Compare and Contrast Imogene King and Halbert Dunn
Chelsea Castanar
Azusa Pacific University
UNRS 306 – Theoretical Frameworks in Nursing
Dr. Silao
August 16, 2017
Compare and Contrast Imogene King and Halbert Dunn The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate competence in theory analysis by comparing and contrasting a nursing theory belonging to Imogene King and a non-nursing theory belonging to Halbert Dunn.
Nursing Theorist – Imogene King
Imogene King published her first theory article based on nursing conceptual framework in 1964 in the journal titled Nursing Science (Alligood, 2014). Her Theory of Goal Attainment addresses each segment of the nursing process in order to focus on the outcomes of the patients through the nurse-patient relationship (Alligood, 2014). King understood four concepts that are centered on human beings: Health, interpersonal relationships, perceptions, and social systems. These interacting systems include different concepts to further explain the relevance of the goal attainment theory in nursing practice (McQueen, Cockroft, & Mullins, 2017). She understood these concepts to be present in every nursing situation and it was important to include them in mutual decision-making (Alligood, 2014).
McQueen, Cockroft, and Mullins (2017) discuss baby boomers becoming the
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Wellness is seen as a constantly changing process and is unique to each individual. Working within a positive and familiar environment at all times possible will also optimistically influence a person’s life and goal towards wellness. Dunn’s high level and wellness theory provides knowledge about the different contributions wellness has on individuals that are either with or without illness (McMahon & Fleury, 2012). Providing education about the importance of wellness can promote ongoing development and growth while introducing illness prevention strategies among different age
When Imogene King developed her Goal Attainment Theory she focused on the relationship between the nurse and the patient. When a patient seeks out health care the relationship between the patient and the nurse will play a crucial role in the patient’s outcome. For health promotion to occur the nurse and the patient must establish goals that are mutually agreed upon. The goals are establish when a positive interaction occurs between the nurse and patient. If the interaction is positive and effective the goals are more likely to be reached. Imogene King’s Goal Attainment Theory is broken down into a systematic framework to promote successful interactions between the nurse and patient. The framework includes the personal system, the interpersonal
Myers & Sweeney (2008) states, the wheel of wellness is a model that is gear towards the individual’s well-being in which body, mind, and spirit are linked as one so that the client and professional can live life to the fullest within social and natural norms. In addition, resilience for professionals is to know how to cope and come out of a stressful situation without any kind of remorse. Furthermore, prevention is to prevent disastrous of one’s life. For example, an individual needs to re-evaluate his or her life on a daily basis. According to Venart & Pitcher 2007 [Myers & Sweeney (2005] states, Wellness is an aftermath and a system, a primary aspiration for existing, and a way of life.
Sieloff, C. L., & Raph, S. W. (2011). Nursing theory and management. Journal of Nursing Management, 19(8), 979-980. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2834.2011.01334.x
Masters, K. (2011). Models and theories focused on nursing goals and functions. In J.B. Butts & K.L. Rich (EDs), Philosophies and theories for advanced nursing practice (pp. 404-409). Salisbury, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.
Walker, L.O., & Avant, K.C. (2005). Strategies for theory construction in nursing. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall.
Thorne, S. (2010). Theoretical Foundation of Nursing Practice. In P.A, Potter, A.G. Perry, J.C, Ross-Kerr, & M.J. Wood (Eds.). Canadian fundamentals of nursing (Revised 4th ed.). (pp.63-73). Toronto, ON: Elsevier.
Wellness is imperative to a healthy life. Sometimes, people do not really consider what makes up wellness, they simply think of it as being “well”. Wellness may be a state of being “well”, however, it incorporates different areas such as nutrition, health, safety, nurturing, and emotional stability. People must be healthy in all of these areas in order to achieve wellness. This is not an easy task for an adult, but definitely not for children.
The notion of health is contextual and an interactive, dynamic process between person and environment (Schim et al, 2007). Both wellness and illness are conceptualized by the ‘person’, existing on a continuum across the lifespan (Arnold & Boggs, 2001).
Walker, L. O. & Avant, K. C. (2011). Strategies for theory construction in nursing. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, Inc.
The grand theory to be analyzed in this paper is Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory (SCDNT). The method used to analyze Dorothea Orem’s theory is Walker and Avant Theory Analysis (WAT). Theory analysis is a process of evaluating a nursing theory. The WAT is comprised of seven steps. The steps are defining the origins, meaning, logic, usefulness, details, structure and testability of the theory (McEwen & Wills, 2011). “Critical reflection of a theory determines how well the theory serves its purpose” (McEwen & Wills, 2011, p.95). Therefore, a critical reflection will be applied to the SCDNT. The purpose of this paper is to analyze and critique the SCDNT using the WAT method of theory analysis.
King developed the theory of Goal Attainment based on her conceptual system for nursing practice in 1971 (MOSBY). She focused primarily on the ability to function in social roles and the assumption that the “focus of nursing is human beings interacting with their environment, leading to a state of health” (Alligood & Tomey, 2010, p. 292). She questioned the nature of nursing and concluded that “the way in which nurses, in their role, do with and for individuals... differentiates … [the nurse] from other health professionals” (Alligood & Tomey, 2010, p. 291). Using this principle, King observed nurse and patient interactions to design a model depicting theoretical principles which are ...
If one wants to live an enjoyable, fulfilling life they must know what it truly means to be well. Living a wellness lifestyle means incorporating all aspects of what it takes to flourish as a human being. It goes beyond the health of the physical body and incorporates the important social, emotional, and spiritual factors that play a part in every person’s life in one way or another. Knowing how to act correctly, control our feelings, channel our frustrations, and improve in each dimension of wellness will lead to a satisfactory life. Spiritual, physical, emotional, nutritional, and social wellness define the biggest components of life and thriving in them is vital.
Tomey, A.M., & Alligood, M.R. (2006). Nursing theorists and their work (6th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Saunders Elsevier.
Nursing theories and models are important because they assist nurses, and others within the practice, to decipher processes and practices of nursing. These models and frameworks form the foundation for describing when and why nursing takes place, critique nursing practices thereby promoting effective change, and foster proper understanding of the general direction of the nursing practice. Masters (2014) stated that nursing theories and frameworks are essential since they detail what nurses do and what they should do thus adding meaning and purpose to their work. Therefore, nursing theories and models provide a solid platform through which the nursing practice, the structure of nursing provision and action, and the interrelationships between the nurses and those they serve can be effectively
According to the text, wellness is defined as an "integrated and dynamic level of functioning oriented toward maximizing potential, dependent on self-responsibility. " It involves both preventive health behaviors and a shift in thinking and attitude. Wellness is a lifelong promise to oneself of growth and achievement in each of the seven dimensions: emotional, spiritual, physical, occupational, intellectual, environmental, and social. It means a lifetime of ongoing change and always striving toward higher levels of healthy and successful living. This means, ultimately, that one must live a life that caters to each of those dimensions, both individually and collectively.