Nicole Marvin Professor Armstrong Econ 2301 05/06/2014 Case Study – 2001 Recession I. Introduction The United States has been through many recessions in its history, but I have chosen to focus on the recession of 2001. This recession only lasted from the months of March through November of 2001, but many things happened to our economy during these eight months of hardships, including one of the most traumatizing events in the United States of America’s history. “A recession is a significant decline in activity spread across the economy, lasting more than a few months, visible in industrial production, employment, real income, and wholesale-retail trade. A recession begins just after the economy reaches a peak of activity and ends as the economy reaches its trough.” (NBER) Not only did the United States experience a recession, but it was also the year our country went under an attack brought onto the World Trade Center, and this shook our nation up even more than an average event might. March 2001 ended a ten year expansion, and led to an eight month downfall of our economy, also known as the 2001 recession. II. Causes of Recession Many economists believe that the money put into computers in the late 1990s’ and early 2000s’ may have impacted the beginning of the 2001 recession, because of the Y2K scare. The aggregate demand for computers, and software sales began pushing the economy into greater debt, because the aggregate supply was greater than the demand, which caused more problems for investors, and how they were spending their money. The recession was not necessarily caused by demand for computers, but it most definitely affected the amount of money that the investors lost, before the recession had officially started. High... ... middle of paper ... ...e policies, and the many citizens working together to get the economy flowing successfully again, helped our nation pull through a very tough time. VI. Conclusion After all the research on this recessional era, I have concluded that the recession was not as extreme until the terrorist attack, which deeply affected the United States. The recession became worse after the attack, and many things were affected by this, including jobs, the government, and families. The fiscal and monetary policies would have been more affective as long as the terrorist attack wouldn’t have happened. The government handled the recession as well as possible, and the policies enforced worked, but not as fast as it could have. After working towards strengthening the economy for three years after the recession had officially ended, the government had finally gotten everything back on track.
Just as the great depression, a booming economy had been experienced before the global financial crisis. The economy was growing at a faster rtae bwteen 2001 and 2007 than in any other period in the last 30 years (wade 2008 p23). An vast amount of subprime mortgages were the backbone to the financial collapse, among several other underlying issues. As with the great depression, there would be a number of factors that caused such a devastating economic
As an illustration, Michael Grabell speaks about signs of recession in March 2009; and how the recession consumed many states across the United States in the fall of 2008. Employment rates were decreasing, Unemployment rates were off the charts and there were many house foreclosures. Furthermore, in Krugman’s Economics for AP* it goes more into depth about the signs of recessions and house foreclosures which can be seen in Module 2. Here, it talks about the many signs of recessions-- inflation, deflation and labor force, which is the total amount of people that are employed and unemployed. In addition to, which they are vigorously looking for work but are not currently employed. Moreover, a few modules ahead Krugman’s textbook also talks about what some individuals did to survive the recession. For instance, Home foreclosures caused tax revenues to plummet. Not to mention, how at the same time more people sought Medicaid and food stamps to survive the recession.
(Klein) President Roosevelt took many of these ideas and put money into public works to give people jobs, as well as giving subsidies to farms to keep food supplies constant and accessible. Advocates of this approach claim it to have been successful, and many of the programs that were set up during the New Deal softened the blow of the 2009 recession decades later. Though these reforms did little to stop the recession from occurring in the first place, they did allow people the ability to weather the storm for a few years while the economy stabilized. Removing them would only leave open the people who would be hurt the most in another
Economic development in the United States had become much stronger and more powerful during World War II, and the United States learned how to handle the economy better than any other country since then. The president during World War II, Franklin D. Roosevelt, has done a great deal of things, both good and bad, to resolve the problems of the United States’ economic crisis during his time. The most important thing he has done to the economy is that he designed all kinds of programs to explain his three R’s: Relief, Recovery, and Reform. Because of the success of President Roosevelt’s three Rs, the American government participated in economic affairs thoroughly, and has remained so up to this day.
Through his many programs designed to help the economy, laborers, and all people lacking civil rights, President Roosevelt did not put an end to the Great Depression. However, he did adapt the federal government to a newly realized role of protector for the people. Perhaps Roosevelt’s greatest blunders occurred in his attempts to fix the economy. The Nation claimed that “some [of his programs] assisted and some retarded the recovery of industrial activity.” They went so far as to say that “six billion dollars was added to the national debt.”
Since being founded, America became a capitalist society. Being a capitalist society obtains luxurious benefits and rather harsh consequences if gone bad. In a capitalist society people must buy products and spend money to keep the economy balanced, but once those people stop spending money, the economy goes off balance and the nation enters a recession. Once a recession drastically takes a downturn, the nation enters what is known as a depression. In 2008 America entered a recession and its consequences were severe enough for some people, such as President Barack Obama, to compare the recent crisis to the world’s darkest economic depression in history, the Great Depression. Although the Great Depression and the Great Recession of 2008 hold similarities and differences between the stock market and government spending, political issues, lifestyle changes, and wealth distribution, the Great Depression proved far more detrimental consequences than the Recession.
In 2008, the U.S economy went through the “Great Recession,” possibly as a result of inappropriate and ineffective regulation in the banking system, causing Lehman Brothers to file for bankruptcy. There was a large debt and housing bubble which resulted in plummeting real estate prices and financial securities. Peter D. Schiff’s “How an Economy Grows and Why it Crashes” uses comic illustrations and a simple storyline to teach readers about how the 2008 recession came about and how the U.S tried to relieve it using the ideas of credit, savings, and other economic concepts.
