All companies are required by law to follow legal responsibilities. A company should acquaint itself with outer influences that administer the industry in order to function well. No company can be lucrative without its customers they are just as important as the employees if not more. The customers are the ones who bring success to these companies and at the same time give determination. Not all customers are contributors, some are unmannerly, possessive and some just try to get over on businesses. “Businesses have a role to play in improving the lives of all their customers, employees, and shareholders by sharing with them the wealth they have created” ( Bateman & Stair, 2006, p. 175). Consumer protection laws are set up to regulate reserved law relationships between individual consumers and the businesses that retail goods and services. They aim to safeguard the rights of consumers as well as sensible trade competition. The government normally require businesses to disclose well in depth information about their products especially concerning welfare and public health. There was a case involving Johnson & Johnsons all metal hip implant. This case involved a 65 year old former prison guard claiming to have gotten metal poisoning from the devices. Johnson & Johnson’s DePuy Orthopaedic division industrial implants and were recalled in 2010 due to design defects. It was said that these implants were shedding toxic metal debris in patient’s bodies. The devices carry a ball and cup covered with cobalt and chromium but were advertised as being more durable than plastic and ceramic. The plaintiffs claimed that the two rubbed against one another and produced these toxic debris. It was said that around 5 out of 10 had to be replace... ... middle of paper ... ...f there was a possibility that harm overdid the cost to take the safety measures, then the company should take them, whereas if the cost was accountable. That was a legal but not ethical decision because people’s lives are put on the line. There are many reasons why strictly cost effective theories shouldn’t be used. People’s lives should not be put at stake just because the price is too high and when that high risk could be lowered. There is a lot at stake for Ford riding on this. Their reputation is on the line due to the backlash and lawsuits they are up against. It is well established through obtainable case law. It inspires businesses to have precautionary measures toward making hazards that result in huge expenses. It could be reasoned that things should have must have some mutual ration. And last but not least delivers something companies can go by.
Despite these advantages there are concerns which affect patient’s and surgeon’s decision to undertake metal-on-metal hip resurfacing arthroplasty. These issues range from being technically demanding, stringent patient selection criteria (11), high early incidence of femoral neck fractures(12, 13) and reported risk of high circulating metal ions(14-17). There are theoretical concerns about cancers following exposure to high levels of cobalt and chromium ions (18).
The Australian Consumer Law (ACL) was established to protect consumers in any legal trading activities in Australia. A set of guarantees has also been introduced for those consumers who are acquiring goods and services from Australian suppliers, importers or manufacturers. The guarantees are intended to ensure that consumers will receive the goods or services they have paid for. If they have problems with the products and services they bought, they are entitled for remedies, such as repair, replacement, and refund.
Hip implants have been utilized even longer than metal-on-plastic implants. Metal-on-Metal bearings (cobalt chromium alloy, titanium alloy or from time to time stainless steel) were in use from as distant back as 1955 nevertheless they were not agreed for use in the U.S. by the FDA till 1999. They proposal the possible for considerably decreased wear, alongside less inflammation and less bone loss. A little mechanism recalls have held negative attention to Metal-on-Metal. Metal-on-metal constituents permit the biggest heads across the whole scope of implant sizes. Colossal ball heads furnish increased scope of gesture and larger stability, that can considerably cut the chance of hip dislocation, a critical factor in the long word accomplishment of an implant.
This turned out to be a serious safety hazard with the expected loss of life. But they labelled it as an Acceptable risk, instead of finding a solution.
The final decision would then be to have the engineers and manufacturers are at the uppermost authority in aerospace decision making with regards to ethics. They should have the primary responsibility to inform the government, at any cost and at any concern as to the safety and well being of passengers who fly. Engineers and manufacturers are the ones who create aerospace vehicles, so they should be the ones to decide on the extent of their safety, and the safety of all who use them.
