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Roman army superiority
Roman army superiority
Roman army superiority
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It is often believed that the Romans did not achieve empire until there were emperors in the government. However, the transformation to imperialism began when the Roman Republic began to turn to places outside of Rome itself, sparking the transformation of the Republic into the empire. The rise of the Roman Empire transpired not due to an offensive move, but rather a defensive strategy. Even though Augustus Caesar was the first emperor, imperialism in Rome began before there was an emperor because the Romans gained control of much land and were successful due to the prestigious Roman army.
Expansion began after a tribe known as the Gauls moved into the city of Rome. The Gallic Invasion was the last time Rome was invaded for nearly 800 years.
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An effort to overtake Carthage was a decision that almost led to the collapse of expansion. The Carthaginian commander Hannibal was extremely close to dominating the army by using Roman tactics. The near victory by Hannibal gained him much respect from the Romans. While the Romans respected those people they took over, that respect was not often reciprocated. After the Second Punic War, the Romans sent out a warning to other potential enemies. Roman forces attempted to move the city inland and the Carthaginians refused causing the Third Punic War. After besieging the city, the Romans were not done with the Carthaginians. The Romans insisted on filling their soil with salt, preventing anything from growing. The enslaved Carthaginians numbered around 55,000 after the Third Punic War and the treatment of these slaves varied …show more content…
Julius Caesar was then stabbed 27 times to his death and in his will adopted his great nephew, Octavius, and all of Caesar’s inheritance went to him. Octavius then tried to “restore” the Roman Republic, but instead become the first emperor of Rome under the name of Augustus. However it is known that Rome had already been an empire for several years. Lands that were conquered by Rome were all under Roman rule and therefore it is known that Rome was in fact imperialistic much before the first emperor took
From about 50 BCE to the year 200 CE, the Roman Empire was a powerful nation. Rome was the city that became the center of the Roman Empire and by 200 BCE Rome became a powerhouse. The Romans conquered Scotland to Spain, controlled the Mediterranean Sea, and established colonies in North Africa, the Middle East, and Asia Minor. By the year 44 BCE Julius Caesar became a Roman Emperor and Rome had a great military. Then around the 5th century CE the Roman Empire began to weaken. The primary reasons for the fall of Rome was because of the Roman Emperors, the Roman Army, and foreign invasion.
Augustus officially brought Rome into imperial status. Julius Caesar climbed the governmental ladder and ended up as the consul and eventually, dictator for life. When he was killed, all hope for the Roman Republic to be cured and survive was lost. By killing him, the senators ensured that the Roman Republic would either fall or continue to be corrupted. Had Julius Caesar not been killed, the Roman Republic could have been revived and cured of corruption, and the Roman Empire might never have existed.
Augustus was born on 23rd of September 63 B.C., he was born during the civil war when he, unfortunately, lost his father who was a Roman Politic. Luckily he was adopted by his uncle Julius Caesar was a Roman general and politician at the time. Caesar was in desperate need of an heir to take his place in becoming the Empire of Rome. At the age of 19, Augustus great-uncle was slain by his own advisors, which influenced Augustus to engage in Roman politics. Before Augustus became the emperor of Rome it was ruled by the Republican government, which was one of the reasons why Augustus lost his great uncle Caesar to conspiracy in the government. So in order to keep from being assassinated like his great uncle, Augustus brought an end to the Republic rule and felt that it was best for the Roman Empire to give all of the supreme power to the Emperor, in the imperial palace. He made a partnership with a general name Marc Antony to avenge his great-uncle's death, they defeated enemies of Rome. Both Marc Antony and Augustus were the most powerful and successful men in Rome divided the empire amongst each other, Augustus kept the west and Antony took control of the east Egypt. Octavius took the name Augustus in 27 B.C. when he discovered the participate (princess Latin word
The Romans would gain momentum on Hannibal by destroying some of its his ally towns and also his only hope for support: his brother Hasdrubal.
Julius Caesar emerged. He was able commander who led many conquests for Rome. In 59 B.C. Caesar set out for a new conquest. After nine years of constant fighting, he finally conquered Gaul. Pompey grew jealous of his achievement and had the senate order him to disband his forces and return to Rome. Caesar secretly crossed the Rubicon and killed Pompey then entered Rome. After crushing many rebellions, Caesar forced the senate to make him a dictator. Caesar launched many reforms such as public work programs and giving land to the poor. According to legend those in the senate murdered Caesar on March 15. Caesar's Grandnephew, Octavian, and Marc Anthony joined forces to capture his killers. However bitter feuds grew it soon became a battle for power.
Subsequently, competition for power led to civil wars that paved the way to the growth of a one-man leadership. Gradually, dictatorship replaced republic government, and when Augustus rose to power, he became the sole and undisputed leader of Rome. This marked the beginning of the Roman Empire, where the ruling was carried out through Augustus’ policies. Augustus’ foreign policy focused on the expansion of the Roman Empire. However, scholars have argued as to whether Augustus’ policy was out of aggressive conquest and greediness or simply, defensive imperialism.
In the antique land of Rome, a shattered visage of a man lies. This statue, in frigid stone, represents a man who built one of the most formidable empires in human history, all while setting the course for its eventual downfall. As the morning sun rises over the horizon in a blaze of glory, the statue illuminates and reveals the somewhat melancholic ivy as it slowly envelops the forgotten emperor. Beside the statue, hanging on a ruined stone wall, is a painting of the city that once stood tall and proud. The painting depicts a beautiful scene that shows a joyous crowd watching in awe as colossal wooden galleons triumphantly enter the city on a river. You stare into the painting and as you look deeper you find yourself transported back in time to an Empire long since lost.
