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Dr king opposition in letter from birmingham jail
An essay about nonviolence protest
Martin luther king jr leadership characteristics
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Martin Luther King, Jr. and Aung San Suu Kyi both fall into a category of those who fought against the unjust of society to change. From Martin Luther with his change in the church through the Reformation, or Ghandi with his nonviolent protests against the British in India, they along with both Martin Luther King Jr. and Aung San Suu Kyi fought for a change in their society. Though King and Suu Kyi differ in their fight, they both shared the same motive that they wanted to fight for, equality for all. While King addressed the unjust in society through his “Letter from Birmingham City Jail,” conducted sit-ins, speeches and preaching nonviolence, Suu Kyi took another approach in her “In Quest of Democracy,” speaking only when the government …show more content…
allowed her, as she spent her days in confinement away from her family and secluded from her supporters. Suu Kyi once said, “When the king does not observe Dhamma, state functionaries become corrupt, and when state functionaries are corrupt the people are caused much suffering” (223). What Suu Kyi meant by this was that when the government does not protect the justice and virtue of the people and obtain the law for all in society, then that society will become corrupt, and if the society becomes corrupt then all will suffer. In Burma, the people are controlled and confined by the military and are being denied their rights. Suu Kyi believed that the power to conserve the justice and withhold the laws to all lay within the government, yet when the government could not uphold these rights of man then all becomes corrupt and all suffer so she took her beliefs and spoke out against the government. Coming up strong after the revolts and chaos that took place in Burma, she was arrested by the military that had taken control and selected who they wanted in office. The once already chaotic state of Burma became more corrupt under the Junta, military government, as they denied the rights of the citizens. As Suu Kyi stood up against the government, they suppressed her by imprisonment and keeping her confined in her own home only to allow her to make an appearance or speech for her followers. Being suppressed is something that King has also faced, however not to the extremes that she has.
King was put into Birmingham City Jail where he came across a letter written by eight white clergymen, enclosed in the letter were the views of those clergymen and their beliefs on the protests that King had conducted. In King’s “Letter from Birmingham City Jail,” he questioned them asking how they, as fellow Christians can believe that the unjust of society is just when select groups of that society are subjected under the rules and laws (Jim Crowe Laws) that the others of the society were not obligated to obey it. King believed that they would view his side and see the injust that was held in the society. Questioning and giving them examples to show the unjustness King showed in his letter the dehumanization and degrading that African Americans faced. “when you are humiliated day in and day out by nagging signs reading ‘white’ and ‘colored’; when your first name becomes ‘nigger’ and your middle name becomes ‘boy’ (however old you are)and your last name becomes ‘John’.”(207) King how the African American race wasn’t referred to as their name like the white man rather than a derogatory name, which made them feel under those who were not colored. Oppressed by society, oppressed by other Christians who believed in the same God as King himself did, he question how and why. How could the clergy men see the society they live in as just, how was it just to hose nonviolent protesters or set dogs on them. Why did they not see the wrong of society, as only the police who were supposed to protect all of the society and ensure their wellbeing turned a blind eye to the wrongs that the white man did and singled out the African Americans, arresting them for simply walking on the same side of the road that a white man did or for not abiding by the Jim Crowe Laws created just for the African American
race. Suu Kyi and King may have fought on a different template but their higher officials brings corrupt behaviors into play. They both fought for democracy. Democracy was the freedom for all, the opportunity to speak up about the government and not be punished, to fight for a change and to have your rights as men be upheld and protected by those higher up in society. Suu Kyi’s fight won her the Nobel Peace Prize and the support of many as she told the “Ten Duties of Kings” that would ensure harmony and tranquility within the state of Burma which is something that Buddhist believed in. King’s fight against injustice led him to the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, DC, with the “I Have a Dream” speech that talks about the democratic equality that America should have, his path he took to get there started to question. By questioning the acts of the government and society, on if injustice and unfair rules/ regulations where appropriate, for only certain groups just like Suu Kyi and Martin Luther.
In his Letter from Birmingham Jail, Martin Luther King Jr. uses his personal experience to convince others of the importance of revising the segregation laws that were in place during the 1960’s. In paragraphs 13 and 14 in particular, there is a lot of language used to persuade the reader’s opinions and emotions toward King’s argument. He does this not only to convince his fellow clergymen, but to inform others of the reality that African Americans faced in the 60’s. Right away in paragraph 13, King uses irony to give his earlier statements about freedom the sense of urgency that it needs: “For years now, I have heard the word ‘Wait!’. It rings in the ear of every Negro with piercing familiarity.
