History of computer
Computer is a general purpose device that can be programmed to carry out a set of arithmetic or logical operations automatically. Since a sequence of operations can be readily changed, the computer can solve more than one kind of problem. In this modern era, computer is used by most people on their daily basis. Not only for work, computer is also used to shop, entertain us and also to write stories or journal. Almost everyone in the world owns a computer nowadays. Wether it is a laptop, notebook, or a home PC, it is a need to every household to own at least one computer. Computer price ranges from as low as Rm 800 to as high as Rm 20000. Computer came in various brand such as hp (Hewlett Packard) , Asus, Acer, Alienware, Dell, Toshiba, Samsung and many more.
Computer consists of at least a central processing unit (CPU) and a monitor. The processing unit carries out arithmetic and logic operations, and a sequencing and control unit can change order of operations in response to stored informations. Computers were made by our ancestors from as early as 1945 up until now and computer has been evolving very fast. Before computer were the size as a large room and now we can find computer as small as a book but lighter.
In 1945, John von Neumann wrote "First Draft of a Report on the EDVAC" in which he outlined the architecture of a stored-program computer. EDVAC which stands for (Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer) was one of the earliest electronic computer. Electronic storage of programming information and data eliminated the need for the more clumsy methods of programming, such as punched paper tape — a concept that has characterized mainstream computer development since 1945. Hungarian-born von Neu...
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...mpeting to produce the best of computer in the world. Japan produce the Toshiba brand while American is famous for Apple brand computer. Most of the computers nowadays used Microsoft as the operating system. Microsoft also famous for Microsoft office and Microsoft windows. This development has help millions of people in their daily life. Bill Gates, the founder of Microsoft become the wealthiest man in the world. This shows that a lot of people owns a computer. In this modern era, computer not only being used with a laptop or PCs, it can be found also in our mobile phones. That is why there is a saying that the world is on the tips of your finger meaning that we can gain a lot of informations from the computers. So , as a good computer user, we must make full use of the computer so that we can take full benefits of it and increase our knowledge from time to time.
Processor (CPU) – The processor, also known as the Central Processing Unit runs the operating system and other applications. It is constantly receiving data from the user or other active software. The data is then processed and then an output is produced which either will be displayed on screen or stored by an application.
1. A device is a computer if it has an input device, central processing unit (CPU), internal memory, storage, and an output device.
In 500 B.C. the abacus was first used by the Babylonians as an aid to simple arithmetic. In 1623 Wihelm Schickard (1592 - 1635) invented a "Calculating Clock". This mechanical machine could add and subtract up to 6 digit numbers, and warned of an overflow by ringing a bell. J. H. Mueller comes up with the idea of the "difference engine", in 1786. This calculator could tabulate values of a polynomial. Muellers attempt to raise funds fails and the project was forgotten. Scheutz and his son Edward produced a 3rd order difference engine with a printer in 1843 and their government agreed to fund their next project.
The history of computers in education starts with the MARK1 and ENIAC computers being used in 1944 and 1946 in Harvard and the University of Pennsylvania respectively. The first use of computers then in education was to compute problems in the mathematical, scientific, and engineering fields to allow students to deal with big problems they would more than likely encounter one day in a real world situation. In 1959, Donald Bitier began the “large-scale” PLATO project, which was a “several thousand-terminal system [that] served undergraduate education, as well as elementary school reading, a community college in Urbana, and several campuses in Chicago.” (Molnar)
The first generation of computers dated during the Second World War. Rich governments sought to develop missiles and cannons using computers to exploit their strategic needs. This increased the funding for computer development projects. In Germany, Konrad Zuse developed a computer named Z3, to design airplanes and missiles. Not to mention, in 1943, the Briti...
The fist computer, known as the abacus, was made of wood and parallel wires on which beads were strung. Arithmetic operations were performed when the beads were moved along the wire according to “programming” rules that had to be memorized by the user (Soma, 14). The second earliest computer, invented by Blaise Pascal in 1694, was a “digital calculating machine.” Pascal designed this first known digital computer to help his father, who was a tax collector. Pascal’s computer could only add numbers, and they had to be entered by turning dials (Soma, 32). It required a manual process like its ancestor, the abacus. Automation was introduced in the early 1800’s by a mathematics professor named Charles Babbage. He created an automatic calculation machine that was steam powered and stored up to 1000 50-digit numbers. Unlike its two earliest ancestors, Babbage’s invention was able to perform various operations. It relied on cards with holes punched in them, which are called “punch cards.” These cards carried out the programming and storing operations for the machine. Unluckily, Babbage’s creation flopped due to the lack of mechanical precision and the lack of demand for the product (Soma, 46). The machine could not operate efficiently because technology was t adequate to make the machine operate efficiently Computer interest dwindled for many years, and it wasn’t until the mid-1800’s that people became interested in them once again.
