Within Adam Marek’s short story ‘Testicular Cancer vs the Behemoth’, in the short story collection ‘Instruction Manual for Swallowing’, we see him manipulating the mood felt by the main protagonist by portraying an event that parallels their emotions. This is a clever strategy used by the author as it engages the reader by playing with the mood portrayed, paralleling/contrasting an event with a mood, and in turn tricking their interpretation of the story. This is a technique I could incorporate into my own writing in a couple of ways.
Firstly, I could manipulate a crucial event in a story by allowing it be casually overshadowed by a character’s emotion/action. Such as a story set during the apocalypse, where the protagonist is trying
In Cormac McCarthy’s novel The Crossing, there is a dramatic sequence described by the narrator. The author uses many different techniques to convey the impact of the experience on the narrator. Some of these such techniques are: repetition, diction, and simile.
The first example of this is “One of those pictures… a blinding ache struck Jim’s head” (175). The irony here is situational because in the dilemma, Charles is trying to mislead Mr. Dark away from the boy trying to keep them safe. However, Mr. Dark ends up hurting them supernaturally making the outcome outcome of the conflict the complete opposite of what Charles wanted. In the next example Charles says, “I'm not going to murder you…” (274). This is situational irony because Charles says he isn't going to kill Mr. Dark, but ends up doing it. Charles says this most likely in truth because of his current state in the conflict a smushed up hand and out past curfew. In the last example Charles challenges Mr. Dark, “Halloway, work in the library, drop by sometime” (180). This final example is situational irony because Charles is confronting Dark thinking he could beat him, but ultimately gets beat up himself. It is most likely he did this to stop running and try to put a stop to everything before things get worse. Dramatic and situational irony are ways Ray Bradbury developed Charles
Situational irony is used in both O’Henry’s “The Ransom of Red Chief” and “The Necklace” by Guy de Maupassant but the effect of the techniques on the tone of each story is very different. In O’Henry’s story, the protagonist, Red Chief, is being kidnapped by two criminals, Bill and Sam. There are many ironic events that occur in the story. For example, the reader expects Red Chief to want to go back home to his family but instead, he is having the time of his life. As hard as Bill tries, he cannot even send him home. Bill utters to Sam, “‘I showed him the road to Summit and kicked him about eight feet nearer there at one kick’” (6). This is comical because it is using a literary technique known as slapstick comedy. The reader can imagine Bill swinging his leg and kicking Red Chief all the way back to Summit. Another example of situational irony in the story is that the reader would expect that Red Chief to be scared but what is actually happening is that Bill is terrified. While speaking with Sam, Bill complains about Red chief yet again, “‘I’ve stood by you without batting an eye ...
In the text “The Life You Save May Be Your Own” by Flannery O’Connor, a common mood emerges from the somewhat humorous yet unfortunate work. A mood of grotesqueness among the characters and overall story as it presents itself, generally, making the audience feel quite uneasy and uncomfortable while reading it. Grotesque is a literary style, which comically and somewhat repulsively represents a distorted character or a series of twisted actions or thoughts that embody a character. The text creates a grotesque mood simply because the actions carried out by the characters resemble an extreme sense of despair and uneasiness, yet the way in which it is executed is somewhat funny and jocular to the reader, therefore creating an awkward overall mood
In the Princess Bride the author William Goldman decides to kill off Wesley the main character of the romance comedy. But when he does he has a strange drawback and has the sudden realization of what he had just done. He mourns, grieves, and finds himself in his very own “Pit of Despair.” Yet how can this be, he had never experienced such a tragedy himself, but in his writing of a fictional fantasy character he is overwhelmed with these genuine emotions. Sentiments and actions are easier to access and put into writing if one has already experienced the event. Skilled authors can write pieces without experience by using similar emotions and merging them to create what one would expect to feel. The more believable the world that is conjured is to the audience the more they will be impacted by tragedies and trials in a story. A true
The term melodrama has come to be applied to any play with romantic plot in which an author manipulates events to act on the emotions of the audience without regard for character development or logic (Microsoft Encarta). In order to classify as a Victorian melodrama, several key techniques must be used, including proximity and familiarity to the audience, deceit rather than vindictive malice, lack of character development and especially the role of social status.