Since the beginning of time, man has waged war on his neighbors, his friends and his enemies. In many cases these wars were caused by power-hungry nations that were in the process of expanding their empire and ended up stepping on the toes of another superpower or ally of a superpower. In the case of the first Punic War between Rome and Carthage, Carthage was extending its empire and they stepped on Rome’s toes. During the course of this war the winner was unclear but at times victory seemed eminent for both sides until Rome finally won. The Romans had control in the first part of the war but this would not last. After the Romans first win they decided that they needed a victory over the city of Carthage but this would turn the tides in favor of the Carthaginians. For some 15 years after this defeat of Rome the tides went back and forth between the two but would eventually lead to the Romans victory. After the victory, Rome made some very harsh demands and Carthage filled those demands even though some of them were very extreme.
Augustus Caesar (formerly known as Julius' nephew Octavian) was the first Roman emperor, and he both self-consciously and often sagaciously undertook to establish precedents that he believed would be in the long-term interest of both the city of Rome and the Roman empire as a whole. The Roman historian and gossip Suetonius tells us that at his death Augustus left behind three scrolls. Instructions for his funeral, a list of his accomplishments, to be inscribed on bronze tablets and placed at the entry to his mausoleum, and a kind of "state-of-the-empire" document full of information about the number of soldiers in various regions, the money in the various treasuries, and similar vital information, as well as the names of the accountants who
The Roman Empire In 27 BC, Augustus became the first emperor of Rome, thus creating a strong leader figure, which could shape and mold the Republic system into what was best for the empire or themselves. During the reign of the emperors, the political policies for Rome would vary according to, which emperor was in power. Not only were politics shaky, but there never was a clear-cut method of succession for the man who controlled those politics. Rome had created the position of emperor in hopes that men like Augustus would continue to lead her into prosperity, however the office of emperor struggled in attempting to find great men to lead Rome. The office never truly evolved into something greater than when it had been created, but rather the office varied according to the personality of the man in the position.
As the story goes, Rome was founding in 753 B.C. by two brothers Remus and Romulus who were raised by wolves. The two brothers started fighting over the leadership of the land. Eventually Romulus killed Remus and took control own his own. The city was only a small settlement at that time. As the civilization grew, the Etruscans took over. The Romans drove out the Etruscans in 509 B.C. By this time Rome had become a city. As the empire came to its peak it included lands throughout the Mediterranean world. Rome had first expanded into other parts of Italy and neighboring places during the Roman Republic, but made wider conquests and made a strong political power for these lands. In 44 BC Gaius Julius Caesar, the Roman leader who ruled the Roman Republic as a dictator was assassinated. Rome descended into more than ten years of civil war. After years of civil war, Caesar's heir Gaius Octavius (also known as Octavian) defeated his last rivals. In 27 B.C. the Senate gave him the name Augustus, meaning the exalted or holy one. In this way Augustus established the monarchy that became known as the Roman Empire. The Roman Republic, which lasted nearly 500 years, did not exist anymore. The emperor Augustus reigned from 27 BC to AD 14 and ruled with great power. He had reestabl...
When the Roman fleet was ready it sailed to meet the Carthaginians at the northern coast of Sicily, under the command of Duilius where they earned the victory. After that, the Romans attempted to take the war to Africa where, however, were defeated and their commander Regulus was kept as a prisoner. The war between Rome and Carthage held for many years, as which one was superior to the other.(Morey,
Even before the war started, Hannibal knew what he was going to do. Since Carthage had no navy, there was no hope of going directly from Carthage to Italy over the Mediterranean Sea. Hannibal thought up a dangerous but ingenious plan. In order to get to Italy over land, Hannibal and his army would have to travel from Carthage-controlled Spain across the Alps and into the heart of the enemy. Hannibal left in the cold winter of 218 B.C. with 50,000 infantry, 9,000 cavalry, and 37 war elephants. While crossing the Alps, “Hannibal’s force suffered greatly from the elements and the hostility of the local tribesmen” (Beshara, 3). By the time they reached Italy, after only fourteen days, over 9,000 men had perished along with most of the elephants, but this number was soon replenished after 14,000 northern Gaul rebels joined Hannibal’s army. This group of 60,000 men proved superior to the Roman forces, and after at least three recorded major victories, the Roman senate was exasperated. An army of 80,000 Roman soldiers was sent to stop Hannibal’s army of now 50,000 once and for all. In July of 216 B.C., the Romans engaged the Carthaginians in “the neighborhood of Cannae on the Italian east coast” (Lendering, 2). Greatly outnumbered, Hannibal realized that he would have to win by strategy, and that is exactly what he did. As the two lines met, Hannibal’s cavalry gained the flanks and, moving up the sides, attacked the rear of the Roman line.
Once Hannibal conquered this city Rome declared war. The Carthaginians now had a new war general, and were seeking revenge on Rome. Hannibal, their new war general, led an attack on Saguntum, which was a Roman allied city. After this attack the Romans declared war, starting the Second Punic War. It is said that the Second Punic War was one of the biggest struggles in history.
Augustus Caesar was very ambitious leader. He is best known for bringing peace to Rome. Augustus was considered the first great roman emperor, because He didn’t care about wealth and fortune. Augustus cared about the people of Rome. He was a great military leader and was successful in most of his missions. He showed people that being a good ruler requires a lot of hard work and dedication. He was a very generous man. Augustus was greatly admired by the Roman people.