Introduction
Peritoneal dialysis is a procedure that filters your blood. You may have this procedure if your kidneys are not working well. You can perform peritoneal dialysis yourself, or a machine can do it for you at night when you sleep.
Tell a health care provider about:
Any allergies you have.
All medicines you are taking, including vitamins, herbs, eye drops, creams, and over-the-counter medicines.
Any problems you or family members have had with anesthetic medicines.
Any blood disorders you have.
Any surgeries you have.
Any medical conditions you have.
Whether you are pregnant or may be pregnant.
What are the risks?
Generally, peritoneal dialysis is safe. However, problems may occur, including:
Infection in the lining of your abdomen
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Your health care provider will teach you how to prepare for a dialysis session. Preparation may involve:
Closing doors and windows in the room where dialysis will be performed.
Making sure to wash your hands before and during treatment. Anyone that touches you or the equipment should also wash their hands often.
Putting on a mask.
Making sure tubing and equipment is germ-free (sterile).
Checking the bag of fluid (dialysate) you will use during the session, to make sure it is sealed and free of germs (uncontaminated).
What happens during treatment?
At the start of a session, your abdomen is filled with a fluid called dialysate. The fluid pulls wastes, salt, and extra water through the peritoneum and into the fluid. At the end of the session the fluid is drained from your body.
There are two kinds of peritoneal dialysis:
Continuous cycling peritoneal dialysis (CCPD). In this type, a machine called a cycler fills and drains your abdomen (performs exchanges) for you while you sleep.
Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). In this type you perform exchanges for yourself up to 5 times a day. Each exchange takes about 30–40 minutes. The amount of time the dialysate stays in your body (the dwell) usually varies from 1.5–3 hours. You may go about your day normally between
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What can I expect after treatment?
You may need to have lab work or other tests done to check on how well the dialysis is working.
Change the bandage (dressing) around your permanent catheter as directed by your health are provider. Keep the dressing clean and dry.
Weigh yourself after the treatment and write down your weight, if recommended by your health care provider.
Follow these instructions at home:
Eating and drinking
Follow your health care provider's instructions about diet. You should follow a diet plan that includes:
Nutritional counseling with a dietitian.
Vitamin supplements.
High-quality proteins, such as meat, poultry, fish, and eggs. Most people on peritoneal dialysis need to eat a high-protein diet, because protein is lost during the dialysis exchange.
Preventing constipation
Avoid becoming constipated. Constipation prevents dialysate from draining well. To prevent constipation:
Eat foods that are high in fiber, such as fresh fruits and vegetables, whole grains, and beans.
Limit foods that are high in fat and processed sugars, such as fried and sweet
Kidney Care is comprised of U.S. dialysis and related lab services, ancillary services and strategic initiatives, including international operations and corporate administrative support. The U.S. dialysis and related lab services business is the largest line of business, which is a leading provider of kidney dialysis services in the U.S. for patients suffering from chronic kidney failure, also known as end stage renal disease (ESRD). The HCP division is a patient- and physician-focused integrated healthcare delivery and management company with over two decades of providing coordinated, outcomes-based medical care in a cost-effective manner ("DaVita Healthcare Partners 10-K Annual Report" 2015). STp(c) Segmentation, targeting, and positioning together comprise a three stage process.
