Introduction & Summary
Clinical Decision Support systems are systems that aid in the provision of person-specific information and knowledge to patients, medical practitioners, clinicians and other persons within a health care setting. This person-specific information is presented and filtered according to the requirements in order to assist in enhancing the health care services and the general health of the patient. CDS system is comprised of a variety of tools including computerized reminders and alerts to healthcare practitioners and patients; focused summaries and reports of patient data; diagnostic support; order sets that are condition-specific; reference information with contextual relevance and documentation templates (Health IT 2013).
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According to a report by the Institute of Medicine done in 2009, the annual spending from health care facilities was estimated at $750 billion where blood transfusion ranked high amongst procedures that were most performed, and this amount was deemed unnecessary and wasteful. The introduction of medical records that are electronically controlled has enabled the implementation of CDS systems that allows for quick alerts and notifications at the precise moment of critical decision making accompanied with the order entry of the physician. CDS implementation in health care facilities has minimized the patient’s blood transfusion percentages from 60% to below 30% for those whose level of hemoglobin exceeds 8 g/dL (Goodnough & Shah, 2014). The Electronic Medical Records (EMRs) implementation has brought about the provision of tailored feedback to the physician at the crucial order entry moment to enhance the promoting of appropriate use (Frank, Resar & Rothschild, 2013; Haspel & Uhl, 2012; Yazer & Waters, …show more content…
CDS studies revealed that about 68% of CDS trials conducted in health care facilities greatly lead to the improvement of the clinical practice (Kawamoto, Houlihan & Balas, 2005). CDS systems have been proved to show improvement of other blood components’ utilization such as for platelets, plasma, and cryoprecipitate (Collins, Triulzi & Waters, 2014). On a study conducted at Stanford Hospital and Clinics (SHC) where a Clinical Decision Support (CDS) system was implemented, the results revealed that annual Red Blood Cells (RBC) transfusions were reduced by 24%. And also the length of stay and mortality rates improved significantly (Goodnough, Shieh & Hadhazy, 2014). Through this, health care facilities are able to save on their annual net spending thereby reducing the cost of operations with an added advantage of patient outcomes being stable and ultimately improving from reduced blood exposure. CDS systems are also used in laboratory testing for overuse measure, in therapy to prevent an overdose of antibiotics and in radiology (Choosing Wisely
The pros of the CPOE system included that the prescribing of wrong medications was reduced, there were fewer errors with the patient’s basic information, orders for lab work, blood work, and medications were standardized; and mistakes in the ordering...
Similar to Global Positioning Systems (GPS) provide drivers with directions, detours, alternative routes, and alerts, Clinical Decision Support (CDS) systems provide health care professionals with guidance for important decisions associated with patient care. These systems have many capabilities including synthesizing patient information, suggesting diagnostic tests, providing alerts for life-threatening situations, recommending treatment options, and providing relevant evidence and best practices. Nonetheless, just as GPSs, CDS systems are not usually perfect as evident in the ongoing evolution of their design specifications and functionalities. Some of the major issues that are still evolving for CDS systems include alert fatigue and integration of evidence-based practice (EBP) resources and clinical guidelines. One of the major areas that can benefit from the adoption and integration of clinical decision support systems is community health nursing. These systems can be used together with evidence-based medicine to help improve the quality of health and patient care in community health nursing.
Introduction “Health informatics is the science that underlies the academic investigation and practical application of computing and communications technology to healthcare, health education and biomedical research” (UofV, 2012). This broad area of inquiry incorporates the design and optimization of information systems that support clinical practice, public health and research; understanding and optimizing the way in which biomedical data and information systems are used for decision-making; and using communications and computing technology to better educate healthcare providers, researchers and consumers. Although there are many benefits of bringing in electronic health systems there are glaring issues that associate with these systems. The
This technology assist the nurse in confirming patients identify by confirming the patients’ dose, time and form of medication (Helmons, Wargel, & Daniels, 2009). Having an EHR also comes with a program that allows the medical staff to scan medications so medication errors can be prevented. According to Helmons, Wargel, and Daniels (2009) they conducted an observational study in two medical –surgical units one in the medical intensive care (ICU) and one in the surgical ICU. The researchers watched 386 nurses within the two hospitals use bar code scanning before they administrated patients’ medications. The results of the research found a 58 % decrease in medication errors between the two hospitals because of the EHR containing a bar code assisted medication administration
Health care information system (HCIS) is an arrangement of information (data), processes, people, and information technology that interact to collect, process, store, and provide as output the information needed to support the health care organization (Wager, Lee, Glaser, 2013, p. 105). Having ready access to timely, complete, accurate, legible, and relevant information is critical to health care organizations, providers, and the patients they serve (Wagerm Lee, & Glaser, 2013). In the health care industry, the quality of care is one of the most important objectives for most health care organizations. The growing developments in health information technology have a great impact on the delivery of health care and have changed the systems used to record and share information. It has the potential to improve the quality of care if it is appropriately used. Health care organizations routinely apply computers and other technologies to record and transfer health information such as diagnoses, prescriptions, and insurance information.
