Biomolecules
Kathryn Hammonds
Explain how the body functions using biomolecules. Biomolecules are an organic molecule in an organism. Polymers are broken down into monomers and grouped into 4 groups, proteins, carbohydrates,lipids, and nucleic acids. All these biomolecules do something for the body and every human being needs these things to survive. Without biomolecules you wouldn’t have energy and yours cells would not function correctly and without your cells working correctly your body would not function correctly. So without biomolecules a lot of things would go wrong in your body. So below I have listed proteins,carbohydrates,lipids, and nucleic acids. I listed their functions and structures and some interesting facts about them.
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Proteins are a type of biomolecule that all living things need in life. An example of proteins is amino acids, amino acids in food are milk, meat, eggs, beans, fish, cheese, and yogurt. Eggs are loaded with proteins and on of the most high proteins food. Amino Acids function through biochemical processes in anyone's body. Amino Acids do a variety of thing:they perform synthesis and hormones. Amino acids also regulate blood sugar. When you eat proteins your body breaks the protein down into amino acids.Amino acids also affect your mood such as:anxiety and if your calm, they help your anxiety. Your body only takes in 20 to 30 grams of protein at one time so anything above that your body won’t take in. A fun fact about proteins is if after you drink water if you eat protein it will last longer. Proteins maintain and help your tissue in your body. Our bodies are made of mostly proteins we ingest. Proteins is one of the main sources of energy that is why it is important to eat a lot of protein. You can also get a lot of vitamins out of eating proteins(B-vitamins,Vitamin B-6, and vitamins B-12). A interesting fact is proteins last a total of 2 days or less. A really good food that is loaded with a lot of proteins is dried fruit and avocados. Proteins help make enzymes, enzymes are needed to break protein down into amino acids. Enzymes are a type of protein but they do not make up proteins they are just needed to break them …show more content…
There are 2 types of nucleic acids:DNA and RNA. This is found in the nucleus of the cell and passes through genetics. Nucleic Acids contain phosphorus and nitrogen. The food that contain Nucleic Acids are:Livers/Organ meats, seafood, dairy products, and any types of nuts. Only nuts and dairy products are not very high in nucleic acids. In other words the function of nucleic acids are for storing genetic information that every person needs to function. Scientist say that the building blocks to nucleotides are polynucleotides which are really long chains of nucleotides. The 3 parts to a nucleic acid is 5 carbon sugars, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen base. Some interesting facts about Nucleic acids: Nucleic acids code your genes, they are used in protein synthesis, repair, and reproduction. A nucleotide is a double helix made of two strands of polymers. If we did not have nucleotides we would get information to our cells and we wouldn’t be able to code our genes. Another interesting fact is scientist 1st found Nucleic acids in the cell's nucleus. DNA gives kinda a blueprint off of how an organism is made in other words a genetic code. DNA and RNA are made up of Nucleic Acids, the base that make up the DNA and RNA is nucleic acids so it is important to ingest them so your cells can keep copying your
Carly Schuna, writer for HealthyEating.com, says “Protein-rich whole foods are more nutritionally complex than shakes, so they offer a greater variety of vitamins and minerals.” Since you go through the process of chewing them and they take a longer period of time to consume, they also satisfy your hunger more effectively and keep you fuller longer. Protein can be found in all meats, nuts, and even some plants. Voropay states “Dairy and eggs are some of the best sources of protein. Eggs have the highest digestibility score and are ranked as the ‘gold standard’ of all proteins. Beef happens to have the lowest digestibility score”. Aside from these foods, nuts are also high in protein and in healthy Omega-3 fatty acids, which promote higher neurological functions, incr...
DNA is made up of nucleotides, and a strand of DNA is known as a polynucleotide. A nucleotide is made up of three parts: A phosphate (phosphoric acid), a sugar (Deoxyribose in the case of DNA), and an organic nitrogenous base2 of which there are four. The four bases are as followed: Adenine (A), Cytosine
Proteins are one of the main building blocks of the body. They are required for the structure, function, and regulation of the body’s tissues and organs. Even smaller units create proteins; these are called amino acids. There are twenty different types of amino acids, and all twenty are configured in many different chains and sequences, producing differing protein structures and functions. An enzyme is a specialized protein that participates in chemical reactions where they serve as catalysts to speed up said reactions, or reduce the energy of activation, noted as Ea (Mader & Windelspecht).
Since DNA has the instructions for making the proteins, but it has to be highly protected, it doesn’t leave the nucleus where it is mostly found (Hall, 6). DNA’s function is to be a long-term storage and transmission of the genetic information (DNA vs RNA, 2014). Copies of certain instructions needed for proteins can be made in the form of RNA. It’s not an exact copy of what is found in DNA, but RNA can travel out of the nucleus with the instructions. RNA make...
