Germany was left in a completely ruined state after World War I. Germans were completely shocked by their defeat and it was very hard for them to accept that their armies had lost the war in 1918. Generals even declared they weren’t really defeated but they had been “stabbed in the in back” by liberals, socialists, communists and Jews (Winks and Adams, 135). The Treaty of Versailles left Germans with the complete burden of the war. They were obligated to sign to treaty that held them solely responsible for war ( Winks and Adams, 136). This left Germany with the full financial burden of the war, which led them into a deep depression. Asides from financial burden, this, “ led many Germans to devote their energies to denying war guilt, to attack The degenerate arts were also linked to the “degenerate” people or people with deformities. A painting from Paul Schultze-Naumberg in 1928 illustrates this principle. The degenerate arts are linked side by side with “degenerate” people (Slide show 4, October 21 2015). As seen in the regulations imposed to control these arts were set forth to control all public forums and thus inhibiting the development of contrary ideas to the Nazi ideology (Petropoulos, In the eradicating hate exhibition there were several artifacts of propaganda that promoted the anti-sematic views. One example of this is the traveling anti-Semitic propaganda exhibition title Der ewige Jude (The Eternal Jew). It opened in Munich on November 8, 1937. In this exhibit the Jews were portrayed as moral degenerates with their pictures distorted in posters and post cards. In general, Germany’s defeat and feelings of failure led to the creation of the Third Reich. The Third Reich had a clear ideology: to promote eliminate Jews and the degenerate, promote German unity, and improve Germany’s state in general. These ideas were clearly promoted through different methods of propaganda and cultural policy like art, museums, film, and posters promoting their
In the years between 1933 and 1945, Germany was engulfed by the rise of a powerful new regime and the eventual spoils of war. During this period, Hitler's quest for racial purification turned Germany not only at odds with itself, but with the rest of the world. Photography as an art and as a business became a regulated and potent force in the fight for Aryan domination, Nazi influence, and anti-Semitism. Whether such images were used to promote Nazi ideology, document the Holocaust, or scare Germany's citizens into accepting their own changing country, the effect of this photography provides enormous insight into the true stories and lives of the people most affected by Hitler's racism. In fact, this photography has become so widespread in our understanding and teaching of the Holocaust that often other factors involved in the Nazi's racial policy have been undervalued in our history textbooks-especially the attempt by Nazi Germany to establish the Nordic Aryans as a master race through the Lebensborn experiment, a breeding and adoption program designed to eliminate racial imperfections.
In March 11, 1900 in a German town called Konitz the severed body parts of a human were discovered. Almost immediately, the blame fell on the Jewish. As Smith points out, anti-Semitism had been on a steady decline, and the anti-Semitics were looking for ways to revitalize the movement. The murder was an opportunity for anti-Semitics revive their movement. After the identity of the body was discovered to be Ernst Winter, the Staatsburgerzeitung, an anti-Semitic newspaper, printed several articles focusing on Konitz. Using unverified accounts from people in the town, it claimed that the murder was a ritual murder that had been carried out by the Jewish. The use of fear mongering was affective because the paper was a Berlin based paper so distribution was wide, and news of the murder traveled far. A crucial facet of the rise of anti-Semitism was due to anti-Semitic newspapers taking stories such as the Ernst Winter murder and using them to promote their cause. One of Smith’s sources, the Preuβische Jahrbṻcher, had a printed article written by Heinrich von Treitschke who was an historian; in which one of his quotes was “The Jews are our misfortune.” His article was what later spurred the German population’s turn from liberalism a...
After the First World War were forced to take blame for its happening. They were forced to pay ridiculous amounts in reparations & compensation. All of this being signed in the Treaty Of Versailles; this treaty was intended as a fair and just proposal but ended up in Germany losing billions of dollars to other countries, as well as losing heaps of land, thus crippling their economy. Leaving them weak to any nation or anyone, this was one way that helped Hitler come to power. Because of the state of Germany’s economy, Hitler portrayed himself as the saviour of Germany, the man that was going to restore the respect that their forefathers had earned & installed.
