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Analyzing the theory of Erikson
Analyzing the theory of Erikson
Analyzing the theory of Erikson
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A theory is a set of statements that describes, explains and predicts human behavior. Development of behavior starts during the prenatal stage up to late adulthood. Three theories that help describe behavior are the perspective of Freud, Erikson and Paget’s. All three theories have several similarities as well as differences. By comparing I hope to gain a better understanding of all three theories. Freud emphasizes on the life history of individuals. As a result, he created 3 parts of human personalities. The first one being Id which is the largest portion of the mind. This portion is unconscious which results in being present at birth. The next one is ego; this portion is conscious and begins to emerge in early infancy. Lastly is superego which is the conscience. This part begins to develop from ages three to six. Freud also explains the five psychosexual stages which are oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital. “Psychoanalytic theory suggested that personality is mostly established by the age of five.” (Cherry, n.d.). All five psychosexual stages help establish a personality at a young age. Unlike Freud which only focused on early development Erikson crated eight …show more content…
“According to Erikson’s theory, every person must pass through a series of eight interrelated stages over the entire life cycle.” (“Erikson’s stages of development,” 2016). An example would be basic trust and mistrust. This stage is from birth up to a year old. A baby develops trust when being held, fed, or simply being touched. If the baby does not develop trust it will result in the baby having insecurity and mistrust. Another example would be identity vs role confusion, this stage is during adolescence. During this age adolescents begin to discover their identity, those who do not begin to try to be like others which is also known as “fitting
Erik Erikson developed the psychosocial theory, and “he describes our social experiences during our whole life span using eight different stages” (Cherry 2015). The first four stages are “trust vs. mistrust; which describes how the child needs to be able to trust their adult figures, autonomy vs. shame and doubt; which is about person control, initiative vs. guilt; which is about children learning to lead others, industry vs. inferiority; which is about gaining a sense of pride in things” (Cherry 2015). The final four stages are “identity vs. confusion; which begins the sense of self, intimacy vs. isolation; which explores personal relationships, generativity vs. stagnation; which focuses on career and family, and the final stage being integrity vs. despair; which describes reflecting back on life” (Cherry
Sigmund Freud is credited with the establishment of the psychoanalytic theory. At the foundation of Freud's personality theory is that people are basically an energy system through which energy is directed and released through a means of expression that faces the lease resistance. Another aspect of Freud's theory is that the majority of one's development occurs in the early years of life, up until the age of five. There are three main stages: oral, anal and phallic. These may eventually become exemplified as types of adult personalities. Additionally, people's actions are ...
In this paper I attempt to describe the similarities and differences in both Erik Erikson and Sigmund Freuds ideas on development. I also attempt to describe the many influences that contributed to the creation of both Freud and Erikson's ideas of development as well as some background information on both theorists.
Erik Erikson developed eight psychosocial stages that occur through life. These stages help parents of younger children understand what the child is thinking and why they are acting the way that they do. For a person to become a well-rounded adult they need to succeed in each level. This essay will discuss the first six stages into young adulthood.
One of Freud’s major research accomplishments was his findings on infant sexuality also known as Psychosexual Stages. The first stage is the oral stage which 0-1 years old. This is the stage where sensual/sexual life begins. It is in the form of sucking the thumb, biting, and breast sucking. Fixation in this stage ...
Freud believed our personality fully developed by age six. He believed that humans are motivated by sex and aggression. Freud mainly viewed the human psyche from a psychosexual perspective. He theorized that the human mind is divided into three major components that determine
The first stage of Erikson’s theory occurs in infancy, which occurs roughly from birth to 18 months. Infancy is an important stage according to Erikson’s theory. In this stage, the individual learns how to trust other individuals. If all the individual’s needs are met in this stage...
From infancy to now, one is learning and growing. When one first learns about Erikson’s psychosocial theory, it can be surprised to learn how much we actually learn in just our first few years of life. In our first year of life, infants are learning trust. After the first year, young toddlers are now learning how to do concepts by themselves. In Erikson’s theory, these two concepts can be found as the first two stages of Erikson’s eight stages of development known as trust vs mistrust and autonomy vs shame and doubt.
