Empathy In Bharati Muukherjee's 'A Father'

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In her short story “A Father”, Bharati Mukherjee presents the altercation of a man against his wife and daughter as he attempts keep his religious traditions alive despite his wife and daughter’s Americanized ways of living. Modern American culture is no longer dominated by the male gender and women are beginning to make their way up in society. The issues existing amongst the Bhowmick family force them to struggle upholding the traditional Hindu culture Mr. Bhowmick has practiced throughout his entire life. Although several aspects of the story foreshadow the tragic ending of Mukherjee’s work, by writing the story in the point of view of Mr. Bhowmick, the author creates empathy towards the character while also displaying the ironic significance of the female. If one were to read a news story about an immigrant father beating his pregnant daughter into a miscarriage, they could assume the man was a monster. However, Bharati Mukherjee refutes this view by telling her work, “A Father” from the point of view of Mr. Bhowmick, presenting him as a victim of his own patriarchal culture and superstitions, creating empathy for him despite his horrifying actions.
Throughout “A Father”, Mukherjee allows the readers to feel empathy for Mr. Bhowmick, a lonely Hindu man who is forced to leave, what he thought was a fulfilling life in Bombay and move to America. Mr. Bhowmick describes his relationship with his wife, who, as a result of the story’s point of view, seems to be the irritating character. After reciting his prayers Mr. Bhowmick angrily claims, “She was agnostic, a believer in ambition, not grace,” (Mukherjee, 1985, p.318). Mr. Bhowmick’s commitment to his religion allows him to portray his wife as evil for making his daily pra...

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...illain. Mukherjee attempts to alter our opinions of this father by conveying her work through Mr. Bhowmick’s point of view. By creating the father as the victim initially, one creates a sympathetic outlook towards him. Refuting the point of view, allowing the readers to feel empathy for Mr. Bhowmick, while using the literary technique of foreshadowing, provides clues allowing the readers to replace their feelings of empathy for him with suspicion. The final passage of Mukherjee’s story employs a plot twist and ensures Mr. Bhowmick’s evil character. “Mr. Bhowmick lifted the rolling pin high above his head and brought it down hard on the dome of Babli’s stomach,” (p. 324). Although the readers may begin to perceive Mr. Bhowmick for his evilness, Mukherjee’s use of point of view continues to create empathy, allowing the male patriarchal society to shine through.

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