Four major political ideologies dominate society, they are composed of Conservatives, Libertarians, Liberals, and Progressives. These ideologies each great influence the human services field both in its implementation and progression as well as in its reduction. Between these vastly differing ideologies, one must look at the underlying beliefs of each to understand how they influence, alter, and develop the human services field while also attempting to decide which is superior. Therefore, to understand each ideology a discussion about their stances on both equality and the free market will allow one to properly explain and understand how their followers think and how their beliefs influence and affect the human services field. Conservatives …show more content…
In terms of equality, libertarians believe in equality of opportunity and freedom, however this does not mean they believe in equality of circumstance or outcome. In fact, a libertarian acknowledges that inequality exists, but believes that it is up to an individual, no matter their beginnings/background, to improve their social position. A libertarian puts a heavy weight on individual freedom (sovereignty), that is, freedom to do as one would please without being directly hindered by others, and to act with freedom from coercion. (88) Therefore, libertarians stand against the notion of social equality in terms of equality of outcome, and instead value equality in terms of individual freedom. To a libertarian, the market should be as free as possible (minimal to no government intervention) and taxes should be kept to an absolute minimum. Libertarians believe that the choice in whether/how to aid others in society should be left up to the individual and, consequently, human services should be left solely to the private sector. Libertarians also stand unwaveringly against the notion of government funded social services due to their belief that one cannot be made more equal, that is, be aided through government funding, without hindering the freedom of other individuals. Thus, to a libertarian, individual freedom is of the …show more content…
Consequently, Progressives value equality of opportunity and outcome much more than the libertarian notion of individual freedom. Often elites themselves, Progressives see a need to improve the equality of opportunity and outcome for others through many social services, and stand as the greatest standard-bearer for their implementation. Thus, they tend to believe in universal human service programs accomplished through high taxes, redistribution of wealth, and large government. In terms of the free market, as demonstrated by renowned Progressive Teddy Roosevelt, Progressives tend to stand against the free market more than any of the other main ideologies. This is due to their belief that the free market produces unequal outcomes, and their higher priority being the desire to provide social security and safety through extensive reliance on government funded human services. Progressive themes that tend to limit the degree of freedom in the market include limiting big business, government regulation of business, placing land under government protection, and government assistance for labourers. To a Progressive, this would still result in a free market, perhaps more free than any other, as it would be a market based on ‘fair competition’. Progressive believe that society needs to take care of its own as its main priority and that human services should be both plentiful and
The Progressive Movement that occurred during the early 20th century was a time of major reform in the United States of America. During this time, there was a group of activists that referred to themselves as the Progressives, and they sought to change society for the people. The way that they intended to do this was change through their ideals of democracy, efficiency, regulation, and social justice. With this movement came the election that changed the course of America’s history “…demonstrating a victory for progressive reforms as both Progressive candidates accounted for 75 percent of all the votes” (Bowles). The candidates in this election were Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson.
Democracy stresses the equality of all individuals and insists that all men are created equal. Democracy does not persist on an equality of condition for all people or argue that all persons have a right to an equal share of worldly goods. Rather, its concept of equality insists that all are entitled to equality of opportunity and equality before the law. The democratic concept of equality holds that no person should be held back for any such arbitrary reasons as those based on race, color, religion, or gender. This concept of equality holds that each person must be free to develop himself or herself as fully as he or she can or cares to and that each person should be treated as the equal of all other persons by the law. We have come a great distance toward reaching the goal of equality for all in this country, but however close we are we are still at a considerable distance from a genuine universally recognized and respected equality for all. I will go into more details giving more information and making it clear to understand equality and civil rights for all and it affects everyone.
With the libertarian model, it’s a free market built for you to compete and win. Some find this unfair; because of people can be at a disadvantage. For example, race, sex, family success, etc. The egalitarian model is a model which states that “Since we can’t undo the inequities of the natural lottery, he writes, we must find a way to address the differences in the rewards that result from them.” (Arora 88). In other words, if a child was born into a rich family, a family with fame, then that child doesn’t deserve the rewards that he/she may receive. Some may find this unfair, because some believe if you work hard for it you should deserve your rewards. However, you can make a case that these rich kids has an easier path to reaping their rewards than a child born in poverty, perhaps. Most people tend to favor the United States current economic model, the meritocratic model. With this model, it focuses more on the equality of opportunity, and an effort to decrease socioeconomic disadvantages. So even if you were born in poverty, you can still make it to the top, you can
In the first two decades of the twentieth century the national political scene reflected a growing American belief in the ideas of the Progressive movement. This movement was concerned with fundamental social and economic reforms and gained in popularity under two presidents. Yet Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson espoused two different approaches to progressive reform. And each one was able to prevail upon congress to pass legislation in keeping with his own version of the progressive dream. These two people, although they had different principles in mind, had one goal: to make changes to the nation for the better of the people and the country. Setting out to reach this goal, Roosevelt came to be a president of the common man while Wilson became the “better” progressive president.