He remarks on his surprise and disappointment with the church and white Christians in general when he says, “I felt we would be supported by the white church. I felt that the white ministers, priests, and rabbis of the South would be among our strongest allies. Instead, some have been outright opponents, refusing to understand the freedom movement and misrepresenting its leaders” (King 9). This statement is incredibly powerful because he and other colored people have been hurt by the very system that is supposed to be accepting of all people. King thought that people of the church would act as an ally and support the colored people, but they did exactly the opposite. By saying this, King places guilt on the clergymen that hits deeper than individual guilt but on the church as a whole. Clergymen typically have an attitude where they want people to think highly of them and think they are good people, and this opposes that
Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. was arrested on April 12, 1963, in Birmingham, for having a protest without a proper permit. On the exact day King was arrested, eight clergymen from Alabama wrote a letter called “A Call for Unity.” The letter called for termination of civil activities and demonstrations and designated King an “outsider” and saying that outsiders were the problems in Birmingham and not the blacks that are from there. On April 16 King wrote “Letter from Birmingham Jail”, which was his responds to his fellow clergymen. He wrote the letter as a means to convince the clergymen and the white moderate that the nonviolent demonstrations that had got him arrested, were a necessity and to enlighten them on why the segregation laws in the southern states needed to be changed. In “Letter from Birmingham Jail” King uses logos, pathos, and ethos to persuade the clergymen and convince them in assisting him in putting an end to segregation laws of blacks in Birmingham, Alabama.
King wrote Letter from Birmingham Jail in response to eight clergyman. In Birmingham the racial discrimination was active thus he moved to Birmingham to abolished the racial segregation. there, he got arrested for protesting against the racial discrimination. Their demand for equality was never fulfilled despite their nonviolence action. He states, "oppressed people cannot remain oppressed forever. the yearning for freedom eventually manifests itself, and that is what has happened to the American Negro (349). American africans were separated from whites. Whites were considered superior and American Africans were inferior. The colored children goes to different parks, school. They were not accepted to white school. A colored mother says, "tears welling up in her eyes when she is told that Funtown is closed to colored children" (345).
King's Argument in A Letter from Birmingham Jail In Dr. King's essay Letter from Birmingham Jail, he addresses the claims made about his arrest by the eight clergymen. His responses are very long and detailed, giving a very compelling and moving point of view. His letter is directed to his audience, which consists of white middle class citizens who Dr. King refers to as the 'white moderates'. Dr. King's letter is very persuasive because his use of pathos makes the audience think or imagine themselves in the situation.
This letter was primarily written towards the clergymen, but is viewed by the the entire nation. King was sent to jail for parading around town without a permit. The eight days spent in jail allowed him to develop this letter to refute the clergymen. In his letter, King’s heart and soul was poured into this letter which can be seen through the length and the way he articulated himself towards the issue of segregation and racial injustice.
Through King’s peaceful protest, he works to find his definition of good life in equality, where peaceful protest can “create a situation. [and] inevitably open the door to negotiation,” (King). However, King’s attempt to overwrite centuries of oppression and rise against unjust laws doesn’t come without its own set of consequences and benefits.... ... middle of paper ...
In his essay "Letter from Birmingham Jail", Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. disproves the assumptions of people that believe racism is acceptable when he compares the maltreatment of blacks to the inhumane treatment of the Jews by Hitler. King establishes a relationship with his audience by connecting on a level that is larger than the exploitation of African American's rights. He forces his readers to think about the execution of millions of Jews that was ordered by Hitler. He makes it logically apparent in his letter that just because segregation is a law, it does not mean that it is just. These strong words by King help establish a common ground between himself and the reader that forces them to think about the immorality and injustice of their decisions. His thoughts and feelings are synonymous with the suffering experienced by African Americans in America during the civil rights movement.
