Bad Attitudes, Flat Tires, and and How Stress Affects Our Attitude From various studies that were conducted which involved how having a certain attitude toward a certain stimulus or an event (i.e. treatment, drugs, flat tires) would lead to an outcome specific to the attitude the stimulus or event is met with. For example, in a study conducted in Japan regarding cancer patients that if they should be told whether they have it or not, nearly ⅔ of the physicians believed that telling the patient their diagnosis would lead to a positive effect on them and that disclosure of diagnosis should be more advocated. In short, the outcome that results (Positive/Negative attitude) when faced with a stimulus or an event ultimately lies on how an individual deals with that so called “stress.”
Literature Review In Richard P. Baggozzi’s The Self-Regulation of Attitude, Intentions, and Behavior (Jun. 1992) Lazarus’s theory of emotion and adaptation involve coping stages when dealt with varying internal and external condition(s), an emotional response would occur. The coping stages: 1) Appraisal 2) Emotional Response 3) Coping. Referring back to the Psychology: Themes and Variations textbook regarding his theory, stress lies in the way an individual
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1981, pg, 797-801) written in the AMerican Journal of Psychiatry dealing with the topic, ‘’Does attitude toward psychosis relate to outcome?” in a follow up to a past study involving patients who had recovered from schizophrenia. The researcher came to the conclusion that by having a positive, integrating attitude towards their illness, this change in attitude would lead into a better outcome. However, researchers at NIH attempted to replicate these results with other schizophrenic patients but only managed to replicate a partial of the previous results. It seems that the outcomes of recovery vary dependently on an individual's perspective and “the absence of a negative attitude seems very critical.”
Sarbin, J., & Mancuso, R. (1970). Failure of a moral enterprise; attitudes of the public toward mental illness. Journal of Counseling & Clinical Psychology , 35,
Schizophrenia is a deteriorating progressive disease, consequently, it is resistant to treatment for the individual suffering schizophrenia. (Catts & O’Toole, 2016). In most cases the individuals suffering from schizophrenia, are resistive to treatment, in most cases, individuals suffering from schizophrenia, and are resistive in taking antipsychotics. (Catts & O’Toole, 2016). Jeremy doesn’t see himself as a “schizophrenic”, he states that “he’s happy naturally”, and often he’s observed playing the guitar and doing painting in his room. Weekly, he has an intramuscular medication to treat his disorder, crediting the support of his wife. It is indicated that the morality rate, in patients suffering from schizophrenia is higher, despite the considerable resources available, in Australia. New data show that in 20 countries, including Australia, only 13.5% meet the recovery criteria, which means that 1or 2 patients in every 100, will meet this criteria per year. (Catts & O’Toole, 2016). This means that there’s a decline in providing support and services to individuals like Jeremy suffering from a mental illness such as Schizophrenia. Many individuals become severely ill before they realise they need medical treatment, and when receiving treatment it is usually short-term. (Nielssen, McGorry, Castle & Galletly, 2017). The RANZCP guidelines highlights that
Many psychotic patients, especially schizophrenics, display a lack of insight into their disorder (Keefe 9). Lack of insight refers to an unawareness of having a disorder, unawareness of having psychotic symptoms, and a refusal of treatment. Some scientists include other more specific aspects such as patients' views on cause of their disorder and/or symptoms, hospitalization, control of situation, or perception of the environment. Only the three aspects listed previously, though, seem common to all definitions of what lack of insight encompasses. Lack of insight has been associated with schizophrenia for a while, with all studies on the subject reaching at least this minimal conclusion. However, there have been some differing conclusions on what causes lack of insight in schizophrenia. Two main hypotheses have been presented so far: one is a neuropsychological explanation for lack of insight in schizophrenia while the other is a cognitive explanation. Is lack of insight caused by frontal lobe dysfunction, as in anosognosia and Alzheimer's disease? Or is lack of insight simply a cognitive dysfunction with no connection to brain damage? A third idea is that lack of insight in schizophrenia is related to stigma. Many patients with schizophrenia may deny their disorder because of the stigma related to having schizophrenia. In this paper, I will cover first ...
Star,S.A.(1955). The public’s ideas about mental illness. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the National Association for Mental Health.
Schizophrenia is a major psychiatric disorder, or cluster of disorders, characterised by psychotic symptoms that alter a person’s perception, thoughts, affect and behaviour (NICE, 2009). Tai and Turkington (2009) define Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) as an evidence-based talking therapy that attempts cognitive and behavioural change based on an individualised formulation of a client’s personal history, problems and world views. CBT as a treatment for schizophrenia can be understood within a wider framework of CBT as applied to a range of mental disorders such as anxiety, post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and depression (Tai and Turkington, 2009). CBT was built on behavioural principles that emphasised clear relationships between cognition, physiology and emotion (Beck, 1952). This essay will analyse CBT as a therapy for individual suffering from schizophrenia. It will discuss briefly the historical background and the development of CBT, the aims and principles, the evidence base of the strengths and weaknesses of the therapy. It will discuss as well the implication to mental health nursing practice. The focus of this essay is on intervention and psychosocial in nature which will be brought together in the conclusion.
