ABSTRACT
After 70’s decade Dhaka city started as a densely populated mega city with high land scarcity for its ever growing population. Some opportunistic people take this advantage and make illegal constructions over the bank of river. These illegal constructions are increasing day by day and now turn into a sore called river encroachment. As a result, Dhaka city has been suffering from many socio-environmental problems including flooding, water logging and other related problems. The present study was conducted to assess the areas of illegal intrusion of navigable rivers and its canals over the period of 2001 to 2014, and unsupervised image classification was performed over the area of 200 meters by using the Arc GIS 10.1 and Google earth software,
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Since the prehistoric time, rive is the main attractive thing for the people for its charming beauty and waste disposal facility, for this reasons the human settlement, industries and the city was built near the river course. The most intensive interactions between human beings and the environment take place in cities and their peripheries (Raihan and Kaiser, 2012). The ever increasing population increases the pressure on land and makes the demand of land which results people to be influenced to break the law of encroachment of the river and thus makes the word “Encroachment’’ at second stage of eye sore then pollution. Dhaka is expanding apace, at an average rate of 4.24% per year and is projected to be the third largest megacity in the world by the year 2020 (Dewan and Yamaguchi, 2009).Encroachment and Pollution make the mega city Dhaka poisonous, and these are the reciprocal practice of Dhaka city which make the mega city unloving. The mighty river of Dhaka, the Buriganga that serves Dhaka city by conveying its waste and the drainage system
With urban population growth, both ecological and industrial consequences directly affect those in poverty and the urban poor. Slums usually develop in the worst types of terrain, and lead to flooding, landslides, and fires that destroy thousands of people’s homes. Yet population growth and the amounts of waste created by urban civilizations are also pushed on the hidden faces and locations of those on the outskirts of the cities. “If natural hazards are magnified by urban poverty, new and entirely artificial hazards are created by poverty’s interactions with toxic industries, anarchic traffic, and collapsing infrastructures” (Davis 128).
Bangladesh’s outlook for the environment is unwelcoming. Severely degraded is the result of the aquatic and floodplain ecosystems. Due to siltation, the process by which a path or channel is gradually choked or obstructed with silt, has made the wetland ecosystems lose connections with larger water bodies. “Poverty with rapid population growth, the absence of a proper land-use policy, and other forces compel people in Bangladesh to exploit natural resources” (Whyte 53). Natural events that have caused land loss are cyclones and floods while urban sprawl and infrastructure development have reduced land. Water pollution, arsenic concentration in groundwater, air pollution, and other natural disasters are all things that play into the environment of Bangladesh. Water pollution affects them because water availability is highly dependent in the physical geography of the country and monsoon climate. In the long run, the high levels of arsenic can cause serious health problems. These problems include skin ailments, damage to internal organs, skin and lung cancer, and finally, death. Vehicular emissions and industrial emissions are the two sources of air pollution. Air pollution has also been a serious problem causing 500,000 premature deaths and 4 to 5 million new cases of chronic bronchitis every year. Floods are...
" According to report by UNICEF on Ganges river water, there will be constant competition over water, between farming families and urban dwellers, enviro...
Rivers are the backbone of any country as it gives lives such as drinking water to plants and animals including human being, irrigation facilities for dry soil, water for industry, water for house need, and also in many ways. Rapid growth in industrialization to support the country’s growing population and economy has polluted our rivers like never before. Studies show that domestic and industrial sewage, agricultural wastes have polluted almost all of Indian rivers. Most of these rivers have turned into sewage carrying drains. This poses a serious health problem as millions of people continue to depend on this polluted water from the rivers. Water-borne diseases are a common cause of illness in India today. The bad effects
Bangladesh is one of flood prone countries and it is frequently hit by devastating cyclones, shocking flood and crippling droughts. Bangladesh has intricate river system with three major rivers- the Ganges, the Brahmaputra and the Meghana and it gives the country as a water resource. On the other hand, country is prone to flood disaster almost every year with wide variation in magnitude and intensity. Flood has been top severe disaster in Bangladesh with disastrous impacts to environment and socio-economic mostly.
