Most Americans know the story, October 24, 1929, Black Tuesday. The pivotal event that signals the start of the worst economic disaster in American History: the Great Depression. Prior to Franklin Delano Roosevelt’s election as President in 1934, Herbert Hoover presided over the nation’s frightful times. This was a time marked by soup kitchens, lines of unemployed persons, shantytowns called Hoovervilles and the Bonus Army’s march on Washington. The depression brought together people from all walks of life and united them under a common animosity and common target, President Hoover. The people came together through common association, through the Bonus Army, Hoovervilles, and through purely political motives intent on blaming Hoover for their …show more content…
These shantytowns were soon to be aptly named ‘Hoovervilles’ as people generally blamed Hoover for the poor state of the economy. Once such picture taken in Manhattan shows what appear to be relatively nice huts in a small Hooverville near some buildings. These huts, based on the title ‘Huts and Unemployed’ show two men, perhaps in their thirties, sitting outside of the row of huts; presumably, the men are unemployed and lost their homes as a result they have relocated to a small Hooverville. In regards to the appearance of the huts themselves, they appear to be relatively sturdy. It looks like they are made out of broken fencing, wood scraps, and cloths. This small Hooverville is in stark contrast to the ones near Washington D.C. as described by Hallgren. Hallgren writes, “the Hoovervilles […], communities of homeless families which have erected shelters out of packing boxes and old tin cans.” The Hoovervilles spoken of by Hallgren are described as being made from whatever could be found. However, the Hoovervilles near Washington D.C. sound rather poorly made, not sturdy, and barely qualify as shelter. On the other hand, the Hooverville pictured in New York is a solid wood structure with doors and wooden roofs. Nonetheless, these Hoovervilles brought Americans together. The homeless and unemployed were brought together under a common problem: not having a place to stay. They formed small-communities to attempt to support one another. Americans, blaming Hoover for their problems, named these communities
After nearly a decade of optimism and prosperity, the United States took a turn for the worse on October 29, 1929, the day the stock market crashed, better known as Black Tuesday and the official beginning of the Great Depression. The downfall of the economy during the presidency of Herbert Hoover led to much comparison when his successor, Franklin D. Roosevelt, took office. Although both presidents had their share of negative feedback, it is evident that Hoover’s inaction towards the crisis and Roosevelt’s later eccentric methods to simulate the economy would place FDR in the positive limelight of fixing the nation in one of its worst times. Herbert Hoover was sworn into office when the economic status of the country stood at its highest and the nation was accustomed to a prosperous way of living. When the stock market plummeted and took its toll on the citizens from coast to coast, it was out of his control.
Hoover is also vilified repeatedly for his inaction with the Depression. His personal policy and his party’s policy were designed to let the country find its own way, for if it became dependent on government aide, it would be a weaker nation that if it found it’s own way. This was a flawed assumption on their behalf though, because even in the 1920’s, there was a movement from many of the nation’s younger voters advocating change.
Hoover’s nation was coming out of a war and was facing an economy plummeting into an unknown Great Depression. Hoover proclaimed a need for reform of the criminal justice system, the enforcement of the Eighteenth Amendment, cooperation of government and businesses, the development of education, organization of the public health services, and maintaining the integrity of the He called for restoration with action, and promised solutions to the economic crisis, unemployment, world policy. He however, does remind the people, “We do not distrust the future of essential democracy. The people of the United States have not failed.”
Hoovervilles were small towns that were built by homeless people during the Great Depression. They were built with any scrap material that they could find. Hooverville houses were very small and lacked a lot. An entire family would live in one small hut or tent. Most Hoovervilles were next to soup kitchens to get food.
Many people looked to the federal government for assistance, but, especially before the government set up assistance programs, when the government failed to provide assistance many people “the shantytowns that cropped up across the nation, primarily on the outskirts of major cities, became known as Hoovervilles” (Lears 2). Hoovervilles were constructed of cardboard, tar paper, glass, lumber, tin and whatever other materials people could salvage. “Most shanties, however, were distinctly less glamorous: Cardboard-box homes did not last long, and most dwellings were in a constant state of being rebuilt” (Lears 2).
