As can be observed from the income statement, net sales of Carnival Corporation have been increasing in the past two years. However, this increase does not necessarily mean that the performance of the company is improving. The capital used to achieve the sales results needs to be included in the assessment. Therefore, as the board of directors of Carnival, the assessment of the performance of the executive team over the past two years will be analysed using a set of profitability and operational performance ratios.
Table 3 shows the profitability and operational performance ratios used for this assessment. Balance sheets and income statement used for these calculations are shown in Appendices 1 and 2.
Ratio 2011 2010 2009 Trend
Return on Assets
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So, in retrospect, in 2011 the management did not utilise its assets to increase their profits as efficiently as it had done in the previous years.
The return on equity (ROE), which measures how much the shareholders earned for their investment, shows a trend similar to ROA and, therefore, its trend is also negative. In 2011, ROE was the lowest of the last three years at 9.61%. Therefore, the rate of increase in the company’s profit is less than the rate of increase in the amount of money the shareholders invested.
Similarly to the ROA and ROE, the return on sales (ROS), measuring the earnings before tax and interest expenses per dollar of sales, also decreased and in two years lost three percentage points. This occurred mainly due to a reduction in EBIT (earnings before interest expenses and tax) despite an increase in
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In this case, an increase in the operating ratio is also considered as a negative trend since this means that the ratio of cost of goods sold with net sales has increased, thus generating less profit.
The last ratio with a negative trend is the profit margin. In 2011, only 11.49% of the net sales resulted into profit. The results show that the net income (profit) relative to the net sales has decreased over the past two years.
The other four ratios, namely the asset turnover, the sales to account receivables, the sales to inventories and the sales to fixed assets are showing an improving trend. These four ratios indicate that the company is efficiently using its assets to improve the sales. The improvement in results shows that the credit practices of the company and the investment in fixed assets are aiding the company’s results.
The positive trend in the last four ratios discussed and the negative trend in the previous five ratios clearly show that the negative result is due to an increase in the expenses of the company. Sales increased year by year, however, the cost of goods sold and other expenses increased at a higher
(d) The account receivable growth rate from 2012 to 2013 was a decrease of 5.52% whereas the allowance for doubtful accounts went up by 12.10%. The sales account had a growth rate of 33.81%. From these numbers we see that the sales of Hydrogenics Corporation increased from 2012 to 2013. Since there was a decrease in the accounts receivable,
The company’s return on average equity nearly increased as well; in addition, long-term debt was reduced and stock prices soared. Negative Trends 1. Competitive pricing: Following the low operating costs, operating margin in the can industry dropped by 3% between 1986 -1989 due to; • Production capacity for beverage can increased by 7% in 1989 •
The analytical formats used in response to question number 3 are threefold; 1) trend analysis, 2) common size analysis and 3) percentage change analysis. The rationale for this three-fold approach is that all other ratio analysis is derived from these three. The utilization of trend analysis aids in giving clues as to the financial status of the company is likely to improve or deteriorate. Likewise, the common size analysis relates to the fact that all income statement items are divided by
Return on sales is decreasing and is below the industry average, but the goods news is that sales and profits have been increasing each year. However, costs of goods are increasing and more inventory is left over each year causing the return on sales to decrease. For 1995, it was 1.7% which is less than the average of 2.44% but is a lot higher than the bottom 25% of companies as seen in exhibit 3, which actually have negative sales return of 0.7%. Return on equity is increasing each year and at a higher rate than industry average. In 1995, it was 20.7%, greater than the average of 18.25% and close to the highest companies in exhibit 3, of 22.1% showing that the return in investment in the company is increasing, which is good for the owner.
The first method we will review is the accounting method. Through this accounting approach we will analyze specific ratios and their possible impact on the company's performance. The specific ratios we will review include the return on total assets, return on equity, gross profit margin, earnings per share, price earnings ratio, debt to assets, debt to equity, accounts receivable turnover, total asset turnover, fixed asset turnover, and average collection period. I will explain each ratio in greater detail, and why I have included it in this analysis, when I give the results of each specific ratio calculation.
Current Ratio – For the last three years was growing from 3.56 in 2001 to 3.81 in 2002 to 4.22 in 2003. The reason of grow is increased in Assets. Even though Liability was growing, Asset grow was more significant.
