Activation Synthesis Hypothesis

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1) Who is the psychologist most associated with dreams and dream analysis?
The psychologist that is most associated with dreams and dream analysis is Sigmund Freud.
2) What are the most common types of symbols interpreted in dream analysis?
The most common types of symbols interpreted in dream analysis are derived from sex.
3) Describe what occurs in the body during REM sleep.
In REM sleep, one’s heartbeat increases, breathing becomes irregular, and the sleeper is non-responsive. Also, the muscle tone of an individual goes to zero, making them temporarily paralyzed.
4) How dangerous is a diagnosis of REM sleep disorder?
When one has REM sleeping disorder it can be very dangerous to the sufferer as well as the person they are sleeping

Activation Synthesis Hypothesis is a theory revolving around the basis that there is a part of the brainstem that controls REM sleep, this is known as pons. The pons sends signals to a higher part of the brain (thalamus) in a chaotic and random manner. The thalamus then sends these random signals to the correct sensory areas of the cortex. Lastly, the cortex then activates the correct cortical cells and makes up a dream. This hypothesis believes that dreams are more physiological than psychological. It is also thought that dreams have some psychological pattern, but have no

• In REM sleep the amygdala is highly activated
• People with depression fall asleep straight into REM sleep, stay in REM sleep, and overall stay too long in REM sleep.
• REM dreams are not compressed or accelerated and are 5 times longer than NREM dreams.
• REM dreams are played out as if the sleeper is actually experiencing them
• REM dreams try to experience the future; they show challenges and test possibilities in dreams
• REM dreams are shown to help with creativity

9) What do researchers believe are some of the purposes of nightmares, both historically and for modern humans?
Historically, nightmares mimicked an individual’s environment. Their environment was full of fatal dangers that could harm them. Examples of these dangers could be wolves, bears, or any other threats. These dreams served as a practice rehearsal if one was in a struggle to survive. Ancestors have passed their dreams to us in the modern world, and children have dreams similar to those of our ancestors. People have nightmares today because when a similar situation arises like one in a nightmare, individuals will be prepared and have a better chance of surviving.
10) What happens to people who, after a stroke, do not