Ford and Firestone knew that they were having problems with their products before all of these accidents happened. For instance “Ford internal documents show the company engineers recommended changes to the vehicle design after it rolled over in company tests prior to introduction.”(www.ratical.org/corporation) Moreover, “In 1998, mounting insurance claims already had indicated to financial staff members at Firestone that a problem existed with the tires.” (www.ombuds.org.) But Ford and Firestone did not take any action to fix the problem. So it was obvious then that they were not concerned for the well being of the people. Even staff members who knew that the safety of customers was in danger due to the defect of these tires, failed to report it to the authorities. And when Firestone was confronted with accusations about the performance of the tire, they provided misleading information. Therefore, this represented a very critical ethical problem. According to an executive director of auto safety, “if consumers never find out about this problem, these companies will end up saving millions of dollars in recall costs at the expense...
...ty. Ignoring this obligation can be bad to a business no matter how you look at it. The business becomes valuable when it can uphold social responsibilities while at the same time maximizing profits. Man made the business, business did not make the man, therefore we must rule and reign over it responsibly.
As pointed out, the company has an obligation to various stakeholders. These stakeholders are her investors, the government and the customers. To the government, the company must ensure that it remits all taxes as required by the law. Secondly, Apple is obliged to work with the consumers through corporate social initiatives and lastly, to the investors, the company must work to yield returns for their investment.
The rule of law, simply put, is a principle that no one is above the law. This means that there should be no leniency for a person because of peerage, sex, religion or financial standing. England and Wales do not have a written constitution therefore the Rule of Law, which along with the parliamentary Sovereignty was regarded by legal analyst A.C Dicey, as the pillars of the UK Constitution. The Rule of Law was said to be adopted as the “unwritten constitution of Great Britain”.
Management has to comply with the Occupational Safety and Health Administration’s regulations, or risk getting fined. There are many cases where companies try to cut costs, violate rules made by OSHA, and hide any unsafe conditions or ask their employees to lie about it. Putting employees in danger to make a greater profit goes against their corporate responsibility and makes their company lack integrity. Upper level management should make policies against using unsafe practices and lower level management lying about work conditions. They should also promote that employees report unsafe conditions to management and not penalize employees for “whistle-blowing”. Johnson & Johnson’s credo states, “…working conditions [must be] clean, orderly, and safe” (Code of Business Conduct, 2015). Johnson & Johnson implemented a variety of programs to make sure their employees are safe within the workplace including: machine, electrical, contractor, warehouse, and office safety, hazardous processes, and fall prevention (Workplace Safety, 2013). Johnson & Johnson works to reduce their workplace injuries each year and even gets employees and their families to help come up with new programs to further reduce unsafe situations in the workplace. All this contributes to why Johnson &
The issue in this case is whether there is a legally binding contract between Roland and Bernie. The things that needs to be considered is whether there is an agreement between Roland and Bernie. If there is an offer and acceptance, then there is an existence of agreement. According to Section 2(a) of the Contract Act 1950, offer can be defines as when one person implies his/her willingness to another in order to acquire their consent. (Abdullah et al, 2011) The person who make the offer is known as ‘offeror’ or ‘promisor’. (Lee and Detta, 2009) An offer can be made in the method of orally, by conduct, writing or by the mixture of these forms. An offer must require an effective communication with offeree. The formation of contract when offeree accepted the proposal. (Dass, 2005)
Although it is legally enforced for the manufacturing business to make sure the working environment is safe and healthy for employees, it is also an ethical issues that organizations must address. The ethical aspect of providing safety for employees show that the organization cares about it 's employees and their wellbeing. Another ethical practice that the company wants to address properly is the act of obtaining
The consumer protection act (CPA) seeks to protect and promote the consumers interest through speedy and inexpensive redressed. The scope of the act is very wide. It is applicable to small and big undertakings, whether private or public sector. These acts give powers to consumer to fight.
Thus, consumer protection laws, prohibit unfair or defective acts from being practiced by companies.
In accordance with the above statement, this essay will examine the nature of the main objectives of competition law and how they are related with Articles 101 and 102 TFEU.