In the original Greek "oikos" means,
"house". So ecology is "the study of the house" the place where you live, or the environment which technically includes all those factors, both nonliving and living, that affect an organism. Ecology then is the study of the interactions of organisms in their environment includes both the living (biotic) and physical (abiotic) factors of the environment. It's also the science, which formulates and tests hypotheses about environment. Ecology is the relationships, identification and analysis of problems common to all areas. Ecology studies the population and the community, evaluates cause and effects of the responses of populations and communities to environmental change.
POPULATIONS The population is defined as an assemblage of individuals of a single species that live in the same place at the same time. Also, biologists add an additional condition: the individuals in a population must interact with each other to the point of being able to interbreed.
Population is important to understanding many important ecological and evolutionary phenomena.
Ecologists can use information from population ecology to predict the success of a given species or assemblage of species. One attribute of populations that is observed in nature is their dispersion, or the way in which individuals are distributed in a given area. Typically, biologists refer to three types of dispersion: - Clustered
(aggregated), Regular (evenly spaced), Random
(irregularly spaced) Populations showing a clustered pattern are common in nature and are found among many different types of organisms.
Clustered dispersion patterns are often due to environment heterogeneity. Regular dispersion patterns are relatively rare in nature and occur when a resource is scarce. A good example of regular spacing occurs in animals that exhibit territoriality, a phenomenon in which animals establish an area for themselves and fight off all other individual seeking to invade that area.
Regular dispersion patterns can also be observed in plants. Random patterns can be found in a variety of organisms (trout in lake or maple trees in a forest). Regardless of which organisms, the number of births almost always has the potential to be greater than the number of deaths. In other words populations of all species have the capacity to grow. That property is crucial importance to the success of all species. However, all species will not increase under all circumstance, but instead they can, given appropriate conditions. There are two models of population growth: the exponential model and the logistic model. One of the most basic models of population biology is the exponential growth equation, which is: )N/)t = rmaxN This equation states that, in a growing population, the rate of change in population size is determined by the maximal intrinsic rate of increase (rmax) multiplied by the number of individuals in that population (N).
Ecology is defined as a “system theory used to describe and analyze people and other living systems and their
Now-a-day, biometric authentication system or simply biometric system, offers a reliable and user-friendly solution to the problem of identity management by establishing the identity of an individual based on “who the person is”, rather than the knowledge-based i.e. “what the person knows" or token-based i.e. “what the person carries” (Jain et al., 1999). The word biometrics is derived from the Greek words bios (meaning life) and metron (meaning measurement); biometric identifiers are measurements from living human body (Maltoni et al., 2003). Biometric system refers to automatically identify or verify an individual's identity based on his physiological characteristics (e.g. fingerprints, face, iris and hand geometry) and behavioral characteristics (e.g. gait, voice and signature) (Figure 2.1). Ancillary characteristics (also known as soft biometric) such as gender, ethnicity, age, eye color, skin color, scars and tatoos also provide some information about the identity of a person. However, soft biometric traits do not provide sufficient evidence to precisely determine the identity (Jain et al., 2004a). Biometric traits provide a unique and permanent binding between an individual and his identity. This “binding" cannot be easily lost, forgotten, shared or forged and free from making false repudiation claims. Biometrics offers several advantages over conventional security measures. These include
It is easy to think of biometrics as the future science technology are always happened in some fictions, associated with solar car and clones together. In fact, it has long history that people understood the basic principle and application of the biometric. Thousands of years ago, the people of the Nile basin used the biometric in everyday transactions (such as scarring, skin tone, eye color, height, etc.) for identification. Of course, they had no any automatic electronic identification system, or computer network, but the principle is similar.
Eutrophication is, in the simplest terms, too much of a good thing. It occurs when too many nutrients are deposited into a body of water, throwing off the established balance of production and consumption of organic matter. Eutrophication can take place in ponds, lakes, rivers, and oceans. At first, the overload of nutrients in the body of water encourages plant growth. However, soon this excess of organic material uses up most of the available oxygen in the water, taking it away from the other plants and animals. These other organisms can no longer survive with such depleted oxygen levels and die off, creating what is referred to sometimes as a "dead zone", devoid of life.
By definition Biometrics are automated methods of recognizing a person based on a physiological or behavioral characteristic (Campbell, 1995). More and more businesses are now using biometrics as a preferred measure over traditional methods involving passwords and PIN numbers for 2 reasons; The person being identified is required to be physically present at the point of identification; Identification based on biometrics techniques removes the need to remember a password or to carry other identification (Watrall, 10/14/03). The need for biometrics can be found in federal, state and local governments, in the military, and in commercial applications (Campbell, 1995). Enterprise-wide network security infrastructures, government IDs, secure electronic banking, investing and other financial transactions, retail sales, law enforcement, and health and social services are already benefiting from these technologies (Campbell, 1995).
Biometric is a device that can recognize someone 's unique physical trait, for example fingerprints, eyeball, face, or voice and it uses them as a means of authentication to gain access to something. Hackers can never gain access to someone’s privacy who uses biometric as a means of gaining access to his/her privacy. Biometric is the surest thing that can never be compromised, if it’s being done correctly because it is attached to the natural inbuilt quality of the user. In order for hackers to use it, they must go through an extra ordinary mile which could lead to other crimes like kidnapping or
In Tennessee Williams' play, The Glass Menagerie, each character attempts to escape the real world by creating their own “reality”. Laura hides from the world by magnifying her illness. Tom convinces himself that his needs supersede the needs of his family. Amanda focuses almost exclusively on the past - when she saw herself as a desirable southern belle. Even Jim focus his hopes on recapturing his good old high school days. Each character transposes their difficult situations into shadows of the truth.