The kidneys are located in the posterior section of the retroperitoneal cavity and are small, dark red kidney-bean shaped organs in the lower part of the rib cage (Marieb, The Urinary System, 2015). They are undervalued organs considering how essential they are for the body’s ability to maintain homeostasis. The kidneys filter about 120-150 quarts of blood to produce about 1-2 quarts of urine each day (NIH, 2014). Blood initially enters the kidneys through the renal artery. It then flows into the segmental artery before moving into the interlobar artery. From the interlobar artery the filtrate enters the arcuate artery before branching into the cortical radiate artery, which feeds into the afferent arteriole, before passing into the glomerulus where it begins to filter out waste. The filtered waste is then collected by renal tubule. The tubules drain to collecting ducts and all of these components together makes up a small unit called a nephron. Each kidney has over a million nephrons (Marieb, Blood Supply/ Nephrons, 2015). They filter out wastes that run through different body systems via blood; the majority of that waste is nitrogenous wastes, toxins, excess fluids, electrolytes, and drugs. These waste products are eliminated as urine. While waste are removed vital enzymes, hormones, and water are returned
2013). Inappropriate use of urinary catheter in patients as stated by the CDC includes patients with incontinence, obtaining urine for culture, or other diagnostic tests when the patient can voluntarily void, and prolonged use after surgery without proper indications. Strategies used focused on initiating restrictions on catheter placement. Development of protocols that restrict catheter placement can serve as a constant reminder for providers about the correct use of catheters and provide alternatives to indwelling catheter use (Meddings et al. 2013). Alternatives to indwelling catheter includes condom catheter, or intermittent straight catheterization. One of the protocols used in this study are urinary retention protocols. This protocol integrates the use of a portable bladder ultrasound to verify urinary retention prior to catheterization. In addition, it recommends using intermittent catheterization to solve temporary issues rather than using indwelling catheters. Indwelling catheters are usually in for a longer period. As a result of that, patients are more at risk of developing infections. Use of portable bladder ultrasound will help to prevent unnecessary use of indwelling catheters; therefore, preventing
Ms. Bardsley functions as a hemodialysis liaison and leader in clinical practice with the following roles: charge nurse, preceptor, and mentor for her colleagues. She is the resource person for the Hct-Line monitoring tool. The tool is used to monitor patient’s fluid removal during treatment to avoid hypotensive episodes associated with decreased perfusion to the heart. She routinely monitors the patient outcomes which to date has resulted in 0 admissions. She recently updated the policy to make it more user friendly for the staff and to maintain staff competency.
First, you must obtain all of the necessary supplies: gloves, alcohol or Betadine preps, a tourniquet, tape, an appropriately sized IV catheter, a bag of IV solution, the IV tubing, and gauze pads. While obtaining the supplies, you should inform the patient that IV catheter placement is necessary, and why. Do not lie to the patient and tell him or her that it is a painless procedure. Instead, be honest with them and explain that the initial puncture feels like a sharp pinch on the skin and that the pain and discomfort associated with the IV placement is only temporary. You may find it helpful to demonstrate to the patient the amount of pain to expect by pinching the skin on the back of their hand. This is especially helpful for younger patients or patients who are more concrete in their thinking.
After further multidisciplinary team meetings with the involvement of John the treatment option of automated peritoneal dialysis was implemented (NSF 2004). Once the Tenchkoff catheter had been inserted, education and training completed John was ready for discharge home.
In medicine dialysis is primarily used to provide an artificial support for the lost kidney function in people with renal failure.
heart valves, tendons, ligaments and bones. E. Organs and tissues are distributed according to a national waiting list managed by UNOS which stands for United Network for Organ Sharing.
Kuther, N. (2001). Improving compliance in dialysis patients: Does anything work. Seminars in Dialysis, 14(5), 324-327.
Before your first treatment, an access to your bloodstream must be made. The access provides a way for blood to be carried from your body to the dialysis machine and then back into your body. The access can be internal (inside the body -- usually under your skin) or external (outside the body).
St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital is a non-profit organization that has three pillars that they strive to achieve every day, as well as give everyone the opportunity to help out these sick children and their families.
Traditional hemodialysis (HD) is provided to the patient at an outpatient clinic that is often referred to as a chronic unit. Patients must come to the chronic unit to be hooked up to the dialysis machine which circulates their blood through a dialyzer thereby removing toxins and excess fluid. This dialyzer is a clear plastic tube which contains thousands of micro fibers that allow the blood to flow through while enabling diffusion to remove the unwanted components of the blood. The majority of dialysis patients use this as their primary method of treatment; however, some patients find the treatment to be harsh and uncomfortable. These patients often look for alternate treatments such as peritoneal dialysis.
Your skin will be washed with soap. An IV will be inserted into one of your veins. You will be given one or more of the following:
As the kidneys regulate the quantity of fluid which leaves the body, patients who suffer from kidney disease progression, may be not be able to regularize fluid removal from their body. Due to this scenario, their physician or specialist may ask them to reduce their intake of fluid. Lowering daily fluid intake for the renal diet involves: not drinking to socialize or from habit, only having a drink when thirsty, and sucking on a wedge of lemon or chips of ice. It also entails taking measures for monitoring the quantity of fluid that is drunk. This is done by measuring a regularly used glass or cup to measure the quantity of fluid it holds, as well as placing the recommended daily quantity of water into a specific container, and then only taking the fluid that is consumed from this. This insures that the recommended amount is not exceeded (Medical
Specific Purpose Statement: To inform the audience about the criteria for becoming a blood donor