During the 1920’s, America was a prosperous nation going through the “Big Boom” and loving every second of it. However, this fortune didn’t last long, because with the 1930’s came a period of serious economic recession, a period called the Great Depression. By 1933, a quarter of the nation’s workers (about 40 million) were without jobs. The weekly income rate dropped from $24.76 per week in 1929 to $16.65 per week in 1933 (McElvaine, 8). After President Hoover failed to rectify the recession situation, Franklin D. Roosevelt began his term with the hopeful New Deal. In two installments, Roosevelt hoped to relieve short term suffering with the first, and redistribution of money amongst the poor with the second. Throughout these years of the depression, many Americans spoke their minds through pen and paper. Many criticized Hoover’s policies of the early Depression and praised the Roosevelts’ efforts. Each opinion about the causes and solutions of the Great Depression are based upon economic, racial and social standing in America.
The Great Depression America 1929-1941 by Robert S. McElvaine covers many topics of American history during the "Great Depression" through 1941. The topic that I have selected to compare to the text of American, Past and Present, written by Robert A. Divine, T.H. Breen, George M. Frederickson and R. Hal Williams, is Herbert Hoover, the thirty-first president of the United States and America's president during the horrible "Great Depression".
The Great Depression hit the United States while Hoover was serving his first and only term as president. In the end, the public saw Hoover as a man who began his presidency as a liberal, but who’s beliefs began to resemble those of a conservative towards the end of his term. The Progressive Age had come to an end by 1910 and big business thrived as Harding, Coolidge, an...
Where do you go when you have no home to go to? During the great depression, thousands of Americans were asking themselves this question. America’s economy was at an all time low, most people were laid off, and the few who weren’t had a major decrease in their salary. A large portion of America’s population was unable to afford their houses anymore. Lots of people went to live with family, but not everyone had a family who was able to take care of them. So where do these people go? The answer is hoovervilles, hoovervilles are groups of random makeshift shacks and any other things people were able to throw together for shelter. Most hoovervilles were in large cities because there were more job opportunities. Since there were so many people living in these camps, it was harder to control them. There was so much crime going on in hoovervilles that officials couldn’t stop it, and sometimes even made it worse. Hoovervilles were not very desired places to live.
The years berween 1929 and 1933 were trying years for people throughout the world. Inflation was often so high money became nearly worthless. America had lost the prosperity it had known during the 1920's. America was caught in a trap of a complete meltdown of economy, workers had no jobs simply because it cost too much to ship the abundance of goods being produced. This cycle was unbreakable, and produced what is nearly universally recognized as the greatest economic collapse of all times. These would be trying years for all, but not every American faced the same challenges and hardships. (Sliding 3)
Great Depression was one of the most severe economic situation the world had ever seen. It all started during late 1929 and lasted till 1939. Although, the origin of depression was United Sattes but with US Economy being highly correlated with global economy, the ill efffects were seen in the whole world with high unemployment, low production and deflation. Overall it was the most severe depression ever faced by western industrialized world. Stock Market Crashes, Bank Failures and a lot more, left the governments ineffective and this lead the global economy to what we call today- ‘’Great Depression’’.(Rockoff). As for the cause and what lead to Great Depression, the issue is still in debate among eminent economists, but the crux provides evidence that the worst ever depression ever expereinced by Global Economy stemed from multiple causes which are as follows:
The 1930s was a time of not only political turmoil abroad, but of economic chaos on the home-front as well. After President Herbert C. Hoover's Presidency took the blame for launching the ...
The Great Depression was a period, which seemed to go out of control. The crashing of the stock markets left most Canadians unemployed and in debt, prairie farmers suffered immensely with the inability to produce valuable crops, and the Canadian Government and World War II became influential factors in the ending of the Great Depression.
Since the majority of the population went bankrupt, they were evicted from their homes due to no money able to pay bills. People came home from work to find their houses locked and their belongings outside, they were forced to live on the streets and live in tent camps. Because of President Hoover's wide unpopularity, people began calling homeless tent camps “Hoovervilles” and an empty pocket inside a “Hoover Flag” (Concise Encyclopedia).... ... middle of paper ...
However, for the worst affected, the most difficult effect on morale must have been the lifelong memory of seeing their children and family suffer, and having no power to change this. For the lack of power to change the future is the exact opposite of the ‘American Dream’. References: Prosperity, Depression and The New Deal, Peter Clements, 2001, Hodder and Stoughton, London Letters To The Roosevelts, various authors, date and publisher unknown An Editor Loses His Job In The Great Depression, Hard Times: An Oral History of the Great Depression, Studs Terkel, 1978, Pantheon Books. Brother, Can You Spare A Dime? , Jay Gorney, 1932, Warner Bros. Music The Great Depression, Mc Elvaine R., 1984, Times Books, New York