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Effect of adhd on learning disability
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As an 11-year-old, sixth grade student, Angel was diagnosed with ADHD and a Specific Learning Disability in reading. He tends to be argumentative with other peers and adults thus, it is common for him to get into trouble when lining up and during recess. He also tends to sharpen his pencil often and says inappropriate things to his peers during class lessons. In addition to making comments, he has been know to take other students belongings and rarely completes an assignment or homework. Angels Individualized Education Program team conducted an Antecedent Behavior Consequence (ABC) analysis to determine the frequency of his behaviors, his interaction with peers, consequences and any teacher comments. In this analysis, his disruptions included being …show more content…
With this being said and the analysis being complete, Angel had a total of nine incidents in a two day period. On the first day, Angel asked Johnny “What are you looking at? Keep your queer eyes off of me!” as he was returning to his desk from sharpening a pencil. The teacher redirected both students, giving Angel a warning while reminding him to be respectful. He also took Gina’s paper way from her after he returned to his desk from sharpening a pencil again. At this point, the teacher intervened while he was ripping the paper. On the second day, Angel took Johnny’s homework and while he was looking for it, Angel was laughing. The teacher instructed Angel to return Johnny’s homework. At another point in the day, Angel tapped Nick’s shoulder and told
At school, Richard shows behaviors that are similar to the ones experienced at home. Although, he’s described to be a “sweat and bright boy” who does not have trouble interacting with peers, and is able to communicate verbally to express himself, he is described as “hyper” and as someone who constantly engages in yelling, crying and kicking when is time to nap. For instance, and as the scenario describes, in this particular occasion, Richard’s teacher had to redirect him several times for him to finally lie down and take a nap. Richard was pretending to be a plane and making sounds to simulate an airplane crash
Tan, C.S. (2007). Test Review Behavior assessment system for children (2nd ed.). Assessment for Effective Intervention, 32, 121-124.
Previously, Caitlin has had surgery to correct strabismus at age eight, and may soon need another corrective surgery as her left eye is starting to misalign again. She does not always wear her glasses but should be able to see from the front or middle of the classroom without them. In addition, Caitlin has been identified as a student with Other Health Impairments (OHI), according to the sending schools documentation. Caitlin has previously been diagnosed with ADHD, in which her mother has stated they recently changed her medication from Concerta to Adderall to help with the symptoms. Caitlin has asthma that is triggered by activity and allergies.
The disabilities identified were Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Emotional Disturbance (ED), and Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD). The special education teacher began to interact with all of the students right as they entered the classroom and also while the teacher provided them with instruction. She was extremely personable and approachable. It was apparent that even though it was a three- week summer school session, she had established a connection with the students and, therefore, developed a learning bond in the process. The boys seemed to have a great bond as well, and they worked together to complete their assignments. There were also obvious interactions among the boys that were unrelated to the lesson but not disturbing or distracting to the class. The special education teacher jokingly came near the boys and began to talk to them and suggested they continue to work together to keep each other engaged. The special education teacher mentioned that there were times when the boys will not respond to encouraging them to stay engaged and will resist her advances. Therefore, she has to make the decision when to press on to get them involved and when to back off and give them some time with the hopes that they will
Behavior Modification strategizes to reduce varieties of unwanted or unexpected behavior by utilizing reinforcement and punishment. In hopes to changing a specific behavior, the individual will learn that good behavior will result in good consequences. In a 1:1 setting, Discrete Teaching or DTT is a method part of ABA that involves the use of “three-term contingency” or simply known as antecedent, behavior and consequence. For example, in a 1:1 setting, a teacher asks a student to clap hands (antecedent), the student claps hands (behavior) the teacher gives student a piece of candy (consequence).
As Applied Behavior Analyst, we seek to modify a behavior social significant behavior. Our effectiveness can only be measured how much the behavior we set out to modify is changed to a degree in which it makes a difference in the social situations the behavior occurs in. Baer said that this was not a scientific measurement, but a practical one: "its power in altering behavior enough to be socially important, is the essential criterion” (Cooper 17-18). The effectiveness of the research of an ABA effect both the clinical and educational applications of ABA because these cases are the bases of how ABA grows and changes. They are the way we learn and master our field. Even if modifications are later made to older experiments, without them we would not know where to
Samuel displays challenging behaviour in the three different scenarios. In the scenario 1, Samuel displayed destructive behaviour where he pushes May so he can be first in the line (appendix 1). Ref. The action of Samuel impacted May when he pushed her as she cried. Hurting someone when need something. The educator told Samuel that it is not nice to push and told him to go at the end of the line (appendix 1). Samuel’s behaviour in the scenario 2 was disruptive as he refuses to follow reasonable direction from his teacher (appendix 2). The way that Samuel was acting affected his peers’ learning as he was disturbing the teacher from the group activity. The educator praised Samuel as a strategy when he came out behind the bookshelf. In the scenario
From a biobehvioral view, Nate would often daze off in class. Being that he was diagnosed with ADHD and ADD, he had problems with staying focused and paying attention. In this case, the teacher was understanding of his diagnosis and allowed him time to re center and get back focus being that he did not take medication. From a behavioral view, when Nate actively participates in class, he is able to obtain meaning from the lesson and he understands his expectations. He is also able to keep up on the current assignments he is to track in his agenda book. When he records he assignments down in his book, the teachers praise him and tell him to keep it up. When he obtains a sufficient amount of signatures, he is able to receive his incentive of computer time. From an integrated view, Nate’s parents were often upset with him when he came home with no homework and did not understand why he was not able to keep up in school. The teacher had to explain to them some of the effects of an inattention disorder.