= == This section of the report will be composed of an interpretation of the ratios for both companies. All ratios that form the ratio analysis will be explained, and any trends from within ratios will be highlighted. OVERALL PERFORMANCE Return on Capital Employed: Net profit before tax and interest x100
Financial analysis -net revenue grew in 2013 and declined 2014 to 2015. Net revenue declined approximately 15% in 2015. The main reason causing this decline is the increase in fixed assets over one year, meaning, the company’s assets were just sitting idle. After ROA declined in 2015 (company is not profitable) it does appear that it is increasing by 4% in 2016 due to rebranding of products.
The return on assets shows investors how well a company can convert its invested assets into net income. Verizon has the highest ROA at 4.5, followed by AT&T at 2.0 and lastly NTT at 1.3. All three company’s maintain positive ratios which is good for investors as it shows at least some profitability; however, Verizon’s ratio displays that the company can effectively manage its assets and turn more of a profit than its competitors. The financial reports also calculate asset turnover ratio. The asset turnover ratio measures a company’s ability to get sales from its assets. The higher the ratio, the more favorable the company to investors and creditors. In this case NTT Systems has a better ratio than our benchmark company, Verizon. NTT Systems was the only company to have a positive asset turnover ratio at 2.8, while Verizon and AT&T were both negative at roughly .5 each. A higher ratio shows that a company better uses its assets to turn a profit.
Ratios for return on assets and return on equity offer support for the loss in stockholders’ equity. Return on assets went from 13.1 in 2000 to 5.1 in 2001 and return on equity dropped from 25.4 in 2000 to 8.7 in 2001. Return on equity represents return on assets divided by the difference of 1 and debts/assets.
The 3 percent decline in sales causing a 21 percent decline in profits can be attributed to the identification of the accounting concept of operating leverage. Operating leverage is what business managers apply to boost small changes in revenue into sizable changes in profitability. Fixed cost is the force managers use to attain disproportionate changes between revenue and profitability. Therefore, when all costs are fixed every sales dollar contributes one dollar toward the potential profitability of a project. Once sales dollars cover fixed costs, each additional sales dollar represents pure profit. A small change in sales volume can significantly affect profitability (Edmonds, Tsay, & Olds, 2011). So, therefore, if sales volume increases,
Before beginning an analysis of a company it is necessary to have a complete set of financial statements, preferably for the pas few years so that historical trends can be obtained. Ratios are a way for anyone to get an idea of the financial performance of a company by using the information contained in the financial statements. Ratios are grouped into four basic categories, liquidity, activity, profitability, and financial leverage. This document will use a variety of these ratios to analyze the firm, Sample Company, as of December 31,2000.
Any successful business owner or investor is constantly evaluating the performance of the companies they are involved with, comparing historical figures with its industry competitors, and even with successful businesses from other industries. To complete a thorough examination of any company's effectiveness, however, more needs to be looked at than the easily attainable numbers like sales, profits, and total assets. Luckily, there are many well-tested ratios out there that make the task a bit less daunting. Financial ratio analysis helps identify and quantify a company's strengths and weaknesses, evaluate its financial position, and shows potential risks. As with any other form of analysis, financial ratios aren't definitive and their results shouldn't be viewed as the only possibilities. However, when used in conjuncture with various other business evaluation processes, financial ratios are invaluable. By examining Ford Motor Company's financial ratios, along with a few other company factors, this report will give a clear picture of how the company is doing now and should do in the future.
... show that the company is growing and expanding, property and inventory, as a percentage of assets, should be increasing instead of decreasing. More property and inventory, if it is not owned by creditors, would also decrease their debt to total assets ratio.
The current ratio and quick ratios for the year 2003 are at 2.5 and 1.3, which are both higher than the industry average. The company has enough to cover short term bills and expenses. Both the current and quick ratios are showing an upward trend compared to 2001 and 2002. The current assets decreased by $ 20,264 to $ 1,531,181 and the current liabilities also decreased considerably by $255,402 to $616,000, a 29.3% decline, thus making the current ratio jump to a 2.5. The biggest decline was seen is accounts payable which decreased by $170,500 to $230,000, a decline of 42.6 %.