The health care system within Australia is divided between two Government levels, the Commonwealth, and the State and Territories, which govern the policies and legislations of health care (Department of Health 2008). The states predominately revolve around providing health services within the public sector (National Health and Hospital Reform Commission 2009). Whereas the Commonwealth Government revolves around funding health services, such as funding support to the state for pharmaceutical reimbursements, free public hospital care and subsided age care for patients (National Health and Hospital Reform Commission 2009). Though the two levels of government allow for the distribution of health funding to be shared between them, this benefit …show more content…
This is often difficult to achieve due to level of understanding achieved by the patient, and their level of interest for the examination. In this case, the patient stated their disinterest in the examination and the risks associated to it. The case Rogers vs. Whitaker (1992), declares the duty to disclose information regarding the examination exists as a minimum legal obligation, regardless of the patients interest in the procedure. Therefore the need to explain to the patient the legal requirements and duty of care as a health professional is important as the patient is required to make an informed decision prior to undergoing an examination. Hence the need to explain to the patient that their decision to precede with the examination would be rendered meaningless if all relevant information to the procedure was not explained (Rogers v Whitaker 1992). Furthermore, due to the invasive nature of a hysterosalpingram, and the need to perform it transabdominally, it is often intrusive for the patient. Therefore the need to examination to the patient is required, as it can often be associated or construed with having sexual intentions, rather than the examination being performed in a professional manner (Australian Institute of Radiography 2007). The need to also explain the risks associated with the examination is recognized by law that it is the duty of doctor’s to inform a patient of material risks that could be inherited in the procedure, as the risks could attach significance, and result in the patients unwillingness to undergo treatment (Rogers v Whitaker 1992). Therefore the need for a doctor to fulfil their duty of care is required to limit harm suffered by a patient as a result of a doctor’s
American Medical Int’l, Inc. According to this theory, individuals’ decisions are guided by what they are supposed to do, not by consequences or effects. That is to say, a person’s action is ethically right if it coincides with a prevailing moral duty (“Deontological Ethics,” 2007). In the dilemma involving the patient Riser, Dr. Lang violated the theory of deontological ethics by not performing his duty of acquiring informed consent from the patient. By standard of conduct, Dr. Lang was supposed to present a consent form to Riser prior to the operation that would explain the procedure of a femoral arteriogram (although it was supposed to be bilateral arteriograms instead) and thoroughly explain the possible benefits and risks of the procedure. As a result, the patient should have the right to decide whether the femoral arteriogram should be performed or not. However, Riser was not aware of the femoral arteriogram at all. Therefore, deontological ethics should have been followed, which would advise Dr. Lang to follow the ethical duties of a healthcare professional, and those include obtaining informed consent from the
...rofiles of Health Care Systems, The Commonwealth Fund, June 2010. Retrieved April 20th, 2011 from website: http://www.commonwealthfund.org/~/media/Files/Publications/Fund%20Report/2010/Jun/1417_Squires_Intl_Profiles_622.pdf
It has one of the highest life expectancies in the world. In order to prevent the smallpox epidemic, the early health care developed in Australia was in 1788, after the arrival of Captain Arthur Phillip and the First Fleet with the establishment of NSW public hospital. Eventually, in 1984 a universal public health insurance scheme; Medicare was introduced to provide free or subsidized treatment. A visit to a GP in Australia costs about $50-$80 , when they are sick. About half of the money is reclaimable through a nationwide Medicare insurance Scheme. Whereas, prescribed drugs mostly are funded through Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) to the residence of Australia, as well as certain foreign visitors. Moreover, treatment in public hospitals is completely covered by Medicare, though people with private health insurance often choose to use private hospitals. For the people in Australia, Australia’s healthcare is delivered in three different areas such as Hospitals (private and public), Primary health care and other recurrent care (AIHW,
The poor health of the Australian Aboriginals and Torres Strait Islanders is well known. Since the 1970s, mortality rates have been declining, but life expectancy has not changed and the gap between the Aboriginal population and the total Australian population has widened. This pattern contrasts with that of the Indigenous population of Canada where marked improvements in health have occurred. From that standpoint, this paper will discuss the important issues of health care inequalities that exist with the Aboriginals in Australia and compare them to those which subsist in the First Nations of Canada.
