Analysis and History of Arianism
First among the doctrinal disputes which troubled Christians after Constantine
had recognized the Church in A.D. 313, and the parent of many more during some
three centuries, Arianism occupies a large place in ecclesiastical history. It
is not a modern form of unbelief, and therefore will appear strange in modern
eyes. But we shall better grasp its meaning if we term it an Eastern attempt to
rationalize the creed by stripping it of mystery so far as the relation of
Christ to God was concerned. In the New Testament and in Church teaching Jesus
of Nazareth appears as the Son of God. This name He took to Himself (Matt., xi,
27; John, x, 36), while the Fourth Gospel declares Him to be the Word (Logos),
Who in the beginning was with God and was God, by Whom all things were made. A
similar doctrine is laid down by St. Paul, in his undoubtedly genuine Epistles
to the Ephesians, Colossians, and Philippians. It is reiterated in the Letters
of Ignatius, and accounts for Pliny's observation that Christians in their
assemblies chanted a hymn to Christ as God. But the question how the Son was
related to the Father (Himself acknowledged on all hands to be the one Supreme
Deity), gave rise, between the years A. D. 60 and 200, to number of Theosophic
systems, called generally Gnosticism, and having for their authors Basilides,
Valentinus, Tatian, and other Greek speculators. Though all of these visited
Rome, they had no following in the West, which remained free from controversies
of an abstract nature, and was faithful to the creed of its baptism.
Intellectual centers were chiefly Alexandria and Antioch, Egyptian or Syrian,
and speculation was carried on in Greek. The Roman Church held steadfastly by
tradition. Under these circumstances, when Gnostic schools had passed away with
their "conjugations" of Divine powers, and "emanations" from the Supreme
unknowable God (the "Deep" and the "Silence") all speculation was thrown into
the form of an inquiry touching the "likeness" of the Son to His Father and
"sameness" of His Essence. Catholics had always maintained that Christ was truly
the Son, and truly God. They worshipped Him with divine honors; they would never
consent to separate Him, in idea or reality, from the Father, Whose Word, Reason,
Mind, He was, and in Whose Heart He abode from eternity. But the technical terms
of doctrine were not fully defined; and even in Greek words like essence (ousia),
substance (hypostasis), nature (physics), person (hyposopon) bore a variety of
meanings drawn from the pre-Christian sects of philosophers, which could not but
This essay describes how the anaesthetic machine and airway management equipment are prepared in operating theatres and discusses how they are ensured safe for use. It evaluates the Association of Anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland (AAGBI) guidelines related to safe practice and the preparation of the ET tubes, laryngeal masks, guedels, Naso pharyngeal airways and the laryngoscope. The function of the anaesthetic workstation is to deliver a mixture of anaesthetic agents and gases safely to the patient during the induction process and throughout surgery. In addition, it also provides ventilation to support breathing and monitors the patient’s vital signs to minimise the anaesthetic risks to the patient whilst in the care of health professionals. The pre-use check is vital to patient safety as an inadequate check of the anaesthetic machine or airway management equipment can and does lead to significant harm of the patient including mortality (Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (MHRA), 2008 and Magee, 2012).
The nightmares, and the dreams you have where you change your opinion from an argument from earlier that day. Maimonides explains that dreams can be effected by the knowledge we seek and keep. Like food, knowledge is good in intervals and in portions, because if you eat thirty plates of pancakes you will feel horrible and bloated, the same goes for knowledge, too much knowledge can be highly overwhelming and not find its rightful place in your mind to stay and grow and produce ideas. Donald McCallum expresses in his article “Approach to Maimonides Guide” that Maimonides is trying to get people to understand that cramming before tests, and trying so hard to digest information in a short a=amount of time either provides no nourishment, or pain from the bloating of the brain. Freud explains that dreams can come from this, that when you do something during the day that stresses you out, your dreams will portray your opinion, and possibly twist your ideals in to a different format, or give them a weird side to your thoughts. Your dreams will also replay events that have happened and will force you to have the opposite
Depending on the time of surgery, the nurse may admit and discharge the same patient within the timeframe of his or her shift. The nurse obtains a history and physical (H&P) along with the progress notes from the operating surgeon or another licensed personnel written within the last twenty-four hours. The nurse sets the patient up with a peripheral intravenous line before surgery. He or she will interview the patient regarding the last time they ate and/or drank, what medications they take, and when the last medication dose was taken. The nurse also assesses the patient to see if he or she understands the procedure they are there for and asks if they have any questions or concerns. Depending on the health of the patient and what surgical procedure they will be subjected to, either a focused or full health assessment is performed. The nurse also makes sure that all labs pertinent to the patient have been obtained. These labs include a negative pregnancy test (or proof of a negative test within the last seven days) for any patient that could possibly be pregnant, even if the patient is currently menstruating, a finger-stick blood sugar test for all diabetic patients, a blood test for potassium levels for patients with end stage renal disease, and a prothrombin time or international normalized ratio test for patients on Coumadin. The nurse also makes sure that
At the very beginning of the gospels the authors make their representation of Jesus known to the reader, but they rely upon different methods. Mark focuses on Jesus’ role as a servant is apparent as he quotes the prophet Isaiah: “Here is my messenger, whom I send on ahead of you!” (Mark 1:2) This is a rather simple statement, and the use of the word “messenger” connotes a sense of being under another’s command; Jesus is seen as an intermediary between God and man. John’s introduction to Jesus is much more majestic and poetic, devoting many verses to explaining his divine relationship with God: “In the beginning there was the divine word and wisdom. The divine word and wisdom was there with God, and it was what God was. It was there with God from the beginning. Everything came to be by means of it” (John 1:1-3).
