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Amusing Ourselves to Death: Public Discourse in the Age of Show Business (1985)
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What does the famous actor, Angelina Jolie have in common with author Neil Postman? According to IMDB.com, they both appeared July 14, 2003, on an episode of “The Daily Show with Jon Stewart”. To many, the appearance of Neil Postman’s on the faux news program may seem odd. Considering that in Postman’s 1985 book, Amusing Ourselves to Death, Public Discourse in the Age of Show Business, the author gives a scathing appraisal of when television news acts as entertainment. As a four-decade long New York University professor and chairperson of the department of communication arts and sciences, Postman, employs historical references of different communication media as used through time to furnish a basis for his arguments. The medium is the form …show more content…
By this, he contends language makes us human. However, when speech is a culture’s sole medium, it causes fundamental limitations in such a society (p. 9). For an example, he uses a portrayal of a trial in an African tribe with no written language. Laws, punishments, and traditions require reliance on memorization of Proverbs spoken in the past (p. 18). Consequently, this limits those people who have societal roles of wisdom in having excellent memorization skills. By the biblical reference to the wise King Solomon, who knew three thousand proverbs, Postman forges his point on the value of memorization to an oral culture (p. …show more content…
He contends that the “news of the day” was not possible until the invention and mass use of the telegraph. As the culture further embraced new electronic mediums, first radio and then television, the legitimacy of such information began to decline (p. 8). It is not that Postman is against mediums as television per say. What he calls “junk programs,” entertainment for the sake of entertainment, has value as amusement. Nonetheless, it is when subjects of a serious matter, news, politics, and religion become vehicles for amusement; there Postman sees a fundamental decline in the culture (p.
As analyzed by social critic Neil Postman, Huxley's vision of the future, portrayed in the novel Brave New World, holds far more relevance to present day society than that of Orwell's classic 1984. Huxley's vision was simple: it was a vision of a trivial society, drowned in a sea of pleasure and ignorant of knowledge and pain, slightly resembling the world of today. In society today, knowledge is no longer appreciated as it has been in past cultures, in turn causing a deficiency in intelligence and will to learn. Also, as envisioned by Huxley, mind altering substances are becoming of greater availability and distribution as technology advances. These drugs allow society to escape from the problems of life instead of dealing with reality. With divorce rates higher than ever in the past few decades, it has become evident that lust has ruined the society's sexual covenants. People are indulging in their sexual motives; lust runs rampant, thus strong, long-lasting relationships are becoming a rarity.
In the first chapter of Amusing Ourselves To Death , Neil Postman's major premise is how the rise of television media and the decline of print media is shaping the quality of information we receive.Postman describes how the medium controls the message, he uses examples which include the use of clocks, smoke signals, the alphabet, and glasses.Postman says a society that generally uses smoke signals is not likely to talk about philosophy because it would take to long and be too difficult. Postman also describes the way television changes peoples way of thinking; a fat person will not look good on TV and would less likely be elected President. On the other hand someones body is not important as their ideas when they are expressing them through the radio or print. On TV, visual imagery reigns. Therefore the form of TV works against the content of philosophy. Postman shows how the clock has changed. Postman describes how time was a product of nature measured by the sun and seasons. Now, time is measured by a machine using minutes and seconds. The clock changed us into time-watchers, then time-savers, and finally time-servers. Thus, changing the metaphor for time changed how we view time itself.
Epstein, Edward J. News From Nowhere: Television and the News, Vintage, New York NY. 1973, pp. 16; Pearson, David. “The Media and Government Deception.” Propaganda Review. Spring 1989, pp. 6-11.
Throughout the span of the past few weeks I have traversed the globe, visiting several countries and regions, only to realize that although new methods develop, language as a way of expressing ones self has remained the most effective. Despite this fact, language still has its pitfalls. Neil Postman, in his essay “Defending Against the Indefensible,'; outlines seven concepts that can be used to aid a student in better understanding the language as a means of communication. He describes how modern teaching methods leave a student vulnerable to the “prejudices of their elders';, further stating that a good teacher must always be skeptical. He urges teachers of all subjects to break free from traditional teachings as well as “linguistical tyranny';
The many evils that exist within television’s culture were not foreseen back when televisions were first put onto the market. Yet, Postman discovers this very unforgiveable that the world did not prepare itself to deal with the ways that television inherently changes our ways of communication. For example, people who lived during the year 1905, could not really predict that the invention of a car would not make it seem like only a luxurious invention, but also that the invention of the car would strongly affect the way we make decisions.
In short, Postman wishes to trace how the “Age of Typography” has turned into the “Age of Television” and how the latter age requires all communication to take the form of entertainment.
Postman divides history into three types. He begins his argument with discussion of tool-using cultures. In these cultures, technology has an "ideological bias" to action that is not thought about by users. He says that this is a time of "logic, sequence, objectivity, detachment, and discipline," where historical figures such as Galileo, Copernicus, Kepler, and others clung to the theology of their age. This was a world with God, which was concerned with truth and not power. Postman remarks that the mass production of books and the invention of the printing pre...
All in all, the three chapters of “Amusing Ourselves to Death” work together theoretically and practically about the media influence towards its audience. Neil Postman asserts the public as victims to whatever media metaphor exists. The media shapes the perception of reality and truth. And that brings one to say that cultural, political, economic, religious and moral values are influenced by the media either negatively or positively.
In “Wires and Lights in a Box,” the author, Edward R. Murrow, is delivering a speech on October 15, 1958, to attendees of the Radio-Television News Directors Association. In his speech, Murrow addresses how it is his desire and duty to tell his audience what is happening to radio and television. Murrow talks about how television insulates people from the realities in the world, how the television industry is focused on profits rather than delivering the news to the public, and how television and radio can teach, illuminate, and inspire.
In his argument, Postman described how technology is affecting our way of thinking. The main suspect in this case is television. In his book, Postman pointed out one of the significant facts in the twentieth century, which was: “the decline of the Age of Typography and the ascendancy of the Age of Television”(8). As soon as the shift began, the social institutions involved in printed content were forced to learn the language of the television. Since television’s content is entertainment-oriented, serious forms of public discussions were also modified to be more entertaining. Postman believes that, “whatever the original and limited of its use may have been, a medium has the power to fly far beyond that context into new and unexpected ones”(18). When exposed to writing, humans’ minds are still able to respond with a critical reaction. But that is not the case with television and modern-day media. This is because of what Postman described as “media-metaphor”. He suggested that the media works like a metaphor, giving us powerful implications to enforce their definition of reality. Many television programs and advertisement are inexplicitly telling us
The 21st century marks the crisis of journalism as the rise of social media and the oversaturation of news outlets for consumers has caused a steady decrease in viewership, especially in younger viewers, as well as the inevitable death of the traditional newspaper. According to Geoffrey Baym, the public has become increasingly dissatisfied with the quality of news mediums as the lines between news (public) and business interests are being increasingly blurred. This is due to major news network like NBC, CBS, or ABC turning their news programs into “infotainment”. The emphasis of these news programs are on entertainment rather than reporting on traditional current events and politics. Although traditional journalism is coming to a close, alternative methods of journalism have emerged. One such example is The Daily Show with Jon Stewart. While the main objective of the show is to entertain, increasingly more people are gathering their information about current events from satirical news programs like The Daily Show and late-night talk shows. The Daily Show establishes itself as a credible, alternative source of journalism by using satire to question figures of authority, critique current events by use of parody, and create a forum for discussion of subjects related to democracy.
In setting an agenda for his argument, Postman capitalizes on the importance of typography itself. In the 16th century, a great epistemological shift occurred where knowledge of every kind was transferred and manifested through printed page. There was a keen sense to be able to read. Newspapers, newsletters, and pamphlets were extremely popular amongst the colonies. At the heart of the great influx of literacy rates was when we relied strictly on print material, not through television, radios, etc. “For two centuries, America declared its intentions, expressed its ideology, designed its laws, sold its products, created its literature and addressed its deities with black squiggles on white paper. It did its talking in typography, and with that as the main feature of its symbolic environment rose to prominence in world civilization” (63).
Through technological advancements the television and internet now deliver the news instantly into our homes, which has inadvertently put pressure on the traditional newspaper to deliver up-to-the minute news. As technology developed swiftly over the 20th century, some academics could see the demise of the newspaper as early as the late 1960s. Marshall McLuhan (HREF1) an academic and commentator on communications technology prophesied “that printed books would become obsolete, killed off by television and other electronic information technology”. To compete with other more sophisticated electronic media systems, and to survive, newspapers joined the technological revolution and many publications went online in the fight to remain the number one information provider (Kesley 1995:16). In contrast, Kelsey (1995) states the main reaso...
The newspaper industry presaged its decline after the introduction of the television and televised broadcasting in the 1950s and then after the emergence of the internet to the public in the 1990s and the 21st century with its myriad of media choices for people. Since then the readership of printed media has declined whilst digital numbers continue to climb. This is mostly due to television and the internet being able to offer immediate information to viewers and breaking news stories, in a more visually stimulating way with sound, moving images and video. Newspapers are confined to paper and ink and are not considered as ‘alive’ as these other mediums.
The journey a journalist traveled has a long and bumpy history. Newspapers have been around since the 1500's (McNair, 2007, p. 27). The advent of the first daily newspaper in 1702 called the Daily Courant would be one of many news tools (Horrie, 2008, p.148)...