The Sensory integration frame of reference (FOR) has been used in occupational therapy treatment to treat individuals with Asperger’s syndrome ((Pfeiffer, Koenig, Kinnealey, Sheppard, & Henderson, 2011). Children with sensory processing deficits have difficulty regulating responses to sensations and stimuli (Pfeiffer et al., 2011). Therefore, the sensory integration FOR is designed to provide controlled sensory experiences so that an adaptive motor response is elicited (Pfeiffer et al., 2011). Interventions based on this FOR use planned, controlled sensory input in addition to the needs of the child and are characterized by an emphasis on sensory stimulation and active participation of the client (Pfeiffer et al., 2011). The objective of sensory integration is to improve sensory related behavior and attention and to increase abilities for children to interact socially, academically, and function independently (Pfeiffer et al., 2011). According to Pfeiffer et al. (2011), studies support the use of sensory integration interventions in children with Asperger’s syndrome. Preparatory: • Decrease tactile defensiveness and increase tactile discrimination. Games that involve deep pressure such as (rolling in a blanket, therapy ball to roll on patients posterior side of body) • Heavy work activities: actions involve pulling, pushing, moving, lifting and playing. These activities can improve attention, level of arousal, body awareness, as well as decrease defensiveness: o Jumping on a trampoline. o Riding a bicycle. o Bouncing on a therapy ball to provide vestibular stimulation and joint proprioception. • Wearing a weighted vest while performing activities. This provides even, deep pressure input for the child when their ... ... middle of paper ... ...al jungle gym) at the end of the week to motivate the child as much as possible. References Early, M. B. (2013). Occupational therapy and physical disabilities: Scope, theory, and approaches to practice. In M. B. Early (Ed.), Physical dysfunction practice skills for the occupational therapy assistant (3rd ed., pp. 7-14). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Mosby. Lopata, C., Thomeer, M. L., Volker, M. A., & Nida, R. E. (2006). Effectiveness of a Cognitive- Behavioral Treatment on the Social Behaviors of Children With Asperger Disorder. Focus On Autism & Other Developmental Disabilities, 21(4), 237-244. Pfeiffer, B. A., Koenig, K., Kinnealey, M., Sheppard, M., & Henderson, L. (2011). Effectiveness of sensory integration interventions in children with autism spectrum disorders: a pilot study. American Journal Of Occupational Therapy, 65(1), 76-85. doi:10.5014/ajot.2011.09205
Sacket et al, cited in, Duncan, E,A,S, (2006) Foundtions for practice in Occupational Therapy, 4th edition, Elsevier Ltd.
When horrific crimes occur in large cities, many of them can be chalked up to gang violence or to the larger population of that specific city. But when horrific crimes happen in small cities like Lincoln, Nebraska, people begin to ask questions like who did this and why. In 1958, a nineteen year old man named Charles Starkweather put the entire state of Nebraska and possibly the entire nation in a state of terror. With his murder spree taking only three days, Starkweather had collected a body count of ten bodies, including two teenagers and a young child. Understanding Starkweather’s past and state of mind begins to answer the second question of why.
- If all of the options were explored, and patient is given antibiotics and is treated without any pain or suffering than the treatment identifies with the ethnical principles of autonomy, non-maleficence, and veracity. In turn, Mrs. Dawson will be happy with the outcome of the procedure.
A common comorbidity of autism spectrum disorder is sensory processing disorder. Sensory processing disorder is the breakdown in the way the nervous system receives sensory input and translates it into the appropriate responses, motor and behavioral (Sensory Processing Disorder Explained, 2014). In the normal process, the first step there is some kind of sensory input, second, the nervous system processes this input, and finally the nervous system translates it into an appropriate response. For example, the child receives sensory input when a teacher lightly touches his hand to get him back on task, his nervous system processes this input and sends signals to the brain, finally the brain translate it into an appropriate response. In this case, the child quickly gets back on task. However, with sensory processing disorder there is a breakdown somewhere along this cycle. A person who suffers from sensory processing disorder will often find it difficult to process sensory input. There can be over processing or under processing. An example of over processing would be a child painfully reacting to this teacher’s light touch. Although this teacher only lightly touched the child’s hand, this caused discomfort for the child. Over processing can make light, sound, clothing, and even food unbearable. Whereas, under processing occurs when a child does not detect ...
