Change of Volume of a Gas
Planning-
Aim
* Determine how the volume of a gas changes with the temperature for
a fixed amount of gas and pressure.
* Determine absolute zero
Hypothesis
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Volume is directly proportional to Temperature
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Preliminary Test
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A preliminary experiment wsa carried out to test our apparatus. In
this test we used an alcohol thermometer to see if there was any
change in volume as the capillary tube was heated. Our results
suggested that an increase in temperature resulted in an increase of
volume of the air bubble.
Background research
When a substance is given energy the particles in it are given more
kinetic energy
I the case of a gas, the particles will move around at higher speeds.
Hot air balloons were extremely popular at that time and scientists
were eager to improve the performance of their balloons. Two of the
prominent French scientists, Jacques Charles and Joseph-Louis
Gay-Lussac, made detailed measurements on how the volume of a gas was
affected by the temperature of the gas. Given the interest in hot air
balloon at that time, it's not surprising these men should be
interested in the temperature-volume relationship for a gas.
The conclusion of this experiment is expressed in Charles' Law, stated
as follows.
The volume of a fixed mass of gas at constant pressure is directly
proportional to the absolute temperature.
The absolute zero of temperature has not been attained in practice; it
is a theoretical prediction found by extrapolation of experimental
resul...
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(i) Average air pressure,
(ii) Average Humidity
(iii)Average air temperature 20degrees centigrade
(iv) Situated on a wooden table
These should cause the
(3) I will disregard any anomalous results.
(4) I will make sure that all measurements are made accurately by
using a millimetre ruler
To make the results more reliable I will repeat each variable three
times and then take an average to form my results
Predictions
My predictions are based on the findings from the experiments carried
out by Charles
I predict that there will be a direct relationship between the volume
of the air bubble and the temperature. In quantities terms, terms I
think that the volume will increase directly proportionally to the
temperature (e.g. by doubling the temperature it will also double the
volume).
Thorough analysis of the graph displayed enough evidence suggesting that an increase in substrate concentration will increase the height of bubbles until it reaches the optimum amount of substrate concentration, resulting in a plateau in the graphs (figure 2). Hence; supported the hypothesis.
The Avogadro constant is named after the early nineteenth century Italian scientist Amedeo Avogadro, who is credited (1811) with being the first to realize that the volume of a gas (strictly, of an ideal gas) is proportional to the number of atoms or molecules. The French chemist Jean Baptiste Perrin in 1909 proposed naming the constant in honor of Avogadro. American chemistry textbooks picked it up in the 1930's followed by high school textbooks starting in the 1950s.
Thus Sealed Air is situated at a critical standpoint. It can either continue to deal exclusively in the manufacture of high-end coated bubbles emphasizing performance over price, or segment the market by introducing an inferior, inexpensive uncoated bubble. To this end, this report will analyze the industry, competition, and company internal environment to assess the viability of targeting this low-end market segment. A strategic marketing plan for launching an uncoated product will follow.
Volume's Effect on a Copper Sulphate Solution We are trying to find out if the current though a copper sulphate solutions volume is increased. To find this information out I shall perform an experiment using the following equipment; · 1 power pack · 1 beaker · 2 carbon rods for anode and cathode · 1 ammeter · 1 measuring cylinder · 2 crocodile clip wirers I shall also be using 60cm3 volume of copper sulphate in my preliminary results to decide upon the concentration of copper sulphate and the voltage I shall use. The following diagrams show the step by step process in which I will do my experiment; [IMAGE] [IMAGE] [IMAGE] [IMAGE] I will take 10 readings from 10cm3 to 100cm3. I will repeat my experiment to give my experiment a fair average. I will keep the power pack the beaker the carbon rods the crocodile clips the ammeter the concentration of copper sulphate and the measuring cylinder the same each time I do the experiment this experiment.
This lab was designed so that we, the students, could learn how to determine the molar volume of a gas effectively.
