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The beginning of slavery 1600
The beginning of slavery 1600
Examine the realities of the middle passage
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Falconbridge’s account of the slave trade and middle passage was so vivid and descriptive that it made it hard to read. This is just but one person’s story about the Atlantic slave trade, and I am almost positive that there were more brutal and unfathomable tales that are still unheard of. One element of the slave trade that was graphically portrayed was the way slaves were transported and held. The nature of how these people were held and treated is soul-breaking. I believe the next line quoted gives but a glimpse of the slaves’ condition. “The confined air, rendered noxious by the effluvia exhaled from their bodies and being repeatedly breathed, soon produces fevers and fluxes which generally carries off great numbers of them.” (Falconbridge
One of the major questions asked about the slave trade is ‘how could so Europeans enslave so many millions of Africans?” Many documents exist and show historians what the slave trade was like. We use these stories to piece together what it must have been to be a slave or a slaver. John Barbot told the story of the slave trade from the perspective of a slaver in his “A Description of the Coasts of North and South Guinea.” Barbot describes the life of African slaves before they entered the slave trade.
The aforementioned topics of establishment in the New World and treatment of slaves on plantations were recurring throughout the book. The book did a good job illustrating why Caribbean countries like Barbados were central in the triangular trade between England, the West Indies, and America commonly comes up in middle school history classes. One of the hard to believe aspects of the book is the idea that merchants seemed to stumble into their fortune and were only where they were due to the work done by the slaves from before sun rise to after sun
Middle Passage -- refers to the forced transportation of African people from Africa to the New World as part of the Atlantic slave trade[1] and was the middle portion of the triangular trade voyage. Ships left Europe for African markets, where their goods were sold or traded for prisoners and kidnapped victims on the African coast. Traders then sailed to the Americas and Caribbean, where the Africans were sold or traded for goods for European markets, which were then returned to Europe. The European powers Spain, Portugal, France, England, the Netherlands, Denmark, Sweden and Brandenburg, as well as traders from Brazil and North America, all took part in this trade.
The book is very clear about their treatment by their masters. It emphasizes on the cruel treatment they were going through from their different masters. They were degraded, with little or no freedom. There was extremely physical and emotional abuse. The owners had no respect for their slave lives and hardships.
He does this by showing the awful conditions on the transports ships, the savagery of their masters, and the spread of disease on the ships. In an effort to show the terrible conditions of the ships, the author writes,” The fresh air being thus excluded, the Negroes ' rooms soon grow intolerable hot. The confined air, …soon produces fevers and fluxes which generally carries off great numbers of them” (2). The author is directing his document to the general public, as slavery was rampant at this time. He wants to show people that slavery is wrong and inhumane. He writes about how inhumanely the African Americans were selected by the Europeans in order to become slaves for them. The document is a firsthand account, and the author describes being on some on the ships himself while the slaves were being transported. Like the slaves, the author gets sick while he is on the ship. On his time on one of the transports, he writes,”…I nearly fainted, and it was only with assistance I could get back on deck. The consequence was that I soon after fell sick of the same disorder from which I did not recover for several months” (2). This article was written in a time where it was not very popular to be Anti-Slavery, so the author had a lot of courage to do what he did. His neighbors and a few family members were likely utilizing slaves at the time,
...nful portrait of what it was like to be enslaved and travel through the slave triangle.
To understand the desperation of wanting to obtain freedom at any cost, it is necessary to take a look into what the conditions and lives were like of slaves. It is no secret that African-American slaves received cruel and inhumane treatment. Although she wrote of the horrific afflictions experienced by slaves, Linda Brent said, “No pen can give adequate description of the all-pervading corruption produced by slavery." The life of a slave was never a satisfactory one, but it all depended on the plantation that one lived on and the mast...
Document E: Autobiography of a Former Slave is the most reliable source throughout this entire packet. This source was written by a slave, Olaudah Equiano, who was kidnapped at a young age by an African tribe and sold to European slave traders. In the excerpt, the former slave said “I was soon put down under the decks, and there I received such a smell in my nostrils as I had never experienced in my life,” this slave could not handle the smell he breathed. This explains to the reader that being so tightly together was a major problem, which caused diseases and infections. “I became so sick and low that I was not able to eat, nor had I the least desire to taste any thing.” This quote tells the reader that because of the horrible smells
Douglass utilizes imagery to identify the nature of desolation of the slave; the slave owner’s absolute dominance over the slaves manipulates the slaves understanding of sorrow, revealing the loss of self reflection as the nature of enslavement.
All were subject to harsh circumstances and the relentless fears of shipwreck and disease outbreaks. It took as long as five to twelve weeks, depending on the weather circumstances and point of departure. The captain and the crew workers treated the slaves like wild animals, giving them barely enough food to survive and leaving them to suffer with lice, fleas, and rats, which led to many diseases (“Middle Passage”). The records stated that about two –thirds of the fatalities were caused by malaria, yellow fever, and intestinal disorders (Postma 25). The enslaved Africans were linked with heavy iron chains around their hands and feet with barely enough room to lie down (Howarth). Constant odors of urine, vomit...
Document 14.1 gives more detailed picture about the Middle Passage; how and in what conditions slaves were transported from the African coast.
These four dramas did not operate in isolation, of course, but understanding the dynamics of each paints a more complete picture of how the trade was able to flourish for almost 400 years and how it finally was able to be stopped. Rediker's thesis spoke about the four dramas that were played out on the ships by “the ship captain, the motley crew, the multi-ethnic enslaved, and towards the end of the period, middle-class abolitionists” (6). These smaller stories within one set setting is what makes this book and its intent so brilliant. We hear tragic incidents such as “they died from starvation” or “they got separated from their family” and that’s it; that’s where most people stop at. Rediker forces the reader to acknowledge the depth in these
Although the middle passage involved the inhuman journey of the slaves to American; it did not start there. The middle passage usually began in Europe; mostly form Portugal to Africa. Europeans would trade things such as: manufactured goods, weapons, guns, bread, clothing, and even horses in exchange for gold, silver, and slaves from the Africans. In African it was common for tribes and villages to be raided to kidnap the women for their pleasures, and take the men for labor. The issues occurs when begins in the New World.
Additionally, the author provides a note at the end of the book including more information about runaway slaves which extends reader’s knowledge and conscience about the Underground Railroad. This incredible story tugged at all of my emotions, I felt sadness, anger, despair and happiness. I appreciate that the images and the text successfully convey the inhumanity of slavery without the use of overtly violent illustrations and words. I have to admit that this fabulous book inspired me to fight for my own future and believe that great things are waiting for me even if the reality looks
conditions aboard ship were dreadful. The maximum number of slaves was jammed into the hull, chained to forestall revolts or suicides by drowning. Food, ventilation, light, and sanitatio...