...levator, and The Hitchhiker by, all show that emotions can influence a person’s reality. In Monster by Walter Dean Myers, Steve sees everything that happens around him as a movie so he can escape his reality. In The Tall Tale Heart by Edgar Allen Poe, the main character is so uncomfortable with the old man’s eye that he murders the old man. In The Hitchhiker, Adam is so convince that the old man is a ghost so he is afraid of him when really, Adam is the ghost. Due to those stories, emotions can affect someone’s reality very significantly. In The Elevator, Martin thinks that the old lady is going to eat him, but she’s just looking at him. Emotions even change people’s perceptions in real life too, an example is when you’re home alone and you hear a random noise in your house, because of these reasons, emotion can, and do change a person’s perception about reality.
Testicular cancer is a type of cancer that develops in the male’s testicles first then spreads to other parts of the body. It most commonly spreads to the lymph nodes after it spreads throughout the testicles. Testicles are part of the male’s reproductive system that makes testosterone, the male hormone, and sperm. It is treatable and can usually be cured. The signs of testicular cancer are lumps, swelling, and pain in your testicles. You can check for these lumps yourself, but it is better and more important to check with your doctor for lumps annually. Testicular cancer isn’t caused by much, but there are some risks.
Stories, both factual and manipulated, present different things to a reader. Factual writings help readers visualize the actual moment, but may not have them feeling the same as the author felt. Manipulated writings however, are superior in the fact that emotion through writing can actually help readers see a situation for what it really is. Distortions in manipulated writing are beneficial to the reader by providing more sensory imagery, even if it costs presenting the complete truth.
Surprise can lead to happiness, or surprise can lead to depression. Situational irony is when somebody expects something to go one way, but it really happens the exact opposite way. Situational irony can also change the reader’s mind in a way they will never believe. In “The Ransom of Red Chief,” O. Henry uses situational irony to amuse the reader. In “The Necklace,” Guy de Maupassant uses a feeling of compassion for the short story. In “The Ransom of Red Chief” and in “The Necklace,” O. Henry, Guy de Maupassant, and any author can use situational irony to affect the reader's emotions.
Westwood, M. “What are examples of Verbal, Situational< and Dramatic Irony in ‘The Story of an Hour.’” E-Notes. E-Notes, Inc., 30 Sept 2013. Web. 17 March 2014
Irony can often be found in many literary works. “The Story of an Hour” by Kate Chopin is masterfully written full of irony. The characters of the short story, Mrs. Mallard, Josephine, Richards, Mr. Brently Mallard, and the doctors all find their way into Chopin’s ironic twists. Chopin embodies various ironies in “The Story of an Hour” through representations of verbal irony, dramatic irony, and situational irony.
Effectively using these elements in a piece of literature enhances the reader’s curiosity. One prime example of such usage of these elements is seen in Kate Chopin's writing. Her use of foreshadowing and use of emotional conflicts put into few words in the short piece "The Storm" adds an element that is alluring, holding the reader's interest. In this short piece of literature, a father and son, Bobinot and Bibi, are forced to remain in a store where they were shopping before the storm, waiting for the storm to pass over them. In the meantime, the wife and mother, Calixta, whom is still at home, receives an unexpected visit from a former lover named Alicee. The two have an affair and the story starts to come together. The story shows us how we tend to want what we beli...
Metafiction is a literary theory that is present in several works of literature. According to the Oxford English Dictionary metafiction is, “Fiction in which the author self-consciously alludes to the artificiality or literariness of a work by parodying or departing from novelistic conventions (esp. naturalism) and narrative techniques; a fictional work in this genre or style.” In other words, Metafiction is exclusively fiction within fiction, or when the writer self-consciously reflects the writing upon itself. It uses both theory and criticism and creates biographies of imaginary writers. Metafiction is closely related to presentational theatre, metafiction does not let the reader forget they are reading a fictional work; where as presentational theatre does not let the audience forget it is viewing a play. It is otherwise known as Romantic irony in the context of Romantic works of literature, it portrays self-reflexive techniques to draw the reader’s awareness to itself as a work of art, while also revealing the “truth“ of a story. Valdamir Nabokov’s Pale Fire and John Updike’s Rabbit Run have both been recognized to be literary works of metafiction.
The use of irony is integral to the plot of "The Story of and Hour" by Kate Chopin. Situational irony is used to surprise the reader and add an interesting twist to Mrs. Mallard's discovery of her husband's death. Dramatic irony is used to give the reader insight into Mrs. Mallard's situation. The use of irony serves to make the story more interesting and the ending becomes a complete surprise to the reader.