Prior to the Nazi takeover of Germany, the nation had been suffering deeply. An economic depression, large-scale unemployment, and the shame of losing World War I had put Germany in a dark place. The Nazi’s were incredibly aware of this, and their propaganda at the time reflected a need to reunite the German people. Propaganda appealed to national pride, and putting ones country before themselves. Of course, a strong united people needed a leader that was just as strong, and the “myth of Hitler” would create that leader. Slogans like “One People, one Fuhrer, one Reich!” promoted national unity, and a Wochenspruch from February 1938 states, “The greatest of all sacrifices is to give one’s life to preserve the existence of the community.” Leni Riefenstahl’s Triumph of the Will comes from this time period and helps form the mythological image of Hitler. Propaganda also focused on the good the Nazi party was doing. It discussed how well the Nazi welfare system was working, newsreels showed happy German people enjoying the benefits of the Nazi regime.
The Treaty of Versailles is a cause of World War II because of the restrictions it placed on Germany as the alleged sole aggressor of the war. The war reparation totaled $98 billion, and under Clause 231 Germany was forced to take the entire load onto her ruined economy and attempt to repay the debt starting with an initial $5 billion payment. In terms of military, Germany was limited to a 100,000 man army, with her navy stripped to the level of a coast guard, she was allowed no heavy artillery, no weapons of mass destruction and the border with France became a demilitarized zone for 15 years following the signing of the treaty on June 28 1919. Germany also lost all her territories in Africa and became a mandate of the Allied Forces, those living in mandated zones could participate in “self-determination” after the Allies taught them how to be a democracy (...
At the end of World War One, Germany was required to pay a large sum of money to the Allies consequently resulting in the German Depression. The sum Germany had to pay was set after the Treaty of Versailles was enacted at approximately six billion, six hundred million – twenty-two billion pounds, (World War Two – Causes, Alan Hall, 2010). The large amount of reparations that Germany had to pay resulted in a depression and angered the Germans because they thought it was an excessive amount of money to pay, (World War Two – Causes) The Germans hatred of the Treaty of Versailles was of significant importance in propelling the Nazis to power. Germany could not pay their reparations and was forced into a depression, (World War II – Causes). The Treaty of Versailles deprived Germany of its economic production and its available employments, (World War II – Causes). The German Depr...
One reason the Treaty of Versailles was a cause of World War II was because it destroyed the German economy. Germany lost a large amount of territories and resources and they were forced to pay for reparations. Germany had a large deduction of land (Document A, German Territorial Losses, Versailles Treaty, 1919). The loss of land lead to a 40% reduction in coal production. In addition to losing land and resources, Germany had to pay reparations. Document C shows how the $367 billion in reparations destroy the German economic system. The stock market crash of 1929 places Germany in an economic Depression, their economy greatly suffered.
Art for Art's Sake: Its Fallacy and Viciousness. The Art World, Vol.2. May 1917. 98-102
In addition, having lost the war, the humiliated Germans were forced by the Allies to sign the Treaty of Versailles in 1919 that officially ended World War I. According to the harsh terms of the treaty, Germany had to hand over many of its richest industrial territories to the victors, and was made to pay reparations to the Allied countries it devastated during the war. Germany lost its pride, prestige, wealth, power, and the status of being one of Europe's greatest nations. (Resnick p. 15)
First, is in 1941, where the Nazis published an article after the Ghetto in Warsaw was established. This article indicated how they were building clean hospitals, making Jews do work, and provided these people with newspapers, career training, and other services as well. While this may seem, surprising the basic purpose was to portray the Nazis as being a symbol of hope and heroism, improving living conditions as they invaded country after country. The next stage was in May 1942, when a 90-minute film was taken that was never finished or published for the public to see. The purpose of this film was to convince the German citizens that this was the lifestyle of the Jews and that they chose to live this way. An example was the Jewish people entering the Ghetto being well-dressed, polite, and mannerly, and then becoming dirty and rotten as they continued their life in the ghetto. Other examples include the Jewish people fighting each other, wearing torn clothes, living in overcrowded areas, causing riots, and eating barely any food, while the truth was it was the Nazis that forced this lifestyle unto
It was not only politician image of the head of state, but also his gentle personality as an average person. Moreover, the Nazi party realized the great value of political visualization, colorization and drama exaggeration, which could control the political ideas of the masses and developed the consciousness of national community through visual art.
