The country Ethiopia is well known for its Emperor Haile Selassie. Haile Selassie’s real name is Lij Tafari Makonnen and he was born 1892 and died 1975 (novelguide.com). He comes from one of the earliest lineage of royal families; King Solomon. He is the last of his bloodline to have power in Ethiopia. He was given power between 1930-1974. There was a war for Ethiopia by the Italians called the Battle of Adwa. The Italians wanted to gain land in Africa because the French and European were all trying to acquire land in Africa. Haile Selassie tried to go to the League of Nations for help. Help was refused and supposedly Ethiopia was later colonized. It is not well known if the Italians actually colonized Ethiopia but according to the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) Ethiopia was taken between the years 1936-1941 (cia.gov). The reason that it is hard to determine if the Italians had colonized Ethiopia is because it was not recognized fully by the league of Nations only some of the league recognized this (about.com). If they were even captured by the Italians then their independence was May 5, 1941 (about.com).
Since there is no surety in the colonization it is believed whatever struggles were there are still there today, passed on to government predecessors. “The Ethiopian economy is based on agriculture, Ethiopia contributes more than 80% of exports, and employs 85% of the population (state.gov).” Ethiopia’s major export is in coffee, is provides about 35% of earnings, which use to be more in the mid 1990’s. Other traditional major agricultural exports are leather, hides and skins, pulses, oilseeds, and the traditional "khat," a leafy shrub that has psychotropic qualities when chewed. Sugar and gold production has also become imp...
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LEWIN, A. (2002, August 15). Ethiopia. Retrieved from http://www.cwo.com/~lucumi/ethiopia3.html
Central Intelligence Agency, (2011). Ethiopia The World Factbook. Retrieved from https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/et.html#top
Lukunka, B. (2011, February 19). Border war changes lives. Retrieved from http://www.mssu.edu/international/mccaleb/Ethiopia/border.htm
Boddy-Evans, A. (2008, May 5). 5 may 1941 – ethiopia regains its independence. Retrieved from http://africanhistory.about.com/b/2008/05/05/5-may-1941-ethiopia-regains-its-independence.htm
Ethiopia gets imf loan to cope with global recession. (2009, August 29). Retrieved from http://www.allvoices.com/s/event-4029802/aHR0cDovL3N1ZGFudHJpYnVuZS5jb20vc3BpcC5waHA/YXJ0aWNsZTMyMjcx
The impact of the Structural Adjustment Programs imposed by International Financial Intuitions (IFIs) such as the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund on the developing countries of Africa has led to the destruction of Africa’s social sectors and has handicapped Africa in its fight with poverty, the AIDS pandemic, and keeping children in school.
Since Great Britain, France, Germany, Italy, and Russia were very large superpowers at that time Menelik II from Ethiopia wrote a letter to these countries. He was terrified that these countries were not going to protect Ethiopia any longer because they were very engrossed in dividing up Africa. In addition Ethiopia’s boundary on the sea fell into the hands of Muslims. Menelik hoped that through “Jesus Christ Ethiopia will regain its ri...
There have been many famines that have greatly impacted Ethiopia. One of the famine that is very famous in Ethiopian history and World history is known as the Great Famine. Due to the lack of the support of the government and other organizations, about one million people died of starvation. The conditions of Ethiopia in the beginning of 1984 were not well. “The Ethiopian government predicted that the agricultural yield of the nation was going to be considerably lower in at the beginning of 1984 because there had been less rainfall than expected. However, preventive measures were not taken by either the government or the rest of the world to prevent the mass starva...
Talton, Benjamin. "The Challenge of Decolonization in Africa." The Challenge of Decolonization in Africa. N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Apr. 2014.