...f clinical information systems in health care quality improvement. The Health Care Manager. 25(3): 206-212.
However, Mr. Williams shares with the CPOE model physicians can digitally write a script, look up patient DRG list, DRG interactions, DRG reactions, and DRG allergies. The CPOE model reduces more information to make a sound educated decision to provide quality service and care to patients. Computer Physician Order Entry (CPOE) “provides the most advanced implementations of such systems that provide real-time clinical decision support such as dosage and alternative medication suggestions, duplicate therapy warnings, and drug-drug and drug allergy interaction checking” (Glandon, Slovensky, and
Currently, we use the electronic health record system called Computer Programs and Systems, Inc. (CPSI). CPSI is “a l...
Clinical Documentation Improvement ensures that their health care system provides the accurate recording of medical records. The health information management industry (HIM) thrives over the improvements towards clinical documentation as medical assistance validates healthcare and optimizes their medical processing system. Clinical documentation specialist (CDS) is essential in order to alter the medical landscape in a positive measure as they provide detailed documentation and medical coding. Documentation requirements for Health Information Management (HIM) professionals intend on making the healthcare data obtainable from the additional diagnoses, which will require an enhancement of the documentation system. Thus, the ICD-10 is a new tool
In recent years there has been an increase awareness regarding the potential risk of blood transfusion leading to increase scrutiny of its use by health care providers. (6). Studies have shown that by 1990s, the transfusion for CS has decreased to 1.1-1.6 % (7, 8) in some centers but remained relatively high (5.2-6.8%) in others (9, 10).Review of the available literature shows that need for transfusion varies in various countries. (11-14)
Also, these studies question those who are effected; in this case, those who are most effected, is everyone. Doctors and nurses spend the most time working within these systems, but the information that is put into these systems effects every individual in America, because it is their information. Because nurses are often considered “both coordinators and providers of patient care” and they “attend to the whole patient,” their opinion is highly regarded (Otieno, Toyama, Asonuma, Kanai-Pak, & Naitoh, 2007, p. 210). It is clear that the use of these new systems is much debated, and many people have their own, individualized opinion. This information suggests that when there is a problem in the medical field, those who address it attempt to gather opinions from everyone who is involved before proceeding. It has been proven by multiple studies that this system of record keeping does in fact have potential to significantly improve patient health through efficiency, and it is because of this that the majority of hospitals have already completed, or begun the transfer from paperless to electronic (Otieno, Toyama, Asonuma, Kanai-Pak, & Naitoh,
There are a number of ways in which patient care can be improved with a facility that utilizes multiple charting systems. The simplest way to provide effective quality care is to implement the EHR. A EHR is an electronic system consisting of a complete patient medical health history of past and current conditions (Keller, 2016; Menachemi & Collum, 2011). In addition, to the patient’s demographic, diagnoses, medications, treatment plans, allergies, laboratory data, immunizations, and test results. EHR decreases medical errors such as misinterpretation of clinical notes, doctors orders, not having access to paper chart that have yet to be filed or has been missed file (Keller, 2016). EHR also allows for quick and easy access to diagnostic test results and patient notes that are needed for patient care. EHR will significantly enhance patient care by reducing the amount of time it takes the healthcare team to retrieve the needed health information to deliver patient care. It will also dramatically reduce medical errors that are associated with the nursing staff manually entering doctors’
Gong, Y. (2010). Case-based Medical reasoning. HMI 8571 Decision Support Systems in Healthcare. Feb 22, 2010. Retrieved on 2/22/10 https://hmi.missouri.edu/moodle/mod/resource/view.php?id=11201
Our clinical knowledge is expanding. The researcher has first proposed the concept of electronic health record (EHR) to gather and analyze every clinical outcome. By late 1990s computer-based patient record (CPR) replaced with the term EHR (Wager et al., 2009). The process of implementing EHR occurs over a number of years. An electronic record of health-related information on individual conforms interoperability standards can create, manage and consult with the authorized health professionals (Wager et al., 2009). This information technology system electronically gather and store patient data, and supply that information as needed to the healthcare professionals, as well as a caregiver can also access, edit or input new information; this system function as a decision support tools to the health professionals. Every healthcare organization is increasingly aware of the importance of adopting EHR to improve the patient satisfaction, safety, and lowering the medical costs.
From state and federal levels, the healthcare industry has come a very long way, experiencing changes along the way. The development of advanced technology that has enhanced the quality of healthcare delivery systems will help all patients to be able to benefit. Doctors are able to access patient records at a faster rate and respond to their patients in a much more timely fashion. E-mail, electronic transfer of records and telemedicine will give all patients and physicians the tools needed to be more efficient, deliver quality care and deliver quality telecommunication at a faster pace than before.