This essay will critically analyse Care Programme Approach (CPA) assessment and care plan in an OSCE I undertook. By utilising the CPA and sources of current literature, I hope to demonstrate my knowledge and understanding in relation to this skill as well as identifying areas with scope for learning.
When dealing with an ethical dilemma, social workers usually reference back to Reamers 7-step process to help with ethical decision-making. In the given case study, we meet Lori a bright fourteen-year-old who is smart, involved in school activities, and sports. She has had a non-normative impacted life since she was young, such as her mother dying of breast cancer and father dying as well. She has no immediate family and was lucky enough to be placed in a foster home with a family who loves her and wants the best for her.
Within the U.S. Healthcare system there are different levels of healthcare; Long-Term Care also known as (LTC), Integrative Care, and Mental Health. While these services are contained within in the U.S. Healthcare system, they function on dissimilar levels.
Willis, E, Reynolds, L & Keleher, H 2012, Understanding the australian health care system, Mosby Elesvier, Chatswood, NSW.
Health coverage provides security for both individuals as well as families in situations when medical need arises. This is a fact well known by Australians. Vast of the population, however, are unknowledgeable on how to find the best values when evaluating health policies.
In the contrary, governments have the responsibility of ensuring all the citizens access quality health care, more so in public health facilities (Duckett, 2008). Despite the various forms taken by health care systems in the world, they seem to have common goals. These goals include the good health of their populations, equity and equality in health care funding among others. To achieve these goals, the functions to be executed include the generation of more resources, delivery of health services, and good leadership/management. This paper explores the Australian health care system, particularly its challenges, strengths, weaknesses, and the proposed reforms.
A) Assess if caregiver continues to see value in taking the lead regarding school and youth educational needs
The standard of care is an anthropomorphic concept of justice. It is the degree of care a prudent person would carry out in a specific circumstance. As a general test the standard of care required is an objective one, which is of a ‘reasonable person’. The reasonable person deals with the question: What would a reasonable person have foreseen in the particular circumstance? Therefore the defendant is required to take as much care as a reasonable person would have taken in his position. However, in circumstances to deal with intentional tort, the court may apply subjective test.
Disclosure of pertinent medical facts and alternative course of treatment should not be overlooked by the physician in the decision making process. This is very important information impacting whether that patient will go along with the recommended treatment. The right to informed consent did not become a judicial issue ...
The Australian government funds and administers Medicare, its primary health insurance scheme, in order to offer subsidy for the accessibility of specialized doctors as well as free hospital and pharmaceutical services for in and out-patients (Healy et al. 16). Around 60% of primary health care providers’ wages also come from the patients’ co-payments and taxes (Marrone 195, AIHW Editors). Moreover, the Australian Aboriginals were given the opportunity to implement their rights to control the local health services. The Northern Territory Well Women’s Program operated by a large population of Aboriginal women, for instance, has reached competent rates of cervix screening (by 61%) in the Alice Springs remote area. The Geraldton Regional Aboriginal Medical Service has organized a mental health project in order to decrease the incidence of psychiatric cases among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people by 58%. The Aboriginal women also continues to handle another program, the Townsville Aboriginal and Islander Health Service’s Mums and Babies project, with the goal of increasing the number of antenatal visits made by each woman, thereby significantly reducing prenatal deaths and premature births since 2000. The Daruk Aboriginal Community Controlled Medical Service in Western Sydney has the primary goal of increasing the consciousness of Aboriginal women
Increasing access to healthcare services for all Australians, particularly those of great disadvantage such as Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders and promoting a shared care model by making better use of health staff through increasing individuals access to allied health care and working in multidisciplinary teams (Bennett 2013). Also taking on a more patient-centered approach to care to increase patient involvement and promote self-management (Harris & Zwar 2007). Furthermore, a focus more on the prevention, screening and early interventions of chronic illness rather than curative measures can prove as a beneficial change for the Australian health system (Harris & Zwar 2007). By incorporating these factors, the care for individuals with chronic illnesses can be enhanced leading to better health outcomes for patients, protecting the quality of life and wellbeing of Australians as well as reducing the healthcare costs (Harris & Zwar