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Importance of discourse analysis
An Essay On Discourse Analysis
Discourse analysis paper
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COHESION
I. Introduction, concepts, and definitions
In this paper, I will go over the aspect that called my attention the most as a part of the discourse analysis subject, its definition, its different features and what they are used for. I will also do an analysis of a sample material that I use in my lessons. Finally, I will discuss the relevance, or not, of applying cohesion and its various elements to the learning and teaching contexts or in life as a part of human and personal development.
Richards and Schmidt (2002) define cohesion as the grammatical or lexical connections between the various elements of a text. That is, the relationship between different sentences and/or the different parts of a sentence. Hence, a text can be cohesive
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For instance, the omission of the pronoun he and the verb was in this biography about Alfred Nobel make the text more cohesive, understandable, and easy to digest because it avoids repetition that otherwise would make it look unnatural and unappealing to the reader.
Collocations are words that arbitrarily go together and in this text I found two of them, the adjective native, that can be accompanied by the nouns language, country, American, etc. and the item foreign, which can go together with the nouns language, currency, person, country, etc.
The predominant tense in the sample text is the past simple since it is a biography. We can find, for instance, some regular verbs in past such as died, expected, lived and some irregulars like was, made, had. In contrast, the aspect or internal framework of the text is expressing actions that occurred and were completed in the past, therefore his death in 1896.
The last feature that I came across with is repetition and (near) synonymy, for instance, the items alone and private person, the both refer to an estranged person that dislike being in the company of others. Another example of synonymy or near synonymy is the group of words explosive, dynamite, and weapon which refer to devices that can hurt or kill
Discourse communities are groups of people with a unique point of view. There are many discourse communities around your everyday life. These communities are part of the entire human environment. Many discourse communities are distinctly large due to all the societies wanting the same things. My discourse communities are mostly Facebook.
What takes an entire paragraph for some writers to covey is a clipped sentence for Hempel or Beattie. Each word is necessary and saturated with meaning, thus eliminating the need for excess. And no sentence is as important as the first. The initial sentence must incite intrigue and contain insight to the contents of the story. It is the foundation upon which the entire work is built.
The thesis, or the main idea of the book, is that by using specific communication techniques, we can turn difficult discussions into productive learning conversations.
Jack Shakley’s “Indian Mascots- You’re Out” published on the op-ed page of the LA times, he impacted readers about the argument over professional and college sport teams whose mascots are using Native American names. Shakley is the former chair of the Los Angeles city/county Native American Commission. The author describes the history of using Indian mascots and how it hurt a group of people. He wants readers to know that it is necessary to remove Native American names and mascots from college and professional teams. Jack Shakley uses three strategies to present his argument to show his attitude to remove Indian mascots in teams.
Using second person point of view causes emotional impact on readers more than using other kinds of narration. The pronoun draws readers sinking into the story; and let
A discourse community is a group of people with relatively the same goals and interest to achieve a specific goal. Discourse communities gain there members by qualification, shared objectives, training, or persuading others to join their discourse community. In order for a group to be a discourse community, they must have their own languages, text, rules, and ethics that will make the discourse community run more efficiently. They will also have a form of intercommunication among the group to keep everyone involved or informed with upcoming events or just important news. Discourse communities will have a type of mechanism to provide feedback to help improve the group. The participatory mechanisms provide feedback from inside and outside of
Looking back at my rhetorical analysis in writing 150, to sum it up, it was horrendous. It became exceedingly obvious that I had skipped the prewriting step. Forgoing this step caused choppy sentences, multiple grammatical errors, and horrendous flow. The rough draft ended up looking like a collection of jumbled up words. The first attempted felt so bad, I started over entirely. After the review in class, I used the examples to focus my ideas and build off what other people had done. For example, the review helped me to clarify my knowledge and use of Kairos. Once done, it was peer reviewed by my group again. All the other group members commented that I had good ideas, but bad flow and grammatical errors. After revising their respective points and
Today, we are writing an essay. Its content is about reflection and rhetorical analysis. What to reflect it? Reflections on what we learn. We have studied English for a long time. For our international students, from primary school, we learn the content and form of learning is similar to our own native language. When we learn to basic knowledge of English after. We began to learn new things. This knowledge is to make us more skilled use of the English language. So we started to learn writing. In the writing of a lot of knowledge, they like us to write our own language to write an essay. We need to improve our writing skills with a lot of writing skills. These writing skills can be a plus for our writing. It allows people to join them more interested.