Children with autism have multiple characteristic impairments in their social interaction skills. This results from the lack of “Theory of Mind” in autistic individuals. Autistic children have difficulty interpreting what another person may be thinking or feeling. Social impairments may cause the child to act inappropriately in social interactions and prevent the children from truly taking part in interactions. The children have difficulty recognizing social cues and responding to cues. Autistic children have a hard time forming relationships as a result of these impairments. Social stories, Applied Behavior Analysis, and Pivotal Response Training are three therapy techniques that help children with autism learn appropriate social behavior. Social stories allow the children to practice the situation in a lower stress environment. Applied Behavior Analysis utilizes positive reinforce to teach desired skills. Pivotal Response Training allows the child to learn social skills while in a natural play environment. Learning social skills through these techniques enable the children to have more meaningful relationships and engage more in their community.
A., de Rijk, A., Van Hoof, E., & Donceel, P. 2011). The therapist has to assess the patient to see if they have a need for splints or supports which may benefit the patient and then step in to help design the specific assistive devices needed. It is the job of the occupational therapist to come up with plans to overcome the inconvenient limitations while still helping the patient to reduce strain and prevent further damage by teaching them techniques that will conserve their energy. There are a variety of different ways to make daily living much easier. The most crucial part of therapy is assessing the patient's environment. All the people, cultural conditions and physical objects that are around them, create their environment. The behavior and development of people is a direct result of the interaction between them and their surroundings. A patient's behavior is greatly affected when they are mismatched with their environment. A person's environment match is present when the person's level of competence matches the demands of the environment. Full participation by the patient is required to make it practicable. “The science and practice of occupational therapy are well suited to develop, refine, and test approaches to translate therapeutic gains into
This paper was reprinted with permission of Susan Moreno on the O.A.S.I.S. (Online Asperger's Syndrome Information and Support)
Occupational therapy plays a huge part in the treatment of Autism. Teachers and parents often work together with occupational therapists to often evaluate the performance of different tasks through out the day and set specific goals for the child. These may include how he or she behaves in public, or interacts with others, or performs in the classroom, or all of the above. Therapists are often called in to evaluate a child doing everyday activities to determine what care is needed. The therapist can then develop a program unique to the individual. These specific strategies can help the child improve skills in various situations. (Webmd.com, 2014)
As Early Childcare Professionals it is important to have the knowledge and understanding of how children develop in order to provide the best curriculum for all children, including children with special needs. The objective of this paper is to discuss Asperger Syndrome (AS). This paper will delve into the history of AS, the general characteristics and the causes; as well as the effects on development in each domain. It will also discuss the learning challenges and how an Early Childhood Educator could create an inclusive and responsive environment for both the child with AS and the other students in the class.
I used to daydream for hours in elementary school about constructing a device that would apply pressure to my body. …
R.M. Lehman & G.L. McCormack, 2001. Neurogenic and Myopathic Dysfunction pp. 802-803. In L. Pedretti and M Early Occupational Therapy Skills for Physical Dysfunction 5th ED St Louis MO: Mosby
O’Brien, J. C., & Hussey S. M. (2012). Introductory questions. Introduction to occupational therapy (4-5). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier.
This case study is intended to analyze the movie When a Man Loves a Woman, and to provide worst and best case scenarios for treatment. This film depicts a family that is struggling with a family member’s alcoholic dependency. The mother, Alice Green, is a school counselor who has an addiction to alcohol that is causing her to experience problems in her life as a result of her use. Her husband, Michael Green, is an airline pilot that is very protective Alice and often steps in and takes over for Alice, even in her role as a mother. Alice has two children, Jess and Casey, which also bear witness to their mother’s deterioration from alcohol addiction.
Woodbury-Smith, M. R., and Volkmar, F.R. (2009). "Asperger syndrome". Eur Child Adolescent Psychiatry 18 (1): 2–11.
The inability of individual brain to collect and format incoming information (Suarez, 2012). An average of 90% of children who have Autism sensory is irregular (Suarez, 2012). This is a high quantity of children who are impacted by sensory disorder. They are different terminology to address the sensory processing disorders such as Sensory integration dysfunction and Sensory defensiveness. This issue also affects the child cognitive ability to effectively learn. Treatment use to help with this disorder is occupation therapy(Suarez,2012).