Drumming Experiment Ahmet Tibik
Introduction: A drum is a musical instrument played by the striking of hands or sticks. It is played individually and can be hit on the sides for a higher pitched sound or smacked in the middle for a low pitched sound (https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drum Last edited, today 29th of October). The sound waves travel through the drum and reach our ear vibrating in the air.
Aim: Which different sized cup will make a higher or a lower pitched sound.
Hypothesis: To analyse whether the changing of cups will change the frequency as the surface area and volume will differ per change. The wave equation Velocity=Frequency/Wavelength
(www.ajdesigner.com/phpsound/sound_wave_equation_length_frequency.php Last edited,2015.)
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Variables:
Dependent variable: The cup number, 1-4.
Independent variable: Frequency measured in hertz (Hz).
Controlled variables: Strength of the hit.
Strength of the paper, background noise and stable microphone.
Materials:
Small plastic cup (10.5cm tall, 9.8cm diameter),
Big plastic cup (13cm tall, 9.8cm diameter),
Small round plastic container (6cm tall, 11.8cm diameter),
Large round plastic container (11cm tall, 11.8cm diameter),
Baking paper to cover the all four cups,
Rubber bands to keep the baking paper on the cup, a pen to smack the drums,
Spectrum Analyzer app on an IOS device from the AppStore to record the frequency.
Method:
1. Name the cups 1-4 smallest to biggest.
2. Grab one of the cups and wrap baking paper around it.
3. Use a rubber band to secure the baking paper on the cup.
4. Repeat steps 1-3 until every cup is done.
5. Open the Spectrum Analyzer app in IOS device.
6. Hit the cup, press the pause button on the Analyzer app and take a screenshot. 7. Repeat step 6 until every cup is done.
8. Inspect the graph and record the results on a table.
Results:
Discussion: After numbering our cups 1-4 I was expecting 1 to be the highest pitch and 4 to be the lowest pitch.I thought this due to the fact that 1 had the lowest surface area and the lowest
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These results could be inaccurate and be caused by other issues such as the imperfectness of the
Spectrum Analyzer iPad app as the iPad microphones are simple microphones used to record usual sounds imperfectly. If it is used for measuring frequency perfectly, a tool designed for the job will be a lot better, for example a Frequency Meter. If we had access to this tool we could have gotten perfect results and correct hypothesis. Also plastic isn't the best material to be used for measuring frequency and it is a lot easier to be measured on glass as it is stable and can allow vibrations to travel accurately without the energy being wasted on the cup vibrating too much.
Conclusion: This experiment was a good teaching for us to learn more about the sound waves, but there were downs as this experiment wasn't too accurate due to the inaccuracy of the Spectrum
Analyzer app and the use of plastic over glass didn't allow the frequency to be more accurate.
References:
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drum Last edited, today 29th of October by Ababcdc1. www.ajdesigner.com/phpsound/sound_wave_equation_length_frequency.php Last edited,2015 unknown by
Percussion has evolved from a small category to a wide variety of simple and technical instruments. Percussion is a category of musical instruments that is played using the hands or with a handheld stick/beater. Percussion started thousands of years ago when people played rhythms on random objects to please their friends and scare their enemy’s. People over the years discovered different ways to hit the objects.
...e been beneficial to the experiment. An error may have occurred due to the fact that measurements were taken by different individuals, so the calculations could have been inconsistent.
and all under about the same tension, so why do they put out sound of
Briefly stated, the outer ear (or pinna) 'catches' and amplifies sound by funneling it into the ear canal. Interestingly, the outer ear serves only to boost high frequency sound components (1). The resonance provided by the outer ear also serves in amplifying a higher range of frequencies corresponding to the top octave of the piano key board. The air pressure wave travels through the ear canal to ultimately reach and vibrate the timpanic membrane (i.e.-- the eardrum). At this particular juncture, the pressure wave energy of sound is translated into mechanical energy via the middle ear.
notes, quarter note stabs, eighth notes and triplets (1/16th’s). The kick is always on the first beat
There can be percentage errors and uncertainties or heat loss in surrounding while executing the experiment.
The instrument that will be analysed in this report is the acoustic guitar. An acoustic guitar is any guitar that uses acoustics as a means to transmit the strings vibrational energy to the air to produce a sound. The sound from an acoustic guitar is initiated by the strings. When plucked with the fingers or a plectrum it creates vibrational energy which is then transferred to the soundboard or soundbox. Without the soundboard the string alone would not be able to produce much sound as it would just cut through the air without causing much disturbance, but since the soundboard is large and flat it moves the air easier, this process is called mechanical impedance matching. This increases the systems energy transfer efficiency and produces a much louder sound.
After each group member performed 20 trials for each type of glassware, we were able to use percent error and standard deviation to determine which types of glassware are accurate and precise. In this experiment, it was important to measure the temperature of the water in order to record accurate densities, which can impact the mass of the water.
Nearly all soprano and piccolo clarinets have keywork enabling them to play the E below middle C as their lowest written note (in scientific pitch notation that sounds D3 on a soprano clarinet or C4, i.e. concert middle C, on a piccolo clarinet), though some B♭ clarinets go down to E♭3 to enable them to match the range of the A clarinet.[8] On the B♭ soprano clarinet, the concert pitch of the lowest note is D3, a whole tone lower than the written pitch. Most alto and bass clarinets have an extra key to allow a (written) E♭3. Modern professional-quality bass clarinets generally have additional keywork to written C3.[9] Among the less commonly encountered members of the clarinet family, contra-alto and contrabass clarinets may have keywork to written E♭3, D3, or C3;[10] the basset clarinet and basset horn generally go to low.
This hypothesis was also not supported by the data that we collected as well. Once again, the data that we collected was opposite to the data, since
It was probably either not functioning right or had not been adjusted correctly. If another balance scale was used for the procedure maybe the data could have been more accurate. To continue, another mistake that could have lead to poor data was when pouring the unknown metals into the graduated cylinder to measure the volume, some metals had fell to the ground and only the seen metals was picked up. Some of the metals could have been left on floor after measuring. This loss of metal may have resulted in losing a few grams of the unknown metal. This could have been avoided if the procedures were taken more carefully and slowly whereas no mistakes could've happened. Just like in any experiment, there are errors just like there was in this experiment. The lesson is to learn and improve from the errors on the previous experiments. To improve from the errors, is to use a modern balance scale to recieve a more accurate results. Most objects disfunction as time goes by. Also, the measurements could have been more precise. A more precise measurement could lead to a more accurate calculation. When having a time frame for a procedure, knowing how to manage your time and not rushing through the steps could help the experiment be a success. In every experiment there will be errors that will carry on and remember to not repeat the mistakes
The Scholar: I think that's more a function of sound wave vibration than anything else.
Despite what many may think, percussion is well known across hundreds of nations all over the world. Percussion has been around for centuries, and it has a very important meaning in the lives of many. It would be safe to assume that Percussion will be around for a long time as well, and play an important part in the lives of many people. Most people see drums as a cool thing to do, others see them as a bunch of irritating noise makers; but do they know the history behind them? So what is percussion? Percussion is a musical instrument played by striking with the hand, a handheld, or a pedal-operated stick or beater (Hudson). There are different groups of percussion instruments, and as time went by, they have immensely evolved from where they started (Zed). So what is percussion, where did it start, and what is it used for?
Sound is produced by vibrations in the air which, in this experiment, came from the hammer. The vibrations are a set of frequencies measured in units of Hertz (Hz). The faster the vibration frequency, the higher the sound will be in pitch. Pythagoras’s 2:1 ratio simply means that both tones are the same however the second tone’s frequency rate is doubled. For example, the blacksmith strike...
peaks of a specific sound wave. The height of the wavelength measures loudness or amplitude.