In his critical article, William Golding contends that there are three grades of thinking and that “nine-tenths of the population” does not engage in the higher grades. He supports his contention by weaving in baroque syntax, featuring demiurgic imagery, and touting audacious diction. Golding’s purpose is to explain the grades of thinking by characterizing all three in order to urge the audience to think more critically in the higher grades. He embraces a cavillous tone (“conversion of the world to my way of thinking might be difficult,”) that reaches out to educated travelers and readers of the Holiday.
The Letter from Birmingham Jail was written by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. in April of 1963. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. was one of several civil rights activists who were arrested in Birmingham Alabama, after protesting against racial injustices in Alabama. Dr. King wrote this letter in response to a statement titled A Call for Unity, which was published on Good Friday by eight of his fellow clergymen from Alabama. Dr. King uses his letter to eloquently refute the article. In the letter dr. king uses many vivid logos, ethos, and pathos to get his point across. Dr. King writes things in his letter that if any other person even dared to write the people would consider them crazy.
In his article “The Concept of Discourse Community,” John Swales describes a discourse community as a group of people that “have a broadly agreed set of common goals, contain certain mechanisms of intercommunication among its members, have acquired a specific lexis, and have a threshold level of members with a suitable degree of relevant content discoursal expertise” (Swales #). An example of such a discourse community is the legal profession. The legal profession has the common goal of understanding and applying general principles to particular factual situations. In doing so, lawyers use language, concepts, and methods that are unique to their community. In order to become a recognized member of the legal community, a person must graduate from law school and pass the bar exam thereby demonstrating an in depth knowledge concerning all areas of the law and the specialized rules, methods, and jargon used by lawyers to communicate about legal principles.
Lunsford and Robert (1995: 116) say that a paragraph is defined as “a group of sentences or a single sentence that forms a unit”. It can be understood that a paragraph is the combination of sentences or only one sentence that supports only one main idea. Each paragraph must begin with a topic sentence that expresses the main idea of a paragraph. Next, supporting sentences relating to the topic sentence and its controlling ideas with specific examples and detailed explanations should be presented. Finally, a concluding sentence restating the central idea is given at the end of the paragraph. According to Rosen and Laurence (1997: 119), there are four essential elements that an effective paragraph should consistently contain, namely a topic sentence, unity, coherence, and sufficient development. To be more specific, all sentences in a paragraph need refer to the paper’s main idea that maintains a consistent flow. Besides, the sentences need to be arranged logically and definitely. A topic sentence is considered as the most vital part in a paragraph that states the main idea of a paragraph. Without a topic sentence, it is difficult for readers to control the whole opinion conveyed. In addition, each idea discussed in the paragraph should be adequately explained and supported through evidences and details to explain the paper's controlling
Power use is around us whether noticed or not. Power in Discourse Analysis is a medium to achieve an end. The end is for stronger of the two sides of the discourse. Power in discourse analysis is the use of language in a discourse allowing the person who acquires knowledge and high status in the discourse takes control of the discourse thus having the higher power. In the following paragraphs, I will discuss nature of power argued in Discourse Analysis, attempts made to define ‘power’ in social research and discuss the different types of power.
The lexical collocation appears in the third paragraph through the use of “secondary school”. Collocation also appears in the fourth paragraph through the use of the words “reading comics”, “magazines”, “newspapers” and “online articles”. The seventh paragraph involves lexical collocation through the use of “boys” and “girls”. In the eleventh paragraph the use of collocation is clear through the use of the words “classic books” and
Reiteration, as the first category of lexical cohesion, is a phenomenon in which the lexical item refers back to another item that has a connection with a general reference. It is a lexical cohesion which forms a constituent that has been mentioned. Reiteration consists of repetition, hyponymy, synonyms, and antonymy. The purpose of using these aspects of reiteration is to obtain the effect of the intensity of the meaning of language, information events, and beauty of other languages. Haliday and Hasan (1976) says that: