Introduction / Background All organism contain cells which need to produce energy. The way these cells produce energy is a process called cellular respiration. Cellular respiration is how these cells produce energy by turning glucose (C6H12O6) and oxygen (6 O2) into energy, water (H2O), and carbon dioxide (CO2 ). However, this leaves a large question, what factors affect cellular respiration? To test this we will use respirators to measure the lost oxygen of germinating beans and dry beans in room temperature water and cold water. The results we all expected to see was the germinating beans at room temperature to use the most oxygen. This was based on the idea that if a bean is germinating it would require more energy to grow and would …show more content…
We then proceeded to construct a device to measure the amount of oxygen used for each of these 6 groups. To do this we acquired 6 vials which were waited with a metal washed on the base. At the bottom of each vial, we placed an absorbent cotton ball which contained a few drops of KOH. KOH, also known as potassium hydroxide which absorbs carbon dioxide. e then placed a non absorbent cotton ball on top of the absorbent cotton ball in each of the vials. Each of our separated groups were then placed in a vial, one per group. All of the vials were finally topped of with a rubber stopper and a pipette which ran through the stopper. The pipette contain units of measurements in mL which show how much oxygen was lost by looking at the water moving towards the organisms in the vial. This device is called a respirator. We then filled out two black trays with water. One contained normal room-temperature water and the other contained ice water. Paper towels were then placed at the bottom of the tray to increase visibility of the markings on the pipette. Then one vial from each of the pairs created were placed into the room temperature water. These vials contained beads, beans and dry beads, and germinating beads. Water would then enter the pipette and would be recorded when its advance towards the vial significantly stopped. Each of the vials measures were then recorded every 4 minutes until 16 minutes had passed from the start of the vials submergence The same was performed with the vials not yet submerged, but they were placed in cold water. We then compared and analysed the data with each other and our expectations and drew a conclusion using this new
Cellular respiration is the process by which energy is harvested involving the oxidation of organic compounds to extract energy from chemical bonds (Raven & Johnson, 2014). There are two types of cellular respiration which include anaerobic respiration, which can be done without oxygen, and aerobic respiration, which requires oxygen. The purpose of this experiment is to determine whether Phaseolus lunatus, also known as dormant seeds or lima beans, respire. You will compare the results of the respiration rate of the dormant seeds, and the Pisum sativum, or garden peas. In this experiment, you will use two constants which will be the temperature of the water and the time each set of peas are soaked and recorded. Using these constants will help
To begin the lab, the variable treatment was prepared as the Loggerlite probe, used to later measure oxygen consumption, warmed up for approximately 10 minutes. To prepare the variable treatment, 200ml of Sodium and Ammo-lock water was measured in a container and a pre-prepared “tea bag” of tobacco was steeped in the room temperature treated water until a light yellow color was visible. After preparing the tobacco solution the preparation for the live goldfish began as two beakers were filled with 100 ml of treated water. Each beaker was weighed before addi...
The procedures for this experiment are those that are referred to in Duncan and Townsend, 1996 p9-7. In our experiment however, each student group chose a temperature of either 5 C, 10 C, 15 C, or 20 C. Each group selected a crayfish, and placed it in an erlenmeyer flask filled with distilled water. The flask’s O2 levels had already been measured. the flask was then placed in a water bath of the selected temperature for thirty minutes, and then the O2 levels were measured again. Each group shared their findings with the class. The metabolic rates of the mouse were conducted by the instructor and distributed. We also did not use the Winkler method to measure the O2 levels. We used a measuring device instead.
Overview of Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis Written by Cheril Tague South University Online Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis are both cellular processes in which organisms use energy. However, photosynthesis converts the light obtained from the sun and turns it into a chemical energy of sugar and oxygen. Cellular respiration is a biochemical process in which the energy is obtained from chemical bonds from food. They both seem the same since they are essential to life, but they are very different processes and not all living things use both to survive ("Difference Between Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration", 2017). In this paper I will go over the different processes for photosynthesis and the processes for cellular respiration and how they are like each other and how they are essential to our everyday life.
Humans, and all animals, use adenosine triphosphate (ATP) as the main energy source in cells. The authors of Biological Science 5th edition said that “In general, a cell contains only enough ATP [adenosine triphosphate] to last from 30 seconds to a few minutes”. It is that way “Because it has such high potential energy, ATP is unstable and is not stored”. They also state that “In an average second, a typical cell in your body uses an average of 10 million ATP molecules and synthesizes [makes] just as many”. In the human body trillions of cells exist. The average human body uses and makes 10,000,000,000,000,000 molecules of ATP every second. In one minute the human body uses 600,000,000,000,000,000 molecules of ATP. In one day the human body uses 864,000,000,000,000,000,000 molecules of ATP. In one year, this is equivalent to 365.25 days; the average human body uses and makes a huge amount, 315,576,000,000,000,000,000,000 molecules of ATP. For this example one mile is equal to one molecule of ATP. Light travels at approximately 186,000 mi/sec. It would take light roughly 53,763,440,860 years to travel that many miles. The sheer amount of ATP made in the cells of people is amazing! This essay will explain somewhat the main way of making all of those ATP molecules in aerobic organisms, aerobic cellular respiration. There are four steps that take place in aerobic cellular respiration, and they are: 1.Glycolysis; 2. Pyruvate Processing; 3. Citric Acid Cycle; 4. Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation (Allison, L. A. , Black, M. , Podgoroski, G. , Quillin, K. , Monroe, J. , Taylor E. 2014).
Positive and negative controls for this experiment were a positive control of mung beans and negative control of glass beans. The positive control being from experiment one during the lab section where germinated mung beans, dormant mung beans and glass beads were all examined and compared. Germinated mung beans were concluded to have higher cellular respiration due to the results, emitted the most amount of C02. The negative control of glass beads came from the same experiment except that the glass beads did not emit C02 the way that the germinated mung beans did and therefore could be used as a way to tell if future experiments were not working properly. Positive and negative controls are important because they allow for the researcher to test if their experimenting is functioning correctly by comparing it to results that are to be expected. For instance, if determined that glass beads do not emit C02 that would indicate that it is a negative control and thereby cannot be anything else. Germinated mung beans are a positive control because it could be determined from the results that it produced the highest amount of C02 and therefore had the highest cellular respiration, so all future results could be compared to it to make sure the experiment was not
Aerobic: If succinate is added to certain test tubes, then the percent transmittance of the mixtures in those tubes will increase. This is caused by the resulting higher oxidation states making DCPIP bluer, no due to the amount of mitochondrial suspension.
Abstract: In this experiment, the amount of oxygen gases produced by an aquatic plant was measured in various concentrations of sodium bicarbonate. The plant Elodea densa was submerged into two test tubes, containing a specific concentration of sodium bicarbonate for each individual group, and the total amount of O2 produced in mL was recorded for each test tube in a specified in amount of time. The data from the groups was collected a put into table. It was predicated that, with an increase in sodium bicarbonate concentration there would be in an increase in O2. The results were graphed, and using graphpad a t-test was administered. The results concluded the null hypothesis is rejected in favor of alternative hypothesis. The experimental results, did not match the predicated results, based on the graph, there was not a direct
Cellular respiration is the ability of a cell in an organism to metabolize chemicals in the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the main energy molecule of the cell. There are two forms of cellular respiration. Chemotrophic respiration, which is used by animals and phototrophic respiration (a.k.a. photosynthesis) used by plants and fungi. Chemotrophic respiration requires oxygen to efficiently make ATP and gives off carbon dioxide as a waste product. Photosynthesis requires carbon dioxide and gives off oxygen as a waste product. Further analysis of these two types of respiration will show why these processes are related and how they differ.
Aging affects all living organisms, which is characterized by the loss of cellular homeostasis causing systemic cellular dysfunction. In fact, both the mitochondrion and the actin cytoskeleton show age-associated declines in functions. As an organism age, mitochondria accumulate mtDNA mutations, which result in mitochondrial dysfunction. The actin cytoskeleton also declines with age. This affects establishment and maintenance of cell polarity as well as cellular and intracellular movement, which in turn contributes to age-associated declines in systems including the immune system and skeletal muscle. In addition, many age-related pathologies like neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s, display dysfunction in mitochondria and actin. Interestingly, Dr. Liza Pon’s
Cellular respiration is the method of breaking down organic molecules to release their stored energy. Plants and animals use cellular respiration to use energy. Aerobic respiration is the release of energy from glucose or another organic substrate in the presence of oxygen while anaerobic does not require oxygen. Cellular respiration takes place in the mitochondrion. The three phases of cellular respiration are glycolysis (fermentation), krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain. Carbon dioxide and water are products of the series of reactions involved in cellular respiration. Fermentation is one catabolic process that is a degradation of sugars that occurs without the use of oxygen (Campbell and Reece, 2008). These pathways help generate energy to fuel thousands of chemical tasks in a cell. Fermentation by yeast is used to make beer, wine and bake bread. This process is summarized by:
Humans transport things around the world just like the cell membrane. The cell membrane uses active transport which uses energy to move thing around. It also uses passive transport that doesn’t require energy at all to move molecules. In order for things to move around in the cell membrane, it needs the cell transport. The cell membrane won’t be a membrane without cell transport.
In this lab, we viewed Allium Root Tip and Whitefish Blastula cells under the microscope in order to view the different stages of Mitosis. The purpose of this activity was to visualize the process of cell reproduction, and the results of our experiment conclude that 44% of the Whitefish Blastula cells were in Prophase, 18% in Metaphase, 21% in Anaphase, and 17% in Telophase, so cells generally spend a longer amount of time in Prophase.
The Cell, the fundamental structural unit of all living organisms. Some cells are complete organisms, such as the unicellular bacteria and protozoa, others, such as nerve, liver, and muscle cells, are specialized components of multicellular organisms. In another words, without cells we wouldn’t be able to live or function correctly. There are Animal Cells and Plant Cells. In Biology class the other day we studied the Animal Cell. We were split into groups of our own and we each picked a different animal cell slide to observe. My group chose the slide,'; Smeared Frog Blood ';.
The objective of the experiment was to change the large oval cups liquid from the color dark navy blue to dark yellow. The hypothesis that was made is “if unicellular organisms can breathe, then cellular respiration can happen”. Data that has been collected during this experiment shows that unicellular organisms can breath and cellular respiration can happen in any living organism. There were no patterns of any sort during this experiment. Also, according to the data table that yeast needs food to be alive. Errors that occurred during the experiment was mixing materials. For example, the water dropper accidentally became a mixer for the yeast. The way this problem can be fixed is to have one dropper for each liquid and keep that dropper next to that liquid. This will eliminate the mixing of liquids of any sort. Overall the findings of this experiment show that unicellular organisms can breath and cellular respiration can