“On my honor, I do attest that all material contained herein is my own work and no part has knowingly been duplicated from another source without proper citation.”
Devon Premsook
How are drugs turning us into Cyborgs
What does it mean to be a cyborg? A cyborg is a being that is both organic and inorganic. Cyborg embodiment can refer to anything that uses technology or biological changes a being. Referring to humans, it is the use of technology for which it enhances or improves one’s normal functions. This term “cyborg” was created by Manfred Clynes and it is a combination of the two words cybernetic and organism . When most people hear the term cyborg the first thing that comes to mind is part robot and part human. This is true in a way, but there is more to it than just artificial enhancements. In society majority of our elders and even younger people use this thing we call medicine in their day to day lives. Each type of medicine has different effects on the body and the user taking it. But by taking these types of body altering substances are we making a cyborg out of ourselves? The reason why drugs or medicine is not considered a way of cyborgification is because it fits into our social standards. It is normal to just pop a pill when you feel sick, but we actually do not realize how it changes our bodies. Being a cyborg is more than just having artificial mechanical parts; you can consider medicine and the use of any other drug as a way of becoming part cyborg. The use of medicine is scientifically engineered, in which it treats diseases and aids in enhancements. We use technology to change our biology, in which we enhance our mental and physical capabilities. People may think that a “cyborg” is something of a physical ap...
... middle of paper ...
... or bad thing but it makes everyone different. In the future it may be possible that it is normal to be a cyborg and not normal to be just a human. Since a cyborg is considered to be a substance that is organic and inorganic, once a drug has been absorbed into a body, that body is no longer organic or is it? Everyone has their opinions, but the side effects from each drug either positively or negatively changes a person. Whether a drug is addictive or not by changing the mindset and entering a higher feeling it makes a person feel more advanced physically and mentally. One main definition of being a cyborg is to become more advanced than you were before, which is exactly what some drugs tend to due. Cyborg embodiment is found in everything we do and not only in medicine. As society progresses, the use of drugs and technology will grow much closer than we expected.
...ity, a marvel surgery directly affects human’s specialty by changing human’s perspectives about relationship. By changing human mind, a marvel surgery affects human’s emotional relationships and roles on the society. A marvel surgery defines as acceptable action among people to crossing species with changing human’s endemic ability to solve their complications. Even though a cyber-alternation damages people’s natural learning of relationships, it helps to make a healthier relationship and easier connections to prevent emotional depressions. Nevertheless, if humans only depend on a cyber-alternation, relying on an artificial objects world results a greater threat to the human authenticity as a marvel surgery. Humans can modify the society and to maintain their relationships if humans keep their authenticity throughout the time.
In William Gibson’s Neuromancer, the theme of cyberspace allowing characters to restructure their identities is prevalent. Yet, does cyberspace, as Gibson outlines it, actually allow characters like Case, Molly, and Linda to create new identities or are these new identities formed superficially? Is Gibson critical of present anxieties about how cyberspace shapes identities or is he simply projecting speculative and hopeful aspects of cyberspace into the future? There are aspects of reality that cannot be replicated or replaced in cyberspace, and this is emphasized through the fact that Case tends to avoid reality in any way possible and instead prefers the virtual world over the physical. Gibson questions whether or not people can remain the same as they transfer from reality to the virtual world.
Taubes, G. (1995) Plagiarism suit wins: experts hope it won't set a trend. Science. 268
...ouldn't do work cited because I didn't know enough information on where it was from or when exactly it was written).
Although my error was unintentional it is still considered plagiarism and I will not deny that this was the case. My goal to research well-phrased sentences that portrayed clearly what I wanted to convey obscured my own. In the process of writing proof reading is an important step to verify accurate citations, and I failed to do so appropriately which resulted in a less than acceptable submission of my work. I am aware this is no excuse but I ask for your consideration. Please know that I am deeply sorry ,
William Gibson’s Neuromancer is a science fiction novel that is seen by many as the preeminent work of the “cyberpunk” genre. Neuromancer, like the countless others of its kind to follow, addresses themes concerning identity and/or lack there of. The “cyberpunk” genre as argued by Bruce Sterling was born out of the 1980's and was due in part to the rapid decentralization of technology. With the influx of computers, the internet, and virtual reality into the everyday household came technological discoveries that affected the individual. Certain themes that are central to “cyberpunk” involve implanted circuitry, cosmetic surgery, and mind invasions such as brain computer interfaces and artificial intelligence. (Sterling 346) With these issues in mind one must wonder what affect they have on the self or one’s identity. Within Neuomancer, Gibson creates a future where identities can become obscure/ambiguous, due to the sophisticated technology available which may alter various facets of a person’s physical or mental identity.
In both works, the authors identify how the influence on technology is changing how humans identify themselves. Carr using his experience to explain this idea giving the reader the idea that he is feeling the effect technology is taking in his identity. “Over the past few years I’ve had an uncomfortable sense that someone or something, has been tinkering with my brain, remapping the neural circuitry, reprogramming the memory “(53). He gives the reader a firsthand insight of how the influence of technology has change his own identity changing his mind as a whole. He also gives the example of becoming machinelike. A metaphor he uses to explain that humans are becoming emotionless, and less caring for certain ideas. They are becoming cold and brainless are the new part of their identity altering the ability to think. While, Turkle uses everyday life examples to emphasize this point. She states that people create avatars online to be represent their self the way they want to be. However, being able to change a certain aspect of an individual life alters the way they perceive who they are. According to Turkle “people who gain fluency in expressing multiples aspect of self may find it harder develop authentic selves. Some people who write narratives for their screen avatars may grow up with too little experience to share their real feelings with other people” (289). The meaning behind Turkle words is that technology is influencing how individuals view themselves, and become remapping the idea that humans are social
I first want to apologize for the plagiarism in my annotated bibliography. While I cannot justify my actions I hope you can at least understand my mistake was careless and unintentional.
Issac Asimov's I, Robot Asimov’s robots can be described as clumsy, hard-working, cost-efficient, soulless, strong, fast, obedient, human-made, a cleaner better breed, more human than man. Robots can be caring, gentle, self-aware, creative, intelligent and also evil, rebellious. Robots are made out of metal, plastic, aluminum, gears, bolts, wheels, sensors, memory chips, and other gadgets. TEXT STUDY Asimov’s book “I, Robot” is full of exciting short stories about human-robot relations. But the one story that really touched me was the first of the nine: Robbie.
Steroids are more than just muscle enhancers. It goes into more depth than that. Athletes use them to get the advantage on their opponent but that’s all one really knows. What really happens with the users body besides going weak to strong? It’s the science that goes in to it that gives the user its physical results. Steroids have many effects on the body both good and bad, whether it’s becoming bigger or becoming less of a man or woman, literally. When someone makes the choice to use steroids, they are getting into more than they can imagine. Steroids change your body completely and can be more bad than good. Steroids have more effects than one may think and are definitely overlooked when it comes to being a medicine and a science rather than a performance enhancer.
Haraway’s provocative proposal of envisioning the cyborg as a myth of political identity embodies the search for a code of displacement of "the hierarchical dualisms of naturalized identities" (CM, 175), and thus for the breakdown of the logic of phallogocentrism and of the unity of the Western idealized self.
Another possible positive ramification is that we can develop enhanced senses and cognitive function by the merging of biological (brains) and mechanical (robots) systems in cyborgs (6). Even though this sounds far-fetched and extraordinary, it has some serious drawbacks. For example, we as human beings are able to feel and experience things in life, such as love, through our senses (touch, taste, smell, etc.). If we are stripped of those senses via mechanical systems, then do we destroy this ability? And could these mechanical systems produce super human strength and possibly become destructive? I think so, as the movie “Iron Man” comes to mind. Where do we draw the line between what is a benefit verses what is a risk when it comes to cyborgs? Only time will tell.
I declare that the work which follows is my own and that any quotations from any sources (e.g. books, journals, the Internet) are clearly identified by the use of single quotation marks for shorter excerpts and indented italics for longer quotations. All quotations and paraphrases are accompanied by (date, author) in the text and a fuller citation in the bibliography. I have read and understood the rules on paraphrasing and referencing and followed these conventions carefully.
What do you think would happen if you gave a child a cybernetic arm? He then proceeds to question the reader’s perception by asking, “…do transhuman really comprehend ultimate human goods?” He believes that a person who modifies their body with biotechnologies shouldn’t be considered human any more, simply because Fukuyama believes what makes a human, “Human”, is the fact that we have the ability to process emotions such as love, sadness, fear, anger, envy, gluttony, wrath, and happiness. Fukuyama believes that this is only possible through a normal blood body because we can only process those feeling the way we do because of the perception we apply to our self. If we lost that perception or altered it there is a possibility that we will lose the ability to feel those emotions. Fukuyama then repeats his question “Are trans human still human?” or are they empty shells of apocalyptic
Human enhancement is any attempt to temporarily or permanently overcome the current limitations of the human body through natural or artificial means. It is in our human nature that we somehow increase our life expectancy, become stronger, fearless, independent and smarter. It is no surprise we turn to all sorts of technologies – neurotechnology, nanotechnology, biotechnology, information technology – to improve human performances. While they might improve our performances and abilities, their use raises serious health, ethical and economic issues, furthermore, not enough is known about the long-term consequences.