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Papers on Autism
Paper on autism with literature review
Paper on autism with literature review
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Autism is a genetic disorder that typically appears during the first three years of life. There has been five chromosomes thought to be directly connected to autism. The disorder is a complex developmental disability. Autism is the result of a neurological disorder that has an effect on normal brain functions, affecting development of the person’s communication and social interaction skills. There are many different ways to classify autism; by difficulties in social interaction, verbal and non-verbal communication and repetitive behavior. Autism appears to have its roots in very early brain development, however most signs of autism become obvious around two and three years old. According to the U.S Centers for Disease and Control and Prevention about 1 and 68 American children are diagnosed with Autism. Studies have showed that autism is four to five times more common in boys than girls. Which is an estimated 1 out of 42 boys are diagnosed with it compared to an estimated 1 out 189 girls are diagnosed with in the United States. Autism rates. There is many different causes linked to Autism. The two main factors that are mainly discussed are that Autism is genetically inherited and autism is established via environmental factors. Autism is directly linked to five chromosomes. The five that are linked to it are chromosome 2, chromosome 3, chromosome 7, chromosome 15 and chromosome X. chromosome is defined as an organized package of DNA found in the nucleus of the cell. different organisms have different numbers of chromosomes. humans have twenty-three pairs of chromosomes. twenty-two of them are numbers chromosomes which are called autosomes, and one pair of sex chromosomes which are x and Y. Chromosome two is the second largest... ... middle of paper ... ...l awareness to the ability to process language and sensory experiences and integrate with ones own environment. Until research on autism and other developmental disabilities yields more information about how autism affects neurological function, children and adults who are affected will not be served to the fullest extent of our capabilities as providers of equal education and health care to all. It is only with more information about the neurological differences in the autistic brain that we will fully understand the best way to teach persons with autism so that they might participate to their fullest potential within their community. It is my personal belief that great progress will be made during my own lifetime and that a new level of outcome will be the normal expectation for parents when their child receives this shattering diagnosis during the next generation.
Autism: A Disorder of Conflicting Causes and Treatments. Despite its 50 year-old diagnosis, autism is still one of the most commonly contracted and rarely treated childhood diseases. Studies suggest that as many as 1 in 500 children may display autistic symptoms. Manifestations of this disability include the stereotypical physical contortions and hand-flapping motions commonly associated with autism, as well as inability to relate to the outside world, limited social skills, lack of concentration, and hypersensitivity to certain stimuli – particularly noise (1).
Autism is a brain dysfunction genetically passed down and resulting with abnormalities in the corpus callosum which allows for one to efficiently communicate. Amygdala which facilitates regular emotions and social behavior, and lastly the cerebellum which determines hand eye and motor skill as well as neuron activity that affect the brain in autism. Spect scans of children with autism show an unusual amount of nerve fibers in the brain. At birth their brains are disproportionately smaller than most beings but in short lapse of a year there brains grow rapidly and above average for their age at a year and a half old. All these facets play a role in the main reasoning for lack of transmission from one side to the other (delaying responses and reactions). In scientific research there is no clear explanation of which autism originates or is spawne...
Tens of millions of people have been diagnosed with Autism worldwide, effecting both genders, all races, ethnicities and people from all socioeconomic classes. In 2010 a Surveillance Summary was conducted in the United States, where it identified that one in 68 children are diagnosed with Autism (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2014). It has been recognised within this study that Autism has a higher likelihood to be identified in males, where one in 42 are diagnosed, than females, where one in 189 are diagnosed.
Most Autistic children have different abilities and task they can and can not do, It is important to raise awareness for children with Autism. Most people do not realize how many
AUTISM Autism is a life-long developmental disability that usually appears in the first three years of a child’s life. It interferes with normal development of the brain, preventing individuals with this rare disorder from understanding what they hear, sense, and observe. Although this severe disability is considered a child’s disability, autism is found in adults, interfering with normal social and emotional development. Anyone can acquire autism; it is put in place at birth. Boys, however, are more prone to it, as they are four times more affected.
There is no known single cause of autism. Researchers are investigating a number of possible theories including genetics, heredity, medical problems, problems during pregnancy or delivery, as well as environmental influences. It is widely accepted that it is caused by abnormalities in the brain structure or function. There is evidence from neuropathological studies that autism has its origins in abnormal brain development early in prenatal life which continues postnatally, showing acceleration in brain growth measured by head circumference (Zwaigenbaum, L., Bryson, S., Rogers, T., Roberts, W., Brian, J., & Szatmari, P., 2005). The disorder also seems to have a genetic basis, although researchers have yet to find the specific genes that link to the onset of autism. There could be a cluster of genes that have somehow interfered with normal brain development and function. Studies show that twins of children with autism were more likely to be autistic themselves than the regular population, demonstrating there is a heredity lin...
