Accident Investigation Aircraft Investigation Each mishap has their own characteristics and there is no substitute for good old-fashioned common sense and initiative. Each wrecked aircraft has it’s own story to tell if properly investigated. However Air Force guidelines are quick to point out that investigators in their eagerness seek out the causes, often ignore safe investigation practices and common safety precautions. Air Force Investigators are maybe in even more difficult position due to the hazards that are unique to the military war fighting machines, I’ll discuss a few of these hazards briefly before I get into the steps of Air Force accident investigations. Munitions Extreme care must be given to the munitions that may have been on board the aircraft. Just because the ammunition appears to be damaged beyond being dangerous the slightest amount of static electricity from clothing may detonate munitions. Before starting an investigation of any kind, obtain the list of munitions aboard and have the explosive ordinance disposal (EOD) team remove or inert them. Again eagerness must be controlled and situational awareness must be exercised to be on the lookout for those munitions that may not have been recovered. Also, though tedious, the locations of all munitions need to be noted, as they will hold clues as well. The ejection seats can also present extreme dangers to untrained and careless investigator. Toxins Hydrazine. It’s a word that strikes fear in all that are familiar with it. New generation aircraft such as the F-16 use hydrazine for emergency power supplies. It looks like a clear oily substance that smells like ammonia. Some of the effects hydrazine can have on the human body include: liver damage, blindness, skin burns, and prolong exposure may be fatal. Only base bioenvironmental engineers are qualified enough to properly handle it. Materials Also somewhat unique but is gradually finding its way into the commercial side of aviation is the use of high composite materials along with exotic metals used in the effort to not only strengthen, but to lighten the overall weight of the airframe. The composites used with most frequency today are boron, graphite and Kevlar. Each of these materials has their own characteristics and must be handled with care. While in its finished form Kevlar is very stable, boron and graphite must be handled with extreme care to avoid breathing in dust created when the structures become damaged. Boron fibers can pierce through skin and stay imbedded indefinitely and cannot be removed easily causing severe infections.
Next, Ishmael explains how he came to be the way he is and gives the narrator an understanding of what he wants to teach his pupil. Ishmael states he was caught in the wild from Africa and was sentenced to live in captivity. First, he lived in a zoo, then a traveling carnival, and was finally rescued by his late owner, Walter Sokolow. It was between the two of them that Ishmael learned to telepathically communicate. After obtaining many books through his owner, Ishmael took up the issue of captivity, then to a broader topic of humanity. As Ishmael and the narrator meet in a series of meetings, the narrator is taught to understand more about his culture and how Ishmael believes there are two types of people in the world: Leavers and Takers. Leavers are people of tribal cultures who prefer a simpler life style. On the other hand, Takers are people who are dominant, consider themselve...
On January 31, 2000 Alaska Airlines Flight 261 was in route from Puerto Vallarta, Mexico to Seattle, Washington with a stop planned for San Francisco, California. Things went catastrophically wrong, even with the subtle hints of disaster that could be seen lurking in the shadows from takeoff. All 83 passengers and 5 crewmembers aboard the MD-83 (N963AS) ultimately paid the price for simple oversights. This paper will try to shed light into the underlying circumstances that led up to the uncontrollable crash. This will include the flight crew overlooking obvious signs of trouble from liftoff, to the preventative maintenance that was performed, and finally delve into the heart of the investigational findings of Alaska Airlines Flight 261. Climbing into the afternoon sky above Puerto Vallarta, Mexico, on Jan. 31, 2000, 5 flight crew members and 83 passengers settled in for the nearly four hour flight to San Francisco. As the jet passed 7,500 feet, Capt. Ted Thompson turned on the autopilot as he had done many times before being a seasoned commercial airline pilot with 10,400 hours of flight time under his belt, alongside 1st Officer William Tansky whom was no stranger to aviation himself logging more than 8,047 hours to his credit. After 13 minutes of smooth flying, nearing the cruising altitude of 31,000 feet, the auto-pilot disengaged indicating to the flight crew that the stabilizer trim system was apparently not working properly and the aircraft was going to have to be flown manually (by hand) for the rest of the flight. After interviewing several veteran airline pilots, it was in agreement that the crew probably thought it was nothing serious, and had no reason to alert passengers and cause them needless worry. The stabi...
During its early days, jazz was seen as a “forward-looking art, incorporating new techniques, more expansive harmonies and melodies” ( Otherbook).
Ishmael takes over his father’s job at the local newspaper after he dies. Ishmael is also a veteran who lost his arm in the war. Experiencing the trauma of war and having his heart broken by his high school love, Hatsue Imada, has caused Ishmael to remain bitter and disconsolate. Guterson creates parallelism between Ishmael, and Kabuo Miyamoto, also a veteran, is a Japanese man accused of murdering a white man.Guterson compares and contrasts how the war has affected these two men. A similarity between Kabuo and Ishmael is the baggage they carry from the war. Both men lost something in the war that ultimately led to their sorrow. Ishmael lost his arm, his relationship
The recovery of downed airplanes and their flight data recorