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Essay on the history of Germany
How is nationalism involved in germanys unification
How is nationalism involved in germanys unification
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Even though Germanic tradition stems back to the 14th and 15th centuries, the German nation is relatively young. During its brief history, Germans were faced with the question of what constituted their own identity. Nationalism became a tool for the major players during the creation of the German State, and would later become deeply entrenched in the cultural mind. Nationalism served many masters, and could be used for the greater good, or sheer destruction. Nationalism storied past in Germany makes the modern state cautious when confronting national sentiments. Germans dark past has created a movement of Europeanization today. But in oder to better understand the modern German state, it is important look to how nationalism lead to its creation, and the ultimate affect it would have on the German people. …show more content…
In his work, Berger looks to five major themes such as gendering, creation of enemies, exclusion, war, and economic standing to have played a crucial role in the creation of the German State. All of these themes have a nationalists undertones. Berger works these themes into the main watersheds of German history. He traces their development from the 15th century, the creation of the State, the Weimar Republic, the Third Reich, and the German partition. This paper will examine each of the themes major themes separately, and following them though the various watersheds of Germany history. But before a deeper examinations of the themes presented in Germany can be examined, it is important to gain a better understanding of how nationalism played a role in the creation of the German state. This will better help to center the complex idea of Berger’s
Hagen W (2012). ‘German History in Modern Times: Four Lives of the Nation’. Published by Cambridge University Press (13 Feb 2012)
Germany. Nationalism is a complex concept that can be viewed as both a unifying and a disunifying force, depending on one's perspective and background knowledge. On one hand, it can bring people together who share a common bond based on a single "nationality" or ancestry. Those who view nationalism as a unifying force often reject loyalty to a monarch, instead choosing to remain loyal to their fellow citizens. On the other hand, some people see nationalism as a disunifying force because it can disrupt efforts to restore the old order before the French Revolution.
Throughout the years, humans have constructed many unique civilizations; all which follow a distinct social, economic, and political structure. Even so, there is one characteristic that prevails among these societies, the concept of nationalism. In short, nationalism refers to the feelings people have when identifying with their nation. This simple notion possesses the ability to divide or unite collective groups, and has played an important role in many historical events.
The Oxford English Dictionary defines the word leader as “One who leads;” yet to characterize Frederick the Great, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, and Otto von Bismarck as men who led would not do their lives justice. They are notable historic figures because they exceeded the requirements of their respective titles. Both Fredrick and Bismarck shaped the Prussian and German governments in a dogmatic style and maintained their personal and incontrovertible identities. This however, did not mean that their sense of self harmonized with their political agenda. Goethe differs from them in the sense that he was a socio-cultural leader and not a political one. Nonetheless, his achievements in the progression of German literature influenced society between Frederick and Bismarck’s reigns, culturally shaping the nation, and making his work equally as important as the two political leaders. Through their relentless visions and interpretations of what the Germanic lands should emerge to be, revolution and eventual unification spread among the states, establishing Germany as a prevailing world power. Because of their keen intellects, the country of Germany came into existence, but more importantly, they outlined the characteristic that personifies a German. Frederick, Goethe, and Bismarck approached their roles in a static and rigid manner that often opposed their innovative and artistic freedom, formulating a German nationality based on their narcissistic individualities and not on the distinct German states. Frederick’s enlightened views clashed with his militaristic agenda; Goethe’s literary works negated his political views; and Bismarck’s Junker identity disclaimed his imperious ruling style. The strain that all three figures faced in prese...
The foreign policy of Nazi Germany between 1933 and 1945 was different than any other country during that era. Their distinct approach to ruling came from the nation’s many diverse philosophies. Furthermore, every basis of motivation and control came from the beliefs in which they so strictly followed. Many aspects, such as, communism, fascism, and nationalism, influenced these ideologies.
Nationalisms powerful and intense impact on individuals is demonstrated in Rudolf von Ihering’s Two Letters (1866). By offering individuals a group to be a part of became something which appeared to be boundless in its potential for prosperity and it gave individuals a sense of empowerment. Initially, Von Ihering had rigorously opposed Realpolitik’s policies which were employed by Otto von Bismarck, declaring that, “everyone [in Ger...
Nationalism was viewed in so many different ways by so many different leaders and society. Many conflicts and wars were a long term impact on Nationalism, but some conflicts were a small impact on Nationalism. The Frankfurt Constitution was written and published and also is a document of Germany History today. The article “On the Duties of Man”, by Giuseppe Mazzini and how the map of Europe was redrawn, which was a huge impact on Nationalism. Romanticism was another huge impact of Nationalism, with many changes that was made from artist and how their paintings became more realistic and how everyone had different views on artist’s painting.