Theorists have expanded our knowledge of psychology, influenced one another to broaden, and built upon each other’s theories to develop their own. One theorist who has built upon previous theorists was Erik Erikson. Erikson developed an eight-stage theory of identity and psychosocial development, which has countless strengths and weaknesses.
Sigmund Freud proposed a theory of psychoanalytic development; he stated that early childhood experiences and practices affect later development in adulthood. Freud’s stages of psychosexual development comprised of five stages: the oral stage (0 – 1 year), the anal stage (1 – 3 years), the phallic stage (3 – 6 years), the latency period (6 – puberty) and the genital stage (puberty –
The developmental theory I’ve chose is identity vs. role confusion. Identity vs. role confusion is the fifth stage of Erik Erikson’s theory. This stage happens during the adolescence stage between the ages of 12 to 19. Teenagers start to evolve a sense of personal and self-identity. During this adolescence stage, children are finding a sense of themselves and exploring their independence. When they start making the step from childhood to adulthood, teenagers can begin to feel insecure or even undecided about themselves and how they should fit in to our society. They will try to find what makes them comfortable for themselves, and to do that they may experiment with different behaviors, agendas and roles. Teens going in their own direction and
Psychosexual development, or stages, was considered a fixed sequence of childhood development stages, during which the id primarily finds sexual pleasure by focusing its energies on distinct erogenous zones. Sigmund Freud believed that every child had fully matured personalities by the age of six, but had to first endure five stages of development. Each stage had a certain fixation and interest that a child seemed to stay at before they matured to a teenager, and wherever the fixation lied, a problem or condition occurred later. The stages of psychosexual development were named the oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital stages; all stages were critically important to the development of any person.
Freud believed that a person’s personality is most influenced by the first three stages of psychosexual development: the oral, anal, and phallic. The development of a person in these three stages occurs between the first five years of his or her life. After he or she go through a latency stage before entering the final stage, also known as the genital stage, which occurs around puberty through adulthood. Erikson agrees with Freud on his theory of infantile sexuality, but disagrees that a person’s personality is only based on that aspect. All of Erikson’s stages are present at birth, in latent form, and gradually unravels according to their social surroundings. According to Manning (1988), “The Identity vs. Role Confusion is the most crucial stage of the developmental process. Adults and peers that the person surrounds themselves with ultimately determines whether or not...
Freud believed that humans develop through stages based on particular erogenous zones. Freud theorized that to gain a healthy personality as an adult, a person would have to successfully complete a certain sequence of five stages. Within the five stages of Freud’s psychosexual development theory, Freud assumed there would be major consequences if any stage was not completed successfully. The stages, in order, were the oral stage, the anal stage, the phallic stage, the latency stage, and the genital stage. In general, Freud believed that an unsuccessful completion of any stage would make a person become fixated on that particular stage. The outcome would lead the person to either over indulge or under indulge the failed stage during adulthood. Freud truly believed that the outcomes of the psychosexual stages played a major part in the development of the human personality. Eventually, these outcomes would become different driving forces in every human being’s personality. The driving forces would determine how a person would interact with the world around them. The results from Freud’s theory about the stages of psychosexual development led Freud to create the concept of the human psyche; Freud’s biggest contribution to
In 1905 Sigmund Freud introduced his theory of psychosexual development, that is, five stages of an individual’s life from birth and onward, in order to explain how one develops and identifies with their own gender. Freud’s five stages: The Oral Stage, which takes place during approximately the first 18 months of a child’s life, where oral stimulation is the center fixation as an infant learns how to suckle and feed, the Anal Stage, which takes place anywhere from the first to the third year of a child’s life, where the individual begins to control bladder and bowel movements, the Phallic Stage, which usually takes place around age 3-7, where the child first becomes aware of their own genitalia, as well as begin to distinguish the difference between the male and female genders. This stage is where Freud also hypothesized the idea of the Oe...