There are nine amino acids that are considered “essential” for health, which we must obtain from our diets since our bodies cannot make them on their own. Some of the roles that amino acids/proteins have include helping to form and maintain muscle mass, providing energy for our cells and brain, helping store away energy for later use in fat stores, making your heart beat, and helping build the foundation of vital organs, including your heart, lungs and even your DNA, and supporting growth/development. Because of its ties to lean muscle mass and satiety in terms of controlling your appetite, protein is especially important as you age.
Chemistry dictates the structure of DNA. DNA is a polymer of monomers called nucleic acids. These are made of a nitrogenous base, a phosphate group and a sugar. It is the negative charge on the phosphate group that makes DNA an acid. There are 4 different bases: adenine, thymine, guanine and cytosine. In groups of three, these four bases can code for any protein coded for in an organism’s genome. Two strands of nucleic acids stack on top of each other in a double helix. The backbone of the nucleic acids consists of the interaction between phosphate groups and the hydroxide groups of nucleic acids. These are held together by covalent bonds called phosphodiester bonds. The helix itself is held together by hydrogen bonds. Although h...
Enzymes in general are very interesting to learn from and are fundamental in carrying out processes in various organisms. Enzymes are proteins that control the speed of reactions, they help quicken the rate of the reaction and also help cells to communicate with each other. There are 3 main groups of enzymes, first are the metabolic enzymes that control breathing, thinking, talking, moving, and immunity. Next are the digestive enzymes that digest food and normally end with –ase, there are 22 known digestive enzymes and examples of these are Amylase, Protease, and Lipase. The final group are the Food or plant enzymes which is what my enzyme that I’m studying falls under. Papain gets its name because it comes from papaya fruit, its main purpose is to break down proteins and break peptide bonds however it is not only used in the Papaya fruit and has many external uses. It was also very helpful in the 1950s when scientists were trying to understand enzymes. It also helps us to this day understand Protein structural studies and peptide mapping. Without enzymes, reactions in the body would not happen fast enough and would tarnish our way of life which is why it is vital that we study and learn from them.
As stated in the Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids (Macronutrients) ( 2005 ) proteins are made up of amino acids. Some proteins are insoluble in water like keratin. Some amino acids are produced into protein synthesis. Protein synthesis is when amino acids are arranged into protein through rRNA, mRNA and tRNA. Examples of proteins are beans, meat, fish etc. lack of protein can lead to poor healing of wounds, delayed growth etc.
When eaten, protein is broken down into amino acids. Proteins and amino acids are used for almost every metabolic process in the body, and are the building blocks for every tissue in your body.
In the most general terms, the nucleus is the command center of a eukaryotic cell. Although the origin of the organelle is unclear, it is believed that it is derived from a symbiosis relationship between a bacterium and an archaea (Martin W. 2005). Being the main hub for the inner workings of a cell involves different functions overall. These nucleic functions are determined by the genes within the DNA of the cell. Functions of the cell are also regulate by soluble proteins that come in and out of the cell via the membranes and specific channels or the nuclear pore complexes. The overall objectives of the nucleus include; gene expression, compartmentalization, and processing pre-mRNA. The functions of the organelles and sub-regions
the body's chemical reactions are all made of protein. Without the right proteins, blood won't clot properly and cuts won't heal. Carbohydrates and fat can't meet your energy needs, proteins can. broken down and used as a source of emergency energy. So this makes protein is very crucial for your health.
Proteins are considered to be the most versatile macromolecules in a living system. This is because they serve crucial functions in all biological processes. Proteins are linear polymers, and they are made up of monomer units that are called amino acids. The sequence of the amino acids linked together is referred to as the primary structure. A protein will spontaneously fold up into a 3D shape caused by the hydrogen bonding of amino acids near each other. This 3D structure is determined by the sequence of the amino acids. The 3D structure is referred to as the secondary structure. There is also a tertiary structure, which is formed by the long-range interactions of the amino acids. Protein function is directly dependent on this 3D structure.
In order to perform at peak potential an athlete must fuel their body with nutritious foods. Proteins, carbohydrates, fruits and vegetables; these three-core food groups fuel a winning athlete. Proteins help build, teeth, bones and muscles, and create enzymes, red blood cells, long-term energy, as well, boost the immune system. Its functions are the most diverse of any food group. Protein consists of combinations of structures called amino acids that combine in various ways to make muscles, bone and tissues. They serve other functions as well including nutrient transportation and enzyme production for overall health beneficence. Adequate, regular protein intake is essential because the body does not easily store it. Various foods supply protein in different amounts with the highest quantaty coming mostly from animal products such as meat, fish, and eggs.
You've probably heard about how influential protein is to gaining muscle, but it also gives you
Proteins (macronutrient), which are found in animal products, nuts and beans, they help to build new cells, maintain tissue and synthesis new proteins essential for performing basic bodily functions. Proteins are in abundance in the human body and are present in the outer and inner membranes of all living cells (Dummies, 2018). Proteins are essential for building new cells, maintaining tissue and helping new proteins needed for basic bodily function (