This may result in modifications of national directives to match local desires, which may negate the principles of federalism. However, the program has been mostly successful. Alongside the New Deal, it assisted many Americans to regain employment. In essence, it has improved the outlook of the national economy since the 1930s. Works Cited Ginsberg, Benjamin, Theodore J. Lowi and Margaret Weir.
Every few years, countries experience an economic decline which is commonly referred to as a recession. In recent years the U.S. has been faced with overcoming the most devastating global economic hardships since the Great Depression. This period “a period of declining GDP, accompanied by lower real income and higher unemployment” has been referred to as the Great Recession (McConnell, 2012 p.G-30). This paper will cover the issues which led to the recession, discuss the strategies taken by the Government and Federal Reserve to alleviate the crisis, and look at the future outlook of the U.S. economy. By examining the nation’s economic struggles during this time period (2007-2009), it will conclude that the current macroeconomic situation deals with unemployment, which is a direct result of the recession.
He not only provided relief for the weary, he wanted to help the nations masses recover from the economic blows from debt and crisis, and in the end he wanted to rebuild this great nation in order to prevent future collapse (Doc A). FDR faced many problems during his presidency; some he handled poorly while most others most were handled in a way that benefited the nation and the public. Roosevelt’s reputation for national debt was overshadowed by the amount of things he did to help the American work force, the economy, and change public morale. People were feeling better and working harder, based on the Puritanism way of life that Roosevelt unintentionally created. A working environment in America that expressed hard work and good values was prominent.
At the end of September and the beginning of October, stock prices began to decrease. The crash was caused by the nervous investors, which sold 16.9 million stocks on the New York Stock Exchange in one day. Many businesses invest most of their money in the stock market to make more money, but when the stock market crashes, so do businesses that have to shut down because they have no money. Most of the nation’s banks also failed because they had to put the depositors money in the stock market to increase, but when it crashed people lost most of their money. Many people started to lose faith in the stock market and “you can’t have a healthy economy without confidence in the market.”
The Great Depression was one of the greatest challenges that the United States faced during the twentieth century. It sidelined not only the economy of America, but also that of the entire world. The Depression was unlike anything that had been seen before. It was more prolonged and influential than any economic downturn in the history of the United States. The Depression struck fear in the government and the American people because it was so different. Calvin Coolidge even said, "In other periods of depression, it has always been possible to see some things which were solid and upon which you could base hope, but as I look about, I now see nothing to give ground to hope—nothing of man." People were scared and did not know what to do to address the looming economic crash. As a result of the Depression’s seriousness and severity, it took unconventional methods to fix the economy and get it going again. Franklin D. Roosevelt and his administration had to think outside the box to fix the economy. The administration changed the role of the government in the lives of the people, the economy, and the world. As a result of the abnormal nature of the Depression, the FDR administration had to experiment with different programs and approaches to the issue, as stated by William Lloyd Garrison when he describes the new deal as both assisting and slowing the recovery. Some of the programs, such as the FDIC and works programs, were successful; however, others like the NIRA did little to address the economic issue. Additionally, the FDR administration also created a role for the federal government in the everyday lives of the American people by providing jobs through the works program and establishing the precedent of Social Security...
What caused the Great Recession that lasted from December 2007 to June 2009 in the United States? The United States, a country with an abundance of resources from jobs, education, money and power, went from one day of economic balance to the next, suffering major dimensions of crisis. According to the Economic Policy Institute, it all began in 2007 from the credit crisis, which resulted in an 8 trillion dollar housing bubble (n.d.). This was said by Economist analysts to be attributed to the collapse in the United States. Even today, strong debates continue over major issues caused by the Great Recession, in part over the accommodative federal monetary and fiscal policy (Economic Policy Institute, 2013).
In economics, a recession occurs when there is a slowdown in the spending of goods and services in the market. A recession causes a drop in employment, GDP growth, investment, as well as societal well-being. All recessions are caused by a specific cause, but the Great Recession of 2007-2009 was caused by a crash in the housing market. This crash was triggered by a steep decline in housing prices. All of a sudden, people bought houses because there was an excessive amount of money in the economy and they thought the price of houses would only increase. (Amadeo, 2012). There was a financial frenzy as the growing desire for homes expanded. People held a lot of faith in the economy and began spending irrationally on houses that they couldn’t afford. This led to overvalued estate and unsustainable mortgage debt. (McConnell, Brue, Flynn, 2012).
The phrase “History repeats itself” is a commonly used paradigm when it comes to events that happen in a repetitive notion. The recession that has recently been witnessed by the millions is a great example of history repeating itself. How did it happen, did we know it was going to happen, and was there anything that could have been done to prevent it? There are a multitude of questions that could be asked, with the most important of them all, will it happen again? In just the past two hundred years, the United States has seen “Black Friday” in 1869, “The Great Depression” in 1929, and the most current recession of 2009. Recessions, depressions, inflation, economic boom, these are all terms used to describe the financial events that have taken place in the United States as far back as 1819. Known as the first major recession, an economic boom took place just after the war of 1812. According to an article in American History Magazine, most recessions that the US has seen last an average of 10 months, and reoccur on average every 4.6 years. It has become a cycle, a business cycle, one that we will most likely see several times over again during our time. These events among others that deal with financial crisis, weather it be a loss of stock or inflation of goods, have had a tremendous effect on our country, and is believed that it will happen again.