wrote his Letter from a Birmingham Jail with a more literary kind of antithesis to express the need for the fellowship of the black people and the white people. In the fourth paragraph, King made the statement, “Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice anywhere”; the marginalization of one group and their rights showed that other groups were willing to oppress one another, and this should have been seen as a threat (Letter from a Birmingham). Using this antithesis gave King the ability to tug at the clergymen’s heartstrings, as they at the very least advocated for their own justice and wanted it left untouched. Similarly, while elaborating on the need for justice, King wrote, “Whatever affects one directly, affects all indirectly” (Letter from a Birmingham Jail, paragraph four). Only those in the focus would feel the immediate shock, but all would feel the aftermath, and by turning the phrase on itself and telling that anything that harms one, harms all, King created a sense of urgency, for the clergy didn’t want the side effects of something that otherwise didn’t affect them. In another account of King attempting to show the need for change, he noted, “... Our beloved Southland has been bogged down in a tragic effort to live in monologue rather than dialogue” (Letter from a Birmingham Jail, paragraph ten). Many called the South home; however, the purported greatness of their homeland was only suffering due to the parochial views that caused the citizens to rather read their own soliloquies than participate in the drama unfolding before them. This carried much of an emotional effect, as King’s target audience consisted of southerners -- such a powerful statement had the ability to hit them close to home and truly open their eyes to the sins committed. By employing the use of antitheses, King was able to show the contrast between the different sides of the same moral coin and
Dr. Martin Luther King addressed many topics in, “Letter from Birmingham Jail”. He answered all the issues that were aimed towards him in a very skillful and well thought out manner. These issues came from, “A Call For Unity”, which was a letter published by eight local clergymen expressing their feelings about what Dr. King was doing. One concern in particular that King did an outstanding job of confronting was that of the clergymen’s anxiety about him breaking the law. King addresses the question of, “How can you advocate breaking some laws and obeying others?” by clarifying that there are just and unjust laws. He also goes on to explain the difference between the two, the effect of unjust laws on the people that they are aimed towards, as
Doctor Martin Luther King Jr.’s essay “Love, Law, and Civil Disobedience” has two main features. The first feature of King’s essay is a call for action; action to bring about change. The second feature, the more easily viewed feature of this essay is a call for a specific type of action to bring about a specific type of change. The change King wishes to bring about is a peace and equality brought about through non-violent actions.
“In spite of my shattered dreams of the past, I came to Birmingham with the hope that the white religious leadership of this community would see the justice of our cause and with deep moral concern serve as the channel through which our just grievances could get to the power structure.” This appeal seems logical enough, the church is typically the first to offer aid and is usually quick to join a cause that benefits mankind. However in the case of Birmingham King said, “But again I have been disappointed.” This is because of the inaction of the southern white church who stood passively as their Christian brethren struggled, this is perhaps the greatest cause of King’s frustration. The idea that Christians would ignore the suffering of those around them was, perhaps, novel to King, who strongly believed in loving thy neighbor as thyself. For him this inaction was possibly similar to a slap in the face, to be ignored by other Christians whom he should have been able to rely on based on principle. King does mention a few noble white churches whom helped in the struggle such as “Reverend Stallings, for your Christian stand this past Sunday in welcoming Negroes to your Baptist Church worship service on a
On April 16, 1963, from a jail in Birmingham, Alabama, Martin Luther King Jr. composed an extensive letter to eight clergymen who condemned the timing of the civil rights movement. Although the letter was addressed to these eight clergymen, the Letter from Birmingham Jail speaks to a national audience, especially King’s “Christian and Jewish brothers”(King, 29). His peaceful but firm letter serves as a remarkably persuasive voice to an immensely chaotic mess, and is seen as a major turning point in the civil rights movement. King believes that without direct action, the full rights for African Americans could never be achieved. He defends the impatience of people in the civil rights movement, upholding that without forceful demonstrations, equality will never be reached. King upholds that human rights must take precedence over unjust laws. His eloquent language and use of classical argumentation make his case resilient and convincing. King’s expert use of pathos invokes anger, sympathy and empathy; his impeccable use of logos made his argument rational to all; and his use of ethos, especially his use of biblical references, makes his opinions more authoritative.
Despite the belief that fighting with violence is effective, civil disobedience has been tried throughout history and been successful. Fighting violence with violence leaves no oppertunity for peace to work. By refusing to fight back violently, Martin Luther King Jr. took a race of people, taught them the value of their voice, and they earned the right to vote. Henry David Thoreau presented his doctrine that no man should cooperate with laws that are unjust, but, he must be willing to accept the punishment society sets for breaking those laws, and hundreds of years later, people are still inspired by his words. Mohandas K. Gandhi lead an entire country to its freedom, using only his morals and faith to guide him, as well as those who followed him, proving that one man can make a difference. Civil disobedience is the single tool that any person can use to fight for what they want, and they will be heard. After centuries of questioning it, it appears that the pen truly is mightier than the sword.
Throughout his education, Martin Luther King Jr. tried to find a way to demonstrate his belief of racial equality with the most effective means possible. He quickly realized that the best strategy to end segregation was to use nonviolent forms of protest. At Crozer, Morehouse and Boston University, he studied the teaching of Mohandas Gandhi, who used nonviolent methods to help India claim its independence from Britain. King read several books on the ideas of Gandhi, and eventually became convinced that his methods could be employed by African Americans to obtain equality in America. King knew that any violence on the part of African Americans would lead to violent responses from segregationists, which would lead to injury or maybe even death for his followers. He had to teach his followers not to respond violently to cruel attacks from segregationists. King decided to sponsor workshops to train African Americans in nonviolent beh...