Since the beginning of time, humans have always had some type of relationship with nature, whether it was negative or positive. Adam & Eve were exiled from paradise for eating from the forbidden tree. Neanderthals flourished living in caves while having constant interactions with nature. And now in this day in age the relationship continues. This ever-changing relationship between man and nature is the main focus of two writers, Wendell Berry and Terry Tempest Williams. Both writers have a similar voice and style in some aspects, yet differ in others.
The Glass Menagerie, by Tennessee Williams, is a prime example of a classic drama, infusing powerful themes with compelling characters to draw the reader in and allow them to connect. William’s character Laura plays a large part in accomplishing this, particularly in Scene VII, when she converses with Jim. This scene is especially important to the story as a whole, and helps develop Laura’s character and the theme of conformity. This theme, that to be accepted by society one must conform, is prevalent throughout the story, but centers around this portion of the play specifically. The conversation between Laura and Jim is a pivotal part of the drama that is very impactive and provides substance for the theme and character development in the rest of the drama.
The Glass Menagerie, a play by Tennessee Williams, is well written with a significant/influential theme, an engaging plot, and a cast of eclectic characters. The play contains four main characters: Amanda, the mother, Tom, the son, Laura, the daughter, and Jim, the gentleman caller. Throughout the play Amanda wishes for Laura to find a husband, even though she is shy and crippled. Tom is the man of the house, meaning that he is obligated to pay the bills. Tom must push his dreams of being a poet in order to do this. Amanda, towards the end of the play, persuades Tom to invite one of his supposedly single coworkers to dinner to meet Laura. In scene seven, several unexpected events transpire that astonishes the audience, such as Jim having a fiancé and Tom leaving Amanda and Laura. The beginning portion of the last scene of The Glass Menagerie contributes to the audiences understanding of Luara, the theme of the play, and the play as a whole.
The term biometrics is commonly known as the field of development of statistical and mathematical methods applicable to data analysis problems in the biological sciences. Though, even more recently it has taken on a whole new definition. Biometrics is an amazing new topic referring to “the emerging field of technology devoted to the identification of individuals using biological traits, based on retinal or iris scanning, fingerprints, or face recognition”. Biometrics has already begun using applications that range from attendance tracking with a time clock to security checkpoints with a large volume of people. The growing field of biometrics has really been put on the map by two things, the technological advances made within the last 20 years, and the growing risk of security and terrorism among people all over the world. In this paper I will focus on: the growing field of biometrics, why it is important to our future, how the United States government has played a role in its development and use, the risks involved, the implications on public privacy, and further recommendations received from all over the science and technology field.
Environmental Studies is the academic field, which systematically studies human interaction with the environment in which we live in. It is a broad field of study that includes the natural environment, built environment, and the sets of relationships between them. Environmental studies takes into account many different factors that help provide an enjoyable, fruitful way of life, such as national policies, politics, laws, economics, sociology and other social aspects, planning, pollution control, natural resources, and the interactions of human beings and nature.
People are concerned with the storage and vulnerability of the information contained within the biometrics data. As it is with other personal private information stored on server, the storage data will need to be encrypted to prevent unauthorized use of the biometric data. It will be like it is with personal information on the server, companies will need to protect the information and follow procedure for if there is a breach. Biometric data may be vulnerable to theft and abuse just as information found on servers can be used with identity theft Organizations will need to ensure they protect the biometric data they use and fix any vulnerability if and when they are found immediately. The other concern is with authenticity of the biometrics. Finger printing readers can be fooled and to migrate issues with this would be to use other security features than a fingerprint alone such as password or other type of biometrics. False positives and false negatives is another issue with authenticity, however the issue can be migrated by installing updated software when it is released. As new software comes up, the updates make the recognition software more sophisticated and will create less false positives and false negatives. Linking information to data can be a concern because people may not want some information linked with their
‘Nature abounds with example of mathematical concepts’ (Pappas, 2011, .107). It is interesting how much we see this now we know, regarding the Fibonacci Sequence, which is number pattern where the first number added to itself creates a new number, then adding that previous number to the new number and so on. You will notice how in nature this sequence always adds up to a Fibonacci number, but alas this is no coincidence it is a way in which plants can pack in the most seeds in a small space creating the most efficient way to receive sunlight and catches the most
The branch of science that deals with how living things, including humans, are related to their surroundings is called ecology . The Earth supports some 5 million species of plants, animals, and microorganisms. These interact and influence their surroundings, forming a vast network of interrelated environmental systems called ecosystems. The arctic tundra is an ecosystem and so is a Brazilian rain forest. The islands of Hawaii are a relatively isolated ecosystem. If left undisturbed, natural environmental systems tend to achieve balance or stability among the various species of plants and animals. Complex ecosystems are able to compensate for changes caused by weather or intrusions from migrating animals and are therefore usually said to be more stable than simple ecosystems. A field of corn has only one dominant species, the corn plant, and is a very simple ecosystem. It is easily destroyed by drought, insects, disease, or overuse. A forest may remain relatively unchanged by weather that would destroy a nearby field of corn, because the forest is characterized by greater diversity of plants and animals. Its complexity gives it stability.