This short informative article is about stress and how it can weigh you down and how is can be harmful to teenagers or adults daily lives. Also, it gives examples how to deal with stress and , how to manage it too. In this short article Stevens quotes ‘’Stress is related to fear. Fear is the emotion we feel when we are faced with something dangerous whether real or not information from any of our 5 senses , or even our imagination can trigger fear’’. This is saying that when someone is faced with a dangerous event real or not that fear and stress can come to play and that's not good. “Stress for Success’’ shows fear and stress so does ‘’An Uncomfortable
Stress means different things to different people and stress effects people in different ways. Some people think stress is something that happens to them such as an injury or a promotion and others think that stress is what happens to our mind, body and behaviors in response to an event. While stress does involve events and how one responds to them these are not the critical factors, but our thoughts about the situation in which we are involved are the critical factors. Essentially, stress exists whenever homeostasis is disturbed or cannot be maintained (Stress and the Social System Course Guide, 2013). Homeostasis refers to the body's ability to keep the internal chemical and physical environments constant. As your body begins to react to stress several changes occur. These changes include increased heart rate, blood pressure and secretion of stimulatory hormones. Ones body prepares itself in stressful situations to either stand ground and fight or to flee from the situation. Walter Cannon called this stressful reaction the fight-or-flight response (Greenberg, 2012).
BIBLIOGRAPHY Arasse, Daniel. Complete Guide to Mental Health. Allen Lane Press,New York, 1989. Gingerich, Susan. Coping With Schizophrenia. New Harbinger Publications, Inc. Oakland, 1994. Kass, Stephen. Schizophrenia: The Facts. Oxford University Press. New York, 1997. Muesen, Kim. “Schizophrenia”. Microsoft Encarta Encyclopedia. Microsoft Corporation, 1998. Young, Patrick. The Encyclopedia od Health, Psychological Disorders and Their Treatment. Herrington Publications. New York, 1991.
.... This may push people out of the recovery process before they are ready and it challenges empowerment aspects and structural problems. It has also been argued that the recovery model attempts to hide the dominance of the medical model. This marginalizes those who do not fit into a recovery narrative. Professionals have said that majority of the people who a serious illness, such as schizophrenia, require both psychotropic and psychosocial interventions to help cure their symptoms during a crisis (Rosenson, 1993). Therefore, the recovery model has been criticized for its emphasis away from medicalization. In addition, it can be argued that that while the approach may be a useful for corrective measures, institutional and personal difficulties make it essential that there be sufficient ongoing effective support with stress management and coping in daily life.
The term ‘stress’ was generally thought to have been a concept created by Robert Hooke in the 17th century. He worked on the design of physical structures, such as bridges; his concept of stress came from how much pressure a structure could withstand. However, Lazarus (1993) pointed out that the term ‘stress’ has been used as far back as the 14th century, when it meant hardship or adversity. Back then it referred to the external stressor, such as the death of a spouse or financial worry; in the 20th century, there are many different schools of thought on this area. Hans Selye (1956), brought together the work of Cannon and Bernard and devised a comprehensive system of physiological stress; which he termed the ‘General Adaptation Syndrome’, and is a 3-stage process. He theorised that a certain level of stress called ‘eustress’ (Cox, 1978) could actually be beneficial to our overall performance. Later In 1976, Cox & Mackay devised another model called the ‘Transactional model’. This model takes into account the individual differences in the perception of the amount of stress experienced by the person. The main difference between these two models is that Selye’s model only accounts for the physiological side of stress, whereas Cox’s model takes into account both the physiological and psychological aspects of stress. Therefore, both models will have slight similarities and differences in their explanation for how stress occurs in individuals, which is the main focus of this essay.
Davidson, L., & Strauss, J. S. (1992). Sense of self in recovery from severe mental illness. The
...ic Attitudes, Personal Needs: A Survey on Schizophrenia by the National Alliance on Mental Illness. National Alliance on Mental Illness, n.d. Web. 28 Apr. 2014.
Stress is defined as “any circumstance that threatens or is perceived to threaten one’s well-being and thereby tax one’s coping abilities” (Weiten & Lloyd, 2006, p. 72). Stress is a natural event that exists literally in all areas of one’s life. It can be embedded in the environment, culture, or perception of an event or idea. Stress is a constant burden, and can be detrimental to one’s physical and mental health. However, stress can also provide beneficial effects; it can satisfy one’s need for stimulation and challenge, promote personal growth, and can provide an individual with the tools to cope with, and be less affected by tomorrow’s stress (Weiten & Lloyd, 2006, p. 93).
First, stress is defined as an unpleasant state of emotional and physiological arousal that people experience in situations that they perceive as dangerous or threatening to their well being (Patel, 14). Stress is a universal feeling to everyone but the word stress means different things to different people. Some people define stress as events or situations that cause them to feel tension, pressure or negative emotions such as anxiety or anger (Patel, 15). Other people may view stress as a process involving a person’s interpretation and response to a threatening event. In any case, stress has many facets of how one perceives and responds to the certain predicament that is ailing them.
Stress is a natural occurrence that most every person will experience at some point in his or her life. A stressor, as defined by Potter, Perry, Stockert, and Hall (2013), is any kind of event or situation that a person encounters in their environment that requires him or her to change and adapt. When a person responds to stress, his or her coping mechanisms and actions are individualized. No two people are going to handle stressful situations and cope with experiences the same exact way. Each person is unique and has his or her own customized way of dealing with stress. While some people are very open and honest about what they are dealing with, others keep their feelings bottled up. I find this topic so