New Imperialism began in the last quarter of the nineteenth century and was a time when European powers began to pursue a structured (more formal) political control over other areas. Yet it is important to keep in mind that informal empires tend to have an expiration date. As time progresses, history shows us that one of the parties involved will start pushing for change, whether that change is for power or independence is based on the side that provoked the change. In this case, the party that pushed for change was the superior one. The push for power was motivated by greed and an overwhelming desire to control every aspect of valuable foreign areas. One of the biggest moments in the history of colonization was the ‘Scramble for Africa’, as historians (and Professor Hopkins) refer to it as. As slaves were the biggest resource of the time, the banning of slave trade in Africa in the early nineteenth century caused European disinterest in continent that they were once heavily dependent on. Although there were localized replacements, like ivory trading, they were not as effective in keeping Europe’s interest. As a result, Africa was desperate to be relevant again, their economy depended on it. Because of the ban on the slave trade, there was a sudden demographic collapse of middle aged persons, which was also counterproductive to the growth of the continent. Before the scramble, Africa was naturally
European imperialism in Africa caused Africans to lose their independence and culture. After a long time, “the wave of Independence across Africa in the 1950s and 1960s brought to the end around 75
Chad is one of the poorest countries on the African continent. Chad's economy is mostly agricultural and eighty percent of Chad's population relies on subsistence farming and livestock rising as their livelihood, cotton farming, growing sorghum, millet, groundnuts, vegetables, and fruits (Azevedo, Graham, and Nnadozie, 1997). The other twenty percent of Chad's population works in the services industry such as, manufacturing, services, and the military.
The "Finance and Development" IMF. Equality and Efficiency, Sept. 2011. Web. The Web. The Web.
Africa has had a long and tumultuous road of colonization and decolonization the rush to colonize Africa started in the 17th century with the discovery of the vast amounts of gold, diamonds, and rubber with colonization hitting a fever pitch during World War I. However, the repercussions of colonization have left deep wounds that still remain unhealed in the 21st century. Early on, European nations such as Britain, Portugal, Spain, Italy, Germany and Belgium scrambled for territories. Countries wanted land so they could harvest the resources, increase trade, and gain power. The European colonization of Africa brought racism, civil unrest, and insatiable greed; all of which have had lasting impacts on Africa.
the effect that the work of the IMF and the World Bank have had on the
Davidson, Basil. Modern Africa A Social and Political History. Ney York: Longman Group UK Limited, 1983.
At the end of WWII is when decolonization was brought up as a serious topic of discussion. Over 200,000 Africans had fought in Europe and Asia for the Allies’ freedom and democracy which showed quite the contradiction. They were fighting for something that wasn’t even going to truly benefit them. In 1945 is when the 5th Pan African Conference met to go over the possibility of granting back independence to the colonized areas. Ghana played a significant role during the decolonization process in Africa because Ghana was the first Sub-Saharan African majority government to gain independence in 1957. Not only did Ghana gain independence, but they did this by acting nonviolently. For years following th...
Coffee has its history as far back of the 9th century .It is believed to be originated in Ethiopia, particularly in the south western parts of the country called Kaffa (Wilson p-45) . The etymology of coffee presumed to be taken was from kaffa where it was originated.
The Scramble for Africa was a period of time where major European countries fought over and colonized land in Africa, stretching from South Africa to Egypt. The scramble for Africa began shortly after the slave trade, and ended at WW1, and is a strong representation of the ‘New Imperialism’. The first country to act was Belgium, who colonized Congo at 1885, but soon, other countries such as Portugal and Great Britain joined in in order to not miss out. Firstly, the European could not colonize Africa easily, due to Africa’s giant land mass and the diseases that spread throughout the land. But then, came the Steam train, Maxim guns and new cures for diseases that paved the way for the Europeans to control Africa. Since one of the reasons Europeans wanted to colonize Africa was that they wanted to ‘civilize’ the people, the leader of Germany, Otto Von Bismarck, decide that they have a conference to split the land and not fight each other. Soon, in 1914, nearly all African countries were colonized by Europeans except for Ethiopia and Liberia. Different countries had different styles of colonization. For example, France was less eager to let the African chiefs take control of their colonies than Britain, who set up a African Government to their colonies. Basically, the scramble for Africa was a period of time when European countries colonized Africa.