The Versailles settlement of 1919 ended the bloodiest war the world had seen. In this treaty ending World War I, Germany was forced to make economic and territorial reparations to the Triple Entente which consisted of Britain, France, Russia, and the United States of America. Several years of total war hindered the ability of Germany to pay what was demanded of them by the Treaty of Versailles. Germany was hit the hardest by the demands of this treaty during the interwar period. When answering how the Nazi party came to rule in Germany, one must look at foreign policy in respect to the Versailles Treaty during the Second Reich. Economically, due to the settlement at Versailles, Germany would be hit by massive inflation as well as a crippling depression under the Weimar Republic. This made many people distrust the newly created Weimar Republic. Socially, Germans generally blamed the government, as well as the Treaty of Versailles for the hard times that they suffered after the First World War. This social environment gave rise to the Nazi movement and many other parties that opposes the treaty and the Weimar Republic alike. Politically, instability and chaos plagued the Weimar Republic giving rise to many different political parties including the National Socialist German Workers’ Party. Thus, the rise of the Nazi party in Germany was due to economic hardship fostered by the Treaty of Versailles, a fractured political system, and social unrest during the interwar period.
“All propaganda has to be popular and has to accommodate itself to the comprehension of the least intelligent of those whom it seeks to reach,” Adolf Hitler (The National World War Museum). The German Nazi dictator utilized his power over the people using propaganda, eventually creating a sense of hatred towards Jews. After World War 1, the punishments of the League of Nations caused Germany to suffer. The Nazi party came to blame the Jews in order to have a nation-wide “scapegoat”. This hatred and prejudice towards Jews is known as anti-semitism. According to the Breman Museum, “the Nazi Party was one of the first political movements to take full advantage of mass communications technologies: radio, recorded sound, film, and the printed word” (The Breman Museum). By publishing books, releasing movies and holding campaigns against Jews, antisemitism came to grow quickly, spreading all across Germany. The Nazi Party often referred to the notion of a “People’s Community” where all of Germany was “racially pure” (Issuu). They would show images of ‘pure’, blond workers, labouring to build a new society. This appealed greatly to people who were demoralized during Germany’s defeat in World War 1 and the economic depression of the 1920’s and 1930’s. Hitler, along with Joseph Goebbels, used developed propaganda methods in order to suppress the Jews and spread anti semitism.
“The modern German anti-Semitism was based on racial ideology which stated that the Jews were subhuman while the “Aryan” race was ultimately superior,” ("Nazi Propaganda"): (Goebbels)“I beg you and particularly those of you who carry the cross throughout the land to become somewhat more serious when I speak of the enemy of the German people, namely, the Jew, ("Nazi Propaganda"). “Streicher declared: "You must realize that the Jew wants our people to perish. That is why you must join us and leave those who have brought you nothing but war, inflation, and discord",” ("Nazi Propaganda"). “We know that Germany will be free when the Jew has been excluded from the life of the German people,” ("Ministry Of Public Enlightenment"). After Goebbels 's started to target the Jew’s with mean propaganda: It made blaming Jews a lot easier for Germany’s
...s an artist but when he wasn’t accepted into art school he started to hate all art that wasn’t landscape paintings. He ordered an art burning in March 1939 setting over a thousand of paintings on fire. Organizations collected Jewish books and had a mass book burning, described on pages 108-113 in The Book Thief.