Nationalism has played a crucial role in world history over the past centuries. It continues to do so today. For many, nationalism is indelibly associated with some of the worst aspects of modern history, such as the destructive confidence of the Napoleon’s army and the murderous pride of Nazi Germany. Large numbers of people, descent in their hearts, have carried out unbelievable atrocities for no better reason than their nation required them to. Authoritarian and totalitarian regime have crushed dissent, eliminated opposition, and trampled on civil liberties in the name of the nation.
The main purpose of the book was to emphasize how far fear of Hitler’s power, motivation to create a powerful Germany, and loyalty to the cause took Germany during the Third Reich. During the Third Reich, Germany was able to successfully conquer all of Eastern Europe and many parts of Western Europe, mainly by incentive. Because of the peoples’ desires and aspirations to succeed, civilians and soldiers alike were equally willing to sacrifice luxuries and accept harsh realities for the fate of their country. Without that driving force, the Germans would have given up on Hitler and Nazism, believing their plan of a powerful Germany...
Nationalism is the idea that a people who have much in common, such as language, culture and geographic proximity ought to organize in such a way that it creates a stable and enduring state. Nationalism is tied to patriotism, and it is the driving force behind the identity of a culture. Nationalism had many effects in Europe from 1815, The Congress of Vienna and beyond. In the following essay I will describe many of the consequences of nationalism on European identity, as well as some of the conflicts that it created.
Berghahn Books. 2000 Germany and the Germans. After the Unification of the. New Revised Edition. John Ardagh.
The Congress of Vienna in 1814-15 created the so-called German Confederation under Austrian and Prussian hegemony, but this unit disappointed the dreams of nationalists. The rivalry of Austria and Prussia paralyzed it in a way comparable to the effects of Soviet-American dualism on the United Nations during the Cold War. Almost everywhere, the old rulers repressed the nationalist movement after 1815. The German princes realized that nationalism required ...
One of the key factors which led to the Unification was nationalism. Nationalism is the idea that certain things such as race, culture, religion, language or territory set them apart from those around them, and they could identify their interests with a group of people not just a local monarch. This idea created the belief that one’s loyalty was first to the ‘nation’ not the monarch. On 23 February 1848, there was a demonstration in Paris that resulted in the abdication of King Louis Philippe. Then on 13 March students in Vienna staged a rebellion which later that day forced Prince Metternich to resign as Austrian Foreign Minister. Prussian King, Frederick William IV, stood against reform and used troops to break up demonstrations. But on hearing of Metternich’s resignation he lost his nerve and called together a Diet, granting a constitution. When a crowd gathered at the Palace in Berlin the royal guard opened fire. The resulting revolution ended by November of that year as the people began to fear the consequences of prolonging it. The failure of this revolution, and the failure to achieve national unity, broke the link between liberalism and nationalism. In the end it was the nationalistic ideals of the German aristocracy, not the general populace that brought about the Unification of the German States in 1871.
For many historians the ‘catalyst’ for German nationalism was the Prussian defeat at Jena and Auserstedt in 1806. This was not the glorious battle that you would expect to unify people, rather it was an unmitigated disaster; most of the Prussia strongholds surrendered immediately. This so called “catastrophe” marked the first steps towards a unified Germany as it began a unification of ideals about Germany as a nation. Thus Napoleon’s role in the incitement of German nationalism as by becoming a common enemy, citizens of the German states had something to unite psychologically. Since Berdahl states that “nationalism, at base, is rooted in the psychology of a people” we can infer that Napoleon’s role in the unification of Germany stretched further than that of temporarily unifying some German states and rather it created a common German thought that developed into the Confederation of Germany that swiftly followed Napoleon’s
Prior to unification in 1871 the territory that would become Germany was comprised of thirty-nine independent states and city states joined together in a loose German Confederation. The most powerful among these states was Prussia, both geographically the largest state and that with the largest population. The influential politicians and policies that came out of Prussia were instrumental in the gradual formation of a united Germany. Beginning with the rise of Napoleon, the nineteenth century was a time of incredible change which dramatically altered the political balance of Europe. In order to understand the factors that culminated in official German unification on January 18 1871, it is necessary to examine the preceding decades. No single factor can be credited for the unification of the German states. Rather, the combined forces of social change, economic strength within a unified customs union, the moral justifications provided by nationalism, Bismarck’s careful manipulation of internal politics and the advantages gained through military action resulted in the unification of Germany.