The Sandman: Dream Country and The Wolves in the Walls both display a similar visual style but still have their own unique characteristics. The Sandman: Dream Country has a dark tone throughout the four short stories of the literary work. The illustrations are spooky and make the audience feel uncomfortable. The cover for “Façade” summarizes the visual style for The Sandman: Dream Country. In The Wolves in the Walls, the illustrations also portray a dark tone. The illustrations are drawings and abstract art mixed with real images. The opening cover page is a good example of this mixture between drawings and real images. This mixture confuses the audience’s perception of reality and imagination. The illustrations throughout The Wolves in
The concept of God can be a difficult one to grasp especially in today's world - a world in which anyone that believes in God is trying to define exactly what God is. To even attempt to grasp such a concept, one must first recognize his own beliefs in respect to the following questions: Is God our creator? Is God omnipotent (all-powerful) or omniscient (all-knowing) or both? Does God care? Is God with us? Does God interfere with life on earth? These questions should be asked and carefully answered if one should truly wish to identify his specific beliefs in God's existence and persistence.
a doubter. Hence, he doubts, therefore he exists. With the assurance of his existence, he is
Lastly, we can look at the angels’ reaction to the Son’s acceptance speech. The narrator tells us that “admiration seized all heaven”’ (3.271-2). The Son has, in that case, prompted the reaction for which he had aimed. He wanted the admiration and the attention. It is important to notice that, at this point, such admiration is not for the Father’s grace or mercy but rather for the Son, the bringer of said grace and mercy. The Son has succeeded, then, in diverting the attention from the message to the messenger. In true narcissistic fashion, he has made it perfectly clear who the star of this production is.
In society, dreams can evoke lots of fascination; furthermore for many years philosophers and scientists have tried to resolve the riddle; why do we dream? As human beings we devote so much time to dreaming, so much so that we don’t remember many of our dreams that get disoriented in the realms of us sleeping. Chances are of those dreams we do remember, tend to be difficult to understand; therefore, leading us to wonder why we even dream at all? Throughout the progression of time, many theories have been presented, the two most famous ones being: the psychoanalytic theory of dreaming and the activation synthesis model of dreaming. The psychoanalytic theory of dreaming by Sigmund Freud’s suggests that dreams are nothing but our unconscious longing, judgment, and incentive. On the other hand the activation synthesis model of dreaming by J. Allan Hobson suggests that dreams are a result neural impulses that occur during your dreams, that trigger different areas in the brain which result in dreams that he claimed to be the “most creative state” we as human beings take part in. Based on my own series of dreams, my own personal theory is very similar to that of Sigmund Freud; conversely, I believe dreams strive to do what we as human beings struggle to do, which is make up our minds. Dreams serve as little flares that clarify our conflicts; likewise to Sigmund Freud our dreams do include our unconscious desires, but these are only present to show us as human beings that the answers to our conflicts are already present; present in the back of our minds, secluded from everything else.
Dreams are mental images and emotions during sleep that may also have sounds and it can be confusing and surprising at times. In Freud’s earliest writings in The Interpretation of Dreams (1899), he insisted that dreams are “the royal road to knowledge of activities of the unconscious mind”. This means dreams offer a means of understanding walking experience. According to Freud, it is important and meaningful to understand our dreams. Hence, Freud identified two types of content in our dreams, that is the manifest and the latent content.
Jesus was the Son of God and some may ask why he needed followers, the
A dream is the experience of having images, sounds, or other sensations while sleeping. Many dreams come from various activities from throughout the day but some offer symbolic expressions. There is a connection between the conscious and the unconscious that can fill in the gaps of self-knowledge and provide the information needed. Sigmund Freud and Carl Jung have two theories on dreams. Sigmund Freud’s theory was that dreams are an expression of what one is repressing during the time being awake. Carl Jung believed that dreams provide messages about “lost” or “neglected” parts of ourselves that need to be reintegrated. Why do we dream? Dreams are wish fulfillment. They reveal wishes or emotions that one did not realize they had. Dreams help with problem solving because the dreaming mind makes connections more quickly than the waking mind does. It also helps in processing painful emotions with symbolic associations. The brain often associates emotion with a symbol. The model of dreaming is a process more like therapy. People run through ideas and emotions and place them in a broader psychological context. Dreams can have a very big impact on people’s lives.
One of the many categories would be that of the circulating nurse. Ensuring that the operating room is set up correctly based on the preference of the surgeon, the circulating nurse makes sure all the necessary equipment’s are in place, functioning appropriately, likewise ready to go. In addition, the circulating nurse also verifies the patient identity, surgical site, and consent with the surgeon upon entering the operating room to make sure that they are all the same page, before proceeding with the schedule procedure. Yet another function of the circulating nurse is to make sure that the patient is positioned correctly on the surgical table, hooking up the basic suctions needed, and assisting the anesthesiologist or anesthetist during intubation. Moreover, monitoring the overall condition of the
“In the beginning was chance, and chance was with god and chance was god. He was in the beginning with God. All things were made by Chance and without him was not anything made. In Chance was life and the life was the light of men”
Since the beginning of time, dreams have been a source of mysterious wonder amongst people. Everyone dreams, and those who claim they do not, do dream, however, they are unable to recall their dreams. Prior to psychological research, dreams were interpreted and explained as an unconscious desire, predictions, or subliminal messages. These outdated beliefs existed throughout time until new psychological research came into being. The new psychological research by Sigmund Freud and Carl Jung gave rise to new dream theories that helped gain a greater understanding on dream interpretations.