Aryan Invasion Theory
The major theory that has been repeated throughout time, to interrupt
the evolution of India and migration of man, has been the Aryan
Invasion Theory. According to this account, India was invaded and
conquered by a nomadic tribe of Indo-European tribes from Central Asia
around 1500-100 BC. It was said that these light skinned nomads fought
a major battle with the darker skinned "Dravidian Civilization, from
which they took most of what later, became the Hindu culture." The
Aryan Invasion Theory is based upon ruins that were discovered in the
Indus valley. The Aryan people also cite how the Aryan Vedic
scriptures explain a war between the powers of light and darkness.
This was therefore interpreted throughout time, to mean that the war
occurred between a lighter skinned civilization (Aryans) and more dark
skinned civilization. Scholars believed that the Aryans came into
India around the time of 1500 BC, since the Indus Valley culture was
earlier than this, they concluded that it had to be preAryan. It was
also assumed by these same scholars, much of them who were of Christian
origin, and unsympathetic to the Vedic culture, that the Vedic culture
originated from primitive nomads from Central Asia. Thus, the Vedic
culture could not have found any "urban culture like that of the Indus
Valley." The Vedic culture was thus said to be warriors of Central
Asian decent who came into India with horse drawn chariots and iron
weapons. However, there was never any chariots or iron discovered in
Indus Valley sites. The whole idea of nomads with chariots has been
challenged. How could these nomads travel through rough mountain
valleys (in tough weather ) with these chariots? Horse drawn chariots,
were vehicles that were most likely used in lands that were mostly
flat. Therefore, it can be said that the metals and wheel fragments
that were discovered could come from the Vedic culture. Opponents of
the Aryan Invasion theory, point to many different flaws in the
theory. First off, some scholars now believe that it may have been
just a pure biased opinion that has been passed on throughout time.
The Aryan Invasion Theory served to divide India into a northern Aryan
and southern Dravidian culture, which were hostile to each other.
This theory also gave the British an excuse in their conquest of
India. They could claim to only be doing what their Aryan ancestors
had previously done. Lastly, by implementing the Aryan Invasion
Theory, the history and science of India was given a mostly Greek
Unknown, Discover Staff. 1996. "The origin of Syphilis." Discover. October. Vol. 17, n10, pg23 (3)
11.) Luger A. The Origin of Syphilis. Clinical and Epidemiologic Considerations on the Columbian Theory. Sex Transm Dis. 1993 Mar-Apr;20(2):110-7.
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Race, gender, and socioeconomic status are enduring social characteristics that influence life outcomes and children and adolescents cannot control (Murphy, Gaughan, Hume, & Moore, 2010). With the unequal distribution of society’s resources based on race and gender and the negative view of African American males, African American males’ ability to access and complete college is hampered. Although athletics is often viewed as a way to improve one’s life chances, African-American male athletes perform worse academically than any of their peers (Murphy, Gaughan, Hume, & Moore, 2010), which threatens their college completion goals.
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A long-standing issue in America is racism with Caucasians historically being the dominant race. Although racism is not as severe of an issue as it was in the past, even today there is still a population of people, known as White Supremacists, that believe Christian Caucasians are supreme over all other collective groups. There are many White Supremacist groups, which have nuances among them. For example, some are politically focused trying to only have certain officials elected, while others are religiously focused trying to further their religious ideals. Some are even radical as well going so far as to harass and even murder those who are not like them. One of the groups focusing specifically on religion is the Aryan Nations. Aryan Nations, a religiously driven, American white supremacist group, perverts biblical text to rationalize their beliefs for themselves and recruitment of more members. Members of the Aryan Nations believe in racism, segregation, and have acted on their beliefs.
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CRT or Critical Race Theory is used to analyze literature by looking at cultures and races as a whole. It states that racism is intertwined in our society, and that our culture has racist tendencies. Race has to be looked at as a “formation” in which whites have the highest power. Toni Morrison’s short story “Recitatif” is a great example to use the critical race theory lens on. This story is
Swenson, Robert. “Plagues, History, and AIDS.” American Scholar 57.2 (1988): 183-200. Academic Journal. Web. 2 Dec. 2013.
For several centuries before the expedition, syphilis had been a well identified disease in Europe where it swiftly spread
The Olympic Games is an international athletic event held every four years in a different country. In modern day, over 200 countries participate in the event with over eleven thousand athletes competing. Although, numerous athletes and countries have used the Olympic Games as a source to gain recognition, pride and success. Furthermore, no kind of demonstration or political, religious, or racial propaganda is permitted, but in the 1936 Olympic Games that was not the case . As Hitler rose to power in Germany early 1930’s, his idea which he called Aryan which described as “pure German race”, was used in the 1936 Olympic Games. He used the sporting event as a way to reveal to the world that the Aryan race was superior. This myth was diminished during the
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Nightingale’s concepts are used a great deal in everyday nursing. Nightingale referred to the person as a patient (Alligood, 2014, p. 65). She defined health and that it was maintained by the prevention of disease and through health promotion (Alligood, 2014, p. 65). She believed that health would benefit from environmental improvements (Alligood, 2014, p. 66). For professional nursing, Nightingale defined the skills, behaviors, and knowledge that is required for further
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