The intention of liberalism is to allow the individual to live as they choose, however, obstacles such as economic conditions and inequality often block the individual from realizing their full potential. Government programs are implemented to combat these obstacles and aid individuals in obtaining opportunity and liberty in society. The basic human rights of life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness according to the Constitution of the United States are guaranteed and it is the government’s role to protect those rights. The right to liberty can only be possible through the opportunity of realizing one’s full potential, and welfare programs make this possible for many citizens. These programs are set in place to help people in need of assistance,
In other words, “their main purpose is to pursue their own goals in life, although they still have duties to others.” (Hayes, 2015, p.103). Libertarians hold a high regard to the free market and believe that the economy can be beneficial to everyone, rather than when it is controlled by
People with serious socio-emotional and emotional disturbances are challenged in many aspects of life. Historically people of color with serious mental health related issues had little assistance and chances to having their needs met equally to Whites. In order to properly or adequately address the emotional and mental wellbeing of everyone on an equal basis, the stigma association must be removed from people of color.
In essence, libertarians believe that they have the right to that of aforementioned self-ownership. No involuntary act of interference can be enacted upon oneself, be that by another individual or that of the state. Though theories surrounding libertarianism are cloudy, Nozick’s political beliefs can in large be attributed to that of ‘right-libertarianism’. Everyone has the right to utilise natural resources in order to better their lives. What they do with them is entirely up to them as long as they are not harming or morally maltreating another member of society.
The effective Human Resource Management in an organization requires an exceptional standard set for motivation, job design, reward system and equity. Nowadays, people are more willing to avoid unfair treatment in the workplace than any other aspect. The fundamental concept behind Equity is an attempt to balance what has been put in and taken out at the workplace with a feeling of justice being served. Unconsciously, values are assigned to many various contributions made to the organization, hence causing an air of misbalance in the environment. There has always been a disparity in the view on the desirability or the cost effectiveness of policy measures. The importance of equity or reducing discrimination has gained a lot of attention in the labour market (Milkovich, Newman & Ratnam, 2009).
In 1963, President Kennedy signed the Equal Pay Act into law, making it unlawful to discriminate against a worker on the basis of sex. Since that time, the wage gap between men and women in the United States has narrowed by just 15 cents, now being 74 cents, as reported by the U.S. Census Bureau.
The most famous - and possibly one of the most radical - example of a Libertarian is Jean-Paul Sartre who was a part of the post WWII existentialist movement. He strongly believed that humans have the freedom to act and to choose saying “Man is condemned to be free; because once thrown into the world, he is responsible for everything he does”. If we accept that humans have free will, it is also saying that in any given situation, a person has complete control over what they choose and that if they were to be placed in the same situation again they could have acted or chosen
One approach that is thoroughly examined is the reluctant collectivist approach. This approach focuses on the free market economic structure. In other words, consumers can be involved in transactions freely, but government intervention is needed to regulate and control some aspects of social welfare. For example, income inequality is a huge issue in Canada, and the article “Div...
Employment, Inc is committed to a policy, as stated by the Federal Employment Equity, of achieving equality in the workplace so that no person is denied employment opportunities, pay or benefits for reasons unrelated to ability. Employment, Inc is therefore committed to equal employment opportunities, as stated by the Civil Rights Act of 1964, for all applicants and employees without regard to age, race, color, religion, national origin, sex, physical or mental disability or any other unlawful grounds. In order to ensure an equitable workplace, Employment, Inc abides by a number of objectives as required by law. These objectives consist of::Workforce Survey - a collection of data on existing employees and determine those that fall into one of the designated categories.
Integrating with the ethical principle of libertarian thinkers, the constitution of the state will provide political clarity to ensure a fair society. In turn, this begins to reinforce the principle of social anarchism within a state, ideologically outlined as; “We do not want to rob any one of his coat, but we wish to give to the workers all those things the lack of which makes them fall an easy prey to the exploiter.” (Kropotkin, 1990) The role of the social anarchism within the constitution will not be to promote anarchy, but to differentiate from total capitalist democracy and develop a system of governance where everyday decision-makers are mass society and not solely appointed individuals.
Equality is a concept mankind never is able to grasp correctly. Of course humans will always search for different solutions to create fairness, but factors such as human greed, ignorance of mass populations, and even biological aspects stagnates the process of equality. The oldest and most relevant discussion on equality lies with the difference of sex; man versus woman. Initially, men, because of their physical superiority, were given the prospects many women never even dreamt to have. Conversely, as time has progressed, women have fought this unfair treatment with demands of suffrage and similar rights to those of their male equivalents. Greatly enough, this generation has done an exceptional job in the challenge of overcoming sexism and inequality. However, will this search for equality ever end? When can we say we have created an equal race of men and women? The fact of the matter is that it is truly impossible to have equality between the sexes because of predisposed circumstances that are not easily controllable in the slightest bit.