The paper outlines the use of GIS in road transportation including how the system has evolved over time in the transportation sector. GIS applications require specialized expertise to ensure an accurate collection, analysis, and relay of road network data. It is important to note that GIS systems can be applied in a variety of places within the road network. However, only three places are discussed in the paper: traffic density, vehicle emissions, and road capacity. GIS technology helps in the collection and dispersion of the necessary traffic information to optimize road usage.
GIS is regarded as an advanced technology that integrates other kinds of know-how using geographical data or information. The concept is a very powerful and effective technology, as it allows geographers to utilize their data and techniques in a way that merges traditional methods, including map overlay analysis, with more advanced modern methods to produce improved systems (Mavoa, Witten, McCranor & O’Sullivanc 2012, p. 17). Through GIS, geographers and engineers can effectively model, map, query, and evaluate large quantities of information kept in a single database. GIS is gaining popularity in road transportation where it provides effective and valuable expertise and equipment for managing vehicles during traffic. The technology provides a means for managing road transport by way of spatial reference systems, especially where roads form a convoluted transportation network (Razzak, Khan & Jalal 2011, p. 641).
Traffic density is one of the areas in road transport where GIS technology is applied; the know-how allows highway authorities and other concerned establishments to monitor traffic at critical points along the road network through the use of camera...
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...Jalal, S 2011, ‘Application of geographical information system (GIS) for mapping road traffic injuries using existing source of data in Karachi, Pakistan: a pilot study’, Journal of Pak Medical Association, vol. 61, no. 7, pp. 640-643.
Ruhe, M, Thamm, H, Fornauf, L, & Lorbacher, MR 2013, ‘GIS based urban design for sustainable transport and sustainable growth for two-wheeler related mega cities like Hanoi’, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 7973, no. 1, pp. 452-465.
Sadeghi-Niaraki, A, Varshosaz, M, Kim, K, & Jung, JJ 2011, ‘Real world representation of a road network for route planning in GIS’, Expert Systems with Applications, vol. 38, no. 10, pp. 11999-12008.
Vu, V, Le, X, Pham, N, & Hens, L 2013, ‘Application of GIS and modeling in health risk assessment for urban road mobility’, Environmental Science and Pollution Research, vol. 20, no. 8, pp. 5138-5149.
Gibbs, S. (2015, February 8). Google Maps: a decade of transforming the mapping landscape. Retrieved from The Guardian Web Site: https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2015/feb/08/google-maps-10-anniversary-iphone-android-street-view
“The number of vehicles in the world is climbing at an ever-accelerating rate, leading the scion of an automotive dynasty to warn of crippling gridlock that can be averted only with cars that talk to each other and to the road” (Barry, 2012). Accordingly, the intention of this module 3 case assignment is to provide a succinct rendition of the notion behind connected cars. Additionally, this paper will elaborate on the reasoning at the bottom of Bill Ford’s visualization for the connected cars. Furthermore, this case assignment will analyze the connotation of ‘global gridlock’. As well, as furnish alternative methods IT (information technology) could assist to conquer global gridlock. Finally, a brief synopsis on the future of car congestion
Rounds, a collaboration between the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Gillings. School of Global Public Health, “the way we design our communities discourages physical. activity such as walking and cycling, contributes to air pollution, and promotes pedestrians. injuries and fatalities” (PHGR). “One of the cardinal features of sprawl is driving, reflecting a well established, close relationship between lower density development and more automobile.... ...
Various aspects of traffic congestion in Toronto have been analyzed in detail. It is clear that Toronto is facing a serious problem of traffic congestion since it is the most congested city in North America. Traffic congestion in Toronto costs over $ 2 billion annually and it is caused by a variety of factors. These factors are categorized into non-recurring and recurring factors. However, the paper focused on recurring factors which contribute to the largest proportion of traffic congestion in Canada. These include increased automobile use, poor planning and lapse in implementation of laws which govern traffic systems. This leads to the use of many private cars by employees who commute to work as opposed to use of public transport systems resulting in congestion. Traffic congestion in Toronto has various adverse effects including barriers to emergency services, delays, idle time and opportunity costs as well as pollution.
