practice (REF). This is supported by the General Dental Council who state all clinicians must maintain their professional knowledge and competence throughout their working career (REF).
...because the residual oxygen from the whitening gels created an oxygen-inhibited layer. It is recommended that clinicians delay the placement of bonded restorations until 1-3 weeks after treatment (Can-Karabulut et al 2011).
Healthcare is a necessity to sustain society. Dentistry is an area of healthcare that I feel extremely passionate about because access to proper dental care is limited, especially in the underserved communities. As an African American, I want to become a dentist and healthcare provider in the hopes of helping patients and adding to the diversification of the field. With a growing minority population in the United States, it has become apparent that there is a shortage of black dentists. This is problematic because underrepresented minorities are in great need of access to culturally connected dentists who understand their clinical needs as much as their lives and their challenges. I believe that when the profession includes a range of ethnicities
...an be seen that composite teeth form a high stability bond than PMMA teeth. This is due to the filler content allowing for low shrinkage, increased wear resistance and better cross-linkage with the base. In overall consensus the technique of heat-curing is believed to achieve significantly more polymer cross-linkage than that of self-curing the acrylic resin PMMA base - giving us a stronger base to teeth interface. It should be noted however that both techniques can be used for denture fabrication to achieve a desired result and it is up to the dentist and the technician to determine which one they prefer however, composite teeth bonded to a heat-cured PMMA base works best. Though the tooth and base by themselves may be strong, if the interface between them is not strong, this will result in the overall denture produced being weak independent of material selection.
I decided to do my research report on dentistry because it is a perfect blend of science and art. It is a science in that you must fully comprehend on the different types of diagnostic and procedures you are doing. It is an art in that you are constantly working with your hands to create a beautiful smile. The impact you make on helping a person achieve an impeccable smile is not one to compare with materialistic things like money or cars. People often mistake dentist as only doing practices when in fact they could do more, like research. I was fortunate enough to have been given the opportunity to interview Dr. Sarah Pham, DDS, a close family friend who practices dentistry in her own private office in Los Angeles, California. Dr. Pham was
Dentinal hypersensitivity is characterized by a short, sharp pain in response to stimuli. Dentinal hypersensitivity, which is more commonly seen in adults in the 20 – 40 – year old age group, has several etiological factors. Gingival recession and enamel loss both contribute to the prevalence of this condition, resulting in the exposure of dentin.
The part of the gingiva that is affected in periodontitis is the attached gingiva around the teeth, which consists of gingival epithelial cells (GEC). The gingival epithelium comprise the epithelial tissue that covers the external surface of the gingiva as well as the epithelium lining, the gingival sulcus and the junctional epithelium which act as a physical barrier but also has an important value in immunity (innate) by expressing antimicrobial peptides (3, 4). The non-keratinized sulcular and junctional epithelia are the main barriers that prevent the microbial products from penetrating through the periodontal tissue. But these barriers have their drawback also, i.e. they are the sites where oral microbes attach. The multi-layered epithelia can act as impermeable barrier because of its tight junctions, which can open or close as large molecules and leukocytes pass. These tight junction proteins are mostly transmembrane proteins (11). In case of periodontitis, the epithelial lining is mostly losing the tight junction and easily permeable (12). Oral epithelia are exposed to various pathogenic and non-pathogeni...
Dental plaque is broadly classified as supragingival or subgingival based on its position on the tooth surface toward the gingival margin. Supragingival plaque is found at or above the gingival margin. Therefore, it can be further differentiated into coronal plaque, whi...
If you have diabetes, you probably know that uncontrolled blood sugar levels can negatively affect various organs in your body, including the heart, kidneys, nerves and eyes; however, did you know that inconsistent blood glucose levels can also lead to periodontal disease? Periodontal disease often leads to dental pain which can make chewing difficult. There is also the possibility of tooth loss.
Introduction: In Canada, general dental health is not part Canada’s national system of health insurance (Medicare) (1) except for some dental surgical procedures that are performed at hospitals. Since Oral health does not come under the Health Act about ninety-five percent of the oral health care services are offered on a fee-for-service basis. Oral health care is under provincial or territorial jurisdiction like other health care services and publically financed dental care programs provide the remaining five percent of oral health care services (2). Thus, majority of Canadians receive oral health via privately owned dental clinics. Privately owned dental care gives these services providers control over dental service charges, types of available treatment for the patients and number of follow-up appointment for treatments or routine care. Service users pay for the dental expenses from their own pockets or utilize insurance coverage (1).
Our analysis revealed that Affinis® had more dimensional stability in comparison to Panasil® and in the Panasil® impression material, the percentage of dimensional change was significant after 168 h. However, dimensional changes in all of the evaluation times were in the American Dental Association (ADA) standard range. Therefore, these materials had acceptable clinical dimensional stability for approximately 168 h. In the current study, impressions were made from stainless steel dies following the ADA specification for impression materials. This provides a protocol that can be easily replicated by others and it is the same as making a clinical
Dental hygiene is a dynamic and challenging career that offers team work, personal growth, and extraordinary benefits, and it is the perfect career for me. As a health care professional, the dental hygienist is an important member of the dental team providing patient care. Good qualities for a dental hygienist are compassion and enjoying talking to people which are two qualities that fit my personality. I love the thought of knowing I made a positive impact in a person's health. Becoming a dental hygienist professionally requires you to obtain an associate degree in dental hygiene. They affect the average American by educating them about dental care. A dentist helps people with their dental health, which can greatly impact a person’s day-to-day life.
This may be required in cases when the conventional root canal treatment is unable to save the tooth. It is a minor surgical procedure that involves the removal of the very tip of the tooth after which the gap is sealed. An apicoectomy also enables the endodontist to remove any infection or dead debris at the tip of the root. Once the canal is cleaned up and sealed, the risk of infection is very low. In some cases, the endodontist may use bone grafts or other implant techniques to assist with bone growth, especially in cases where the infection has left a big gap. In most cases, the tooth will be salvaged and normal function is
During restoration of an affected tooth, if any margins between the composite restoration and tooth of concern are open, micro-leakage can occur1. Micro-leakage is a phenomenon in dentistry resulting from imperfect bonding that allows the movement of bacteria and fluids between the restoration and tooth of interest2. When a composite restoration is placed and undergoes polymerization through curing, shrinkage occurs. Research has shown that the percent of gaps between composite restorations can be variable; between 14% and 54%3. This can lead to an increased risk for micro-leakage and is of concern to both the dentist and the patient. Other causes of micro-leakage that exist include: continuous light polymerization methods4 and prerestorative home bleaching5. The effects of micro-leakage include: increased sensitivity, secondary caries, discoloration of the composite material, restoration failure, and/or pulpal pathology or pulpal death1.