Learning can be quantified through observable behaviour and is adaptive to a creature’s specific environment at an individual level rather than species level. Behaviour can be broken down into two main categories, respondent behaviour, which is impacted by events that preceded it and operant behaviour, which is behaviour that is influenced by events that follow it. Behaviour can be analysed using a three term contingency of ABC. A is the antecedent, which can increase or decrease a behaviour depending on what is desired, B is the observed behaviour and C is the consequence of that behaviour, certain consequences increase behaviour whilst some decrease it. There are many different ways we learn behaviour and many different types of conditioning. Operant conditioning influences operant behaviour and uses the principles of positive and negative reinforcement and punishment to strengthen desired behaviours whereas instrumental conditioning involves making a response that is instrumental, it is an activity that is voluntary which elicits a consequence. A third type of conditioning is classical conditioning, which can be defined as an association being made between one stimulus and another, resulting in a relationship. For the purpose of this essay, classical conditioning will be the focus.
John, a 15 year old male, is an 8th grade student attending a local middle school. John is a transfer student from another state and he been placed into an inclusion classroom because he has been identified as a student with a disability and requires an IEP. Lately, John has been verbally and physically disruptive during math class. Some of the disruptive behaviors John often exhibit in the classroom include making loud noises and jokes during instruction, calling his peers names, physically touching his peers, and grabbing group materials. John’s teacher collected data and learned that his verbal disruptive behavior occurs 4-8 times during each sixty minute class meeting, and his physical group disruptions occur 75% of the time he works with a group. After meeting with John’s other teachers, his math teacher learned that his disruptive behavior is only present during math class. According to John’s math test scores on his IEP, his math instructor also learned that math is a challenging subject for John and he is significantly below grade level. Both John’s math teacher and his IEP team reached an agreement that they would like to decrease the number of times John disrupts instruction and eventually eliminate the disruptive behavior. The replacement behavior for John is to remain focused and on task during math instruction and assigned activities without triggering any disruptions (i.e., distracting loud noises or jokes causing the class to go into a laughing uproar, physical contact with peers, name calling, or grabbing his peers’ materials). Instead of John being punished for his disruptive behavior, the replacement behavior would allow him to remain in math class, and he will also be able to receive posit...
Schools are in great need of systems, processes, and personnel who are able to support the needs of students with problem behavior. Research indicates, however, that (while I am a big, fat cheater) information has not been made available to teachers and other professionals in a format that allows these strategies to become common practice. Many teachers choose isolated behavioral strategies that are not applied immediately after the problem behavior has occurred.
There are different ways that a teacher can deal with a student’s undesirable behavior. Some of these strategies are: positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, punishment or extinction. The type of r...
This paper will provide the behavioral definition of punishment and give examples of both positive and negative punishment in different types of settings. The guidelines for the effective use of punishment, as well as legal and ethical issues that should be considered by the Behavior Analyst while designing a behavior intervention plan are identified.
There are three important concepts that are in this theory. They are antecedent, observable behavior, and consequences. When we are observing a child the first thing we want to do is understand what “triggers” their behavior. This concept is called antecedent, which is anything that comes before the behavior (Rizza 2014). There are two types of antecedents, direct and indirect. Direct is what happens immediately beforehand and indirect is not immediately before. The last concept is consequences, which is anything that happens after and is caused by the behavior performed (Rizza 2014). Once again, there are two different kinds of consequences, reinforcement and punishment. Reinforcement is what increases or strengthens a behavior so it will happen in the future. For example, one day Ms. W was so excited that a little boy named M was able to zipper his own jacket. She proceeded to give him a sticker and a high five. All of the other students saw how excited that Ms. W got and then they all wanted to zip their own jackets. The other concept is punishment; punishment is a way to decrease a child’s bad behavior. A punishment is anything from standing in the back of the line, going to the principles office, or taking a time out in the corner. Punishments are a way for a student to know what they did was wrong and not to do it again. An example of a punishment in my classroom
Baker, Jean A., Sycarah Grant, and Larissa Morlock. "The Student-Teacher Relationship As a Developmental Context for Children With Internalizing or Externalizing Behavior Problems." School Psychology Quarterly 23.1 (2008): 3-15. Print.