An effort to combat the continual development of urban sprawl, smart growth development looks to solve this dilemma. The idea of smart growth concentrates its development around compact walkable centers within urban areas. The purpose of this is to avoid the growing sprawl through the implementation of walkable, bicycle-friendly and alternative transportation like b...
...l estate industry. From the decision to lend money for the construction of a new skyscraper in Chicago, to the choice between the corners of a highway intersection for a new gas station, GIS plays a crucial role in allowing the key participants to make more informed decisions. Judging from the incorporation of GIS applications by today’s real estate companies, the importance of this tool will only continue to expand.
...regarded GPS – an indispensable part of GIS. Discussions on cartographic principles, commercial GIS software programs, satellite images, aerial photos, and geodatabases are some of the other conspicuous omissions in this book. There is an inconsistency in the depth of topics explored; for example map projections are explored in great depth, while vector topology is merely glossed over. These omissions and inconsistencies would in my opinion make this book marginally less beneficial to all the three audiences together. However, there is something for all them; structure for engineers, equations for engineers and students, and GIS concepts for students, engineers and users. This book will therefore be undeniably valuable if used to complement the material in some of the other fundamental GIS books in the discipline. It has merits, but there is room for improvement.
Geographers plan new communities, decide where new highways should be placed, and establish evacuation plans. Computerized mapping and data analysis is known as Geographic Information Systems (GIS), a new frontier in geography. Spatial data is gathered on a variety of subjects and input onto a computer. GIS users can create an infinite number of maps by requesting portions of the data to plot.
Building a GIS system from the ground up is a very time consuming and extremely expensive venture. This is why only large metropolitan areas have developed or are developing GIS systems.
Indeed, many global cities face compelling urban planning issues like urban sprawl, population, low density development, overuse of non-renewable natural recourses, social inequities and environmental degradation. These issues affect the cities themselves, the adjacent regions and often even globally. The resulting ecological footprint upsets the balance in adjacent rural and natural areas. Unplanned or organic development leads to urban sprawl, traffic problems, pollution and slums (as evident in the case of Mumbai city). Such unplanned development causes solid waste management and water supply to fall inadequate. Urban sprawl gives rise to low density development and car dependent communities, consequently leading to increased urban flooding, low energy efficiency, longer travel time and destruction of croplands, forests and open spaces for development.
These days Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) techniques has become a necessary issue as they help planners and decision makers to create effective and proprer decisions and designs. Remote Sensing is to look at the Earth’s surface with sensors high on top of Earth’s surface. Remote Sensing is mostly of 2 varieties Active Remote Sensing and Passive Remote Sensing. Infrared ,Microwave and Satellite Remote Sensing systems are some of the examples of Remote Sensing systems. Remote Sensing conjointly helps to assign completely different colours to different
Axehausen, and Erath. "Urban Sustainability and Transportation: Research Framework for Medium and Long Term Transport Planning." Journeys 7 (2011): 7-19.
We all use vehicles for transportation. People usually go to their desired destination either by driving their own cars or traveling in public transportation. Actually, it might be tough to choose that which one is the best selection for people to travel. Many people choose one of them according to their comfort while traveling and both of them have advantages and disadvantages in different conditions. Public transportation and driving own car both shares differences and similarities in many aspects, such as facility, cost, and comfort as well as traffic jam and accident occurrence.
Staley, Sam and Ted Balaker, The Road More Traveled, Roman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc., 2006. U.S. Department of Transportation. 2005. The 'Secondary' of the 'Secondary' of the 'Secondary' of the 'Secondary' of the 'Secondary' of the 'Secondary' of the 'Secondary' of the 'Secondary' Traffic Congestion and Reliability: Trends and Advanced Strategies for Congestion Mitigation http://ops.fhwa.dot.gov/congestion_report/executive_summary.htm#overview> (2008, December 1).
Never the less these problems have arisen and present a very serious issue for not only our generation but for future generations also. Therefore, changes need to be made in Urban transport.