Isolated in their own worlds, people with autism appear indifferent and remote. They are normally unable to form emotional bonds with others. Although people with this brain disorder can display a wide range of symptoms and disabilities, many are incapable of understanding other people's thoughts, feelings, and needs. Often, their language and intelligence do not fully develop. This makes communication and social relationships difficult. Many people with autism engage in repetitive activities, like rocking or banging their heads, or rigidly following familiar routines. Some of those with autism are painfully sensitive to sound, touch, sight, or smell.
My mother worked in an integrated preschool that had kids with many different disabilities and also children without disabilities. Many of theses kids were diagnosed with autism, and a few that weren’t officially diagnosed but had many symptoms that could lead to a diagnosis of autism. I would go in every once in a while and help my mother and other teachers out when I was in high school. Around that time there was no diagnosis of ASD that I was aware of, it was simply known as autism. As I got older I was more and more aware of the fact that there was a wide range of autism based on the functionality of each individual. Some were high functioning and able to do most things by themselves where as others were heavily dependent on caregivers all day. I think that is when I really became more fascinated by ASD because it wasn’t a cookie cutter diagnosis; there wasn’t a set regiment for diagnosing or treating individuals with ASD. This paper is the most in-depth research I have done on ASD and have learned so much more about this diagnosis, which may come along with all the research that has been done since the last time I did a project about ASD. But these projects were also not as focused on treatments or as keen on the research part of ASD they were more of just what is autism and who can be diagnosed with
Autism is a developmental disorder which affects many small aspects of the person's life and can sometimes affect major parts. Autism affects 1 in 68 children and for most it’s a lifelong
...to grow and increase yearly, one can imagine the effect on society these rates already have, and can possibly have with continued growth. It will not be long before autism becomes the normal society. That is a concern will should all share as creatures of earth. All families that are faced with autism will find happiness with the life shared with an autistic individual. Sadly, these individuals face bullying, and social rejection. They deal with health care rejections, and limited services available into adulthood. A future unknown. Although these individuals are different, that doesn’t mean they are less. As humanity, we need to treat everyone as an equal part of this important reality we call existence. Autistic individuals are the quietest souls, but that may only be because we haven’t learned to pay attention. Autism speaks, so isn’t it time to listen (htt1)?
Autism usually occurs within the first three years of life, and drastically affects the development of a child. It is also the fastest growing developmental disorder in the United States (Autism Project, 2014). One out of eighty- eight children is diagnosed with autism, and boys are five times more likely to be diagnosed (ASDS 2013). Many areas of development are affected by autism. This is a disease that disturbs the brains normal development of communication, social interaction, and sensory processing (Inc 2013).
The number of children that display autistic traits keeps rising and the need for services is at an all-time high. Out of 10,000 children born, 60 to 100 children and families will be affected by autistic spectrum disorder (Gulberg, 2010). Autism is characterized by a lack of connection to other people, even parents, and an avoidance of interpersonal situations (Feldman, 2011). Children with autism also show limited, repetitive and stereotypical patterns of behavior, interest, and activities. Not one child with autism is the same as the next; each child has their own severity and indicators of autism. A child with intellectual disabilities and a gifted child can both be given the diagnosis of being on the autism spectrum, because of the wide range of severities. Many of these children will not attend special schools, but instead be included in the general education population by inclusion. Inclusion has been found to have a number of benefits for children with autism. In addition, negative perspectives have also come into play when discussing autism and inclusion. Furthermore, parents have the right to make decisions for their child on an individual basis.
There is also strong evidence of the Fragile X Syndrome as being extremely associated with infantile autism. Also, a nearly four to one ratio of autistic boys to girls points to a gender-linked inheritance. It is the convention that genetic predisposition, at least, is evident in many cases. Siblings are 50 to 100 times more likely to exhibit autistic symptoms than non-sibling relatives. The search for the genetic marker, or markers, as the case may be, is fast and furious at present.
These five developmental disorders are commonly known as Autism Spectrum Disorders. “The most common are Autism, Asperger's syndrome and Pervasive Developmental Disorder-Not Otherwise Specified (PDD-NOS) (www.learningdisabilitiesinfo.com).” Severe Autism, Rett Syndrome, and CDD are usually recognized before a child reaches the age of three. However, high-functioning Autism and Asperger’s are often times not discovered until a child enters school. High-functioning Autism and Asperger’s are frequently compared, considering children with these disorders express the same traits and characteristics. Conversely, the main difference between the two disorders is pragmatics, or language skills. A child with Asperger’s Syndrome is capable of communicating, but due to their social and developmental impairments, they cannot appropriately communicate with their peers. On the other hand, a child with Autism lacks language skills and requires spec...
Autism is cause by a combination of genetic and some environmental factors in the development of unborn or of age children. This happen more in males than females and there is not an answer for why, like some male babies born breach, lack of doctor visit by mom or poor health care. The study of cells, chromosomes, genes and other bio of how the human body is form and operates and diseases affect us.