Repeat step 4 after another minute continue this for 5 minutes Beaker Start 1 2 3 4 5 Temperature change 1 59°c 57°c 56°c 55°c 52°c 50°c -9°c 2 72°c 71°c 66 °c 63°c 60°c 57°c -15°c 3 86°c 71°c 64°c 58°c 56°c 52°c -34° c 4 72°c 68°c 65°c 60°c 57°c 53°c -19°c Main Investigation ------------------ Aim To find out weather a beaker with a larger surface area cools quicker than one with a smaller surface area. Fair test To make it a fair test we will keep the following the same: Colour of tin - we will use clear beakers Amount of water - we will use 100ml
So in equation form this is: pV = constant if T is constant Amontons discovered that for a fixed mass of gas at constant volume, the pressure is proportional to the Kelvin temperature. So in equation form this is: p µ T if V is constant Shown below this is represented on graphs in (oC) and (K). [IMAGE] P [IMAGE] [IMAGE] q/oC -273 0 [IMAGE] P 0 T/K Charles discovered that for a fixed mass of gas at constant pressure, the volume is proportional to the Kelvin temperature. So in equation form this is: V µ T if p is constant.
The sullen narrative This Way for the Gas Ladies and Gentlemen poignantly recounts the events of a typical day in a Nazi concentration camp during World War II. The author, Tadeusz Borowski, was Polish Holocaust survivor of Auschwitz, the series of death camps responsible for the deaths of the largest number of European Jews. Recounted from a first-person point of view, the novel unfolds at dawn as the unnamed narrator eats breakfast with a friend and fellow prisoner, Henri. Henri is a member of Canada, the labor group responsible for unloading the Jewish transports as they arrive into the camps. They are interrupted by a call for Canada to report to the loading ramps. Upon the arrival of the transport, the narrator joins Henri in directing the prisoners to either life, in the labor camps, or to death, in the gas chambers. In reality the path is neither one of life or death, rather it is routing prisoners to inevitable death or immediate death. Regardless of how many times he is asked, the narrator refuses to disclose to the transport prisoners what is happening to them or where they are being taken. This is camp law, but the narrator also believes it to be charitable to “deceive (them) until the very end”(pg. 115). Throughout the day the narrator encounters a myriad of people, but one is described in great detail: a young woman, depicted as being unscathed by the abomination that is the transport. She is tidy and composed, unlike those around her. Calmly, she inquires as to where she is being taken, like many before her, but to no avail. When the narrator refuses to answer, she stoically boards a truck bound for the gas chambers. By the end of both the day and of the novel, the camp has processed approximately fifteen thousand p...
The Enzyme Concentration and The Volume of Juice As the enzyme concentration increases so too does the volume of juice. This is because as the concentration of enzyme molecules increase there is more chance of a collision with an apple substrate molecule. If the chance of a collision is increased then the number of collisions will increase resulting in a higher rate of reaction. The enzyme combines with the substrate to form an enzyme-substrate complex.
Also, when we put the insulation cans in warn water the water heated up the can. And lastly, in the insulated can experiments, both cooling and heating, when the cans temperature was changed it in turn changed the air temperature
Is it ethical or even helpful to try to impose order on a haphazard existence? Is it right to play God, to steal the limelight from the cosmos? Man used to ponder existence, but with the increasing possibilities of science, we now ponder our power over existence. In “An Experiment with an Air Pump,” Shelagh Stephenson uses symbolism associated with Isobel as a voice of foreboding in a society “enraptured by the possibilities of science” (3). Stephenson associates Isobel with a bird, a pile of bones, and a sheep to reveal the dark side of the “light,” the scientific revolution.
There is a lot more to know about bubbles. Hopefully your amazing demonstration will get your students interested in learning more about the science of bubbles!
Boyle's law states that the volume of gas varies indefinitely with the pressure applied to it.
Air is composed of molecules. Air is matter. It has mass and takes up space. Air is composed of different gases such as nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, water vapor, and other gases. Air molecules are in constant motion. As they move, they come in contact with surfaces. Air molecules push and press on the surfaces they contact. The amount of force per unit area that air molecules exert on a surface is called air pressure. (What is Air Pressure 6) Air pressure is caused by all of the air molecules in the Earth's atmosphere pressing down on the Earth's surfaces. We can measure air pressure to help us predict weather conditions around the world. Temperature also affects air pressure because air contracts when it cools and expands when it is heated. So if air above a region of Earth cools, it does not extend to as high an altitude as the surrounding air. In this case, its pressure at higher temperature is lower than in the surroundings even when the pressure at the surface is the same as in surrounding areas. Then air flows into the cooler region at high altitude, making the total weight of air above the region greater than in the surroundings. This is a "high". The cool air descends to the earth's surface. Near the surface, the falling air spreads out,