Pollution is a global intimidation to the environment and it becomes an alarm word of today’s world. The swift growth of human populations fuelled by scientific developments in health and agriculture has led to a speedy increase in the environmental pollution. Water has a major impact on all aspects of human life, including but not limited to health, food, energy and the economy. The unprecedented inhabitants’ multiplies and the industrial development during the 20th century has not only increased the conventional solid and liquid waste pollutants to critical levels but also produced a range of previously unknown pollution problems for which the society was unprepared. Of the total 220 million deaths per year it was estimated that the causes of death in 12-20 million are due to water and non-fatal infections which is very high(2). The run- off flow is considered to be the freshwater source on which the people depend. The steady flow of fresh water was estimated at 12.700 to 16.000 km3 year which is 4200 km3 per year. It is used for freshwater irrigation, industrial and domestic purposes, and that is estimated to increase by a number of 4350-5200km3 per year . Alternatively, the available fresh water is only 0.5% of the worlds 1.4 billion km3 water, which is also poorly distributed throughout the world (3). There is a limited ability to increase the supply of drinking water due to the
The City of Jakarta is a lowland area with an average altitude of ±7 meters above sea level. It has a coast that stretches in the north from west to east faces the Java Sea. The Capital Territory has more than 110 islands and there are about 27 rivers/waterways/canals that are used as sources of drinking water, fisheries and urban businesses. The city is prone to many natural hazards, in this case, a risk-based land use planning is necessary.
Now a days environmental conditions of Dhaka is not in equilibrium.Air ,water and noise pollution are very dangerous for human health, ecosystem and economis growth of Dhaka.Environmental degradation of Dhaka is also caused due to poverty , overpopulation,and lack of awareness in the people of Dhaka .
The environment of Bangladesh is quite unique. The environment, including the geography, climate, and natural hazards have hampered development in the country. Bangladesh is located in the low-lying Ganges Delta. This delta is formed by the confluence of the Ganges, Brahmaputra, and Meghna rivers and their respective tributaries, which eventually empty into the Bay of Bengal. Bangladesh has 57 trans-boundary rivers. Most of these rivers are shared with India. This gives rise to conflict about water resources, especially water pollution issues.
Rapid growth in industrialization to support the country’s growing population and economy has polluted our rivers like never before. Studies show that domestic and industrial sewage, agricultural wastes have polluted almost all of Indian rivers. Most of these rivers have turned into sewage carrying drains. This poses a serious health problem as millions of people continue to depend on this polluted water from the rivers. Water-borne diseases are a common cause of illness in India today. The bad effects of river pollution are not limited to human population only. Pollution of river has affected animals, fish, and bird’s population, sometimes threatening their very existence. Polluted water seriously affects the reproductive ability of animal and fish species in rivers thus making them extinct in
2. Water pollution. The problem with water is not only over consumption, but also pollution. "More than 95% of urban sewage in developing countries is discharged untreated into the nearest wa...
Ganges River is considered one of the most polluted rivers in the world. Almost everyday around 264 million gallons of waste are dumped into the river. In the next 20 years this amount of waste is expected to increase at least 100%. The pollution in the Ganges comes both from people and industrial
Pollution of the Nile River in Egypt is one of the biggest problems today due to impact of human
India is one of the fastest growing economies in the world. Along with a growing economy India also has a population that is increasing significantly, which has a dramatic impact on land, air and water pollution. Though it is positive to have a fast growing economy, India has seen the negatives outweigh the positives. For example, the Ganges River has become one of the most polluted in the entire world. With the spiritual status given to the Ganges people will continue to use the water even though it has become extremely dangerous (Rogers). In addition, the growing deadly pollution issues and the rise in air pollution levels in India’s large cities have increased even more than Chinese urban areas. With the increase in people as well as a fast growing economy, there is now a tremendous amount of pressure on natural resources.
The Philippine government administration pronounced the Pasig River as the most vital waterway framework of Metro Manila in 1990 (Gorme, J.B. et al, 2010). Metro Manila, being the capital of the Philippines, is the most urbanized district in the country. Due to this fact it has been the home to many houses, businesses foundations and ventures. Along with the rapid increase of population, Metro Manila experienced a number of negative effects on the water quality of the Pasig River. The rise in population, rapid urbanization and industrialization, led to the illegal and improper disposal of solid waste and sewage into the river (Villahermosa, R.A.,