Without dragging on a long history and kill the excitements, I would just get started here, Charles Babbage created the first computing machine in 1822. He wasn’t planning to actually built a real computers that had millions of software’s in it but indeed a computer that actually solved math problem. He was sick of correcting math problems that all human brains couldn’t solve, therefore he thought of inventing something that would help him solve the headache, but then what he finally was a computer. Computer! What is an computer. As we all know computer is device storing and processing data, typically that binate, according to instructions given to it in a variable program. Computers are also known as PC, laptop, netbook, ultraportable, desktop or even terminal. A brief history on how was a computer was invented, computer was originally found being used in 1613 that meant “ humans who perform calculation and computations. The definition of a computer never changed until 19th century when humans began to realize machines never get tired and can perform calculations much accurately and effectively than any human beings that could ever do. More on, in World War II, mechanical analog computers were used for specialized military applications. During this time the first electronic digital computers were developed.the digital computers were a size of a large room,and it consumed power as 50 over personal computers. The machine contained fifty-foot long camshaft that carried the machine’s thousands of component parts. To prodeuced mathematical tables the MARK -1 was used but than soon it was superseded by stored program computers.
CPU Stands for "Central Processing Unit." The CPU is the primary component of a computer that processes instructions. It runs the operating system and applications, constantly receiving input from the user or active software
Computers and laptops help us in many things. These things include planning projects, saving and recording studies or events, and writing researches. Work is done much faster in computers and laptops in an organized and neatly way. With computers and laptops, not only work will be easier, but time will not be wasted. You can also browse the Internet using computers and laptops. The internet is the world’s largest library. If you want the world’s largest library, the Internet, in your own house, buy a computer or laptop first. You can search ...
“In 1946, John Mauchly and J Presper Eckert developed the fastest computer at that time, the ENIAC I. It was built under the assistance of the US army, and it was used on military researches. The ENIAC I contained 17468 vacuum tubes, along with 70000 resistors, 10000 capacitors, 1500 relays, 6000 manual switches and 5 million soldered joints. It covered 1800 square feet of floor space, weighed 3 tons, consumed 160 kilowatts of electrical power.”(Bellis, Inventors of Modern Computer)
Thousands of years ago calculations were done using people’s fingers and pebbles that were found just lying around. Technology has transformed so much that today the most complicated computations are done within seconds. Human dependency on computers is increasing everyday. Just think how hard it would be to live a week without a computer. We owe the advancements of computers and other such electronic devices to the intelligence of men of the past.
A computer is a combination of several parts. These parts are Random Access Memory (RAM), a Central Processing
In 1937 the electronic computer was born. Computers were in 1943 to break “the unbreakable” German Enigma codes. 1951 introduced the computer commercially. However, it wasn’t until around 1976 when the Apple II was introduced and it was immediately adopted by high schools, colleges, and homes. This was the first time that people from all over really had an opportunity to use a computer. Since that time micro processing chips have been made, the World Wide Web has been invented and in 1996 more than one out of every three people have a computer in their home, and two out of every three have one at the office.
A CPU has various discrete units to help it in these tasks for example there is an arithmetic and logic unit(ALU) that takes care of all the math and logical data comparisons that need to performed. A control register makes sure everything happens in the right sequence. The motherboard is the main circuit board inside the PC. All other components are either slotted into or soldered to this board.
In designing a computer system, architects consider five major elements that make up the system's hardware: the arithmetic/logic unit, control unit, memory, input, and output. The arithmetic/logic unit performs arithmetic and compares numerical values. The control unit directs the operation of the computer by taking the user instructions and transforming them into electrical signals that the computer's circuitry can understand. The combination of the arithmetic/logic unit and the control unit is called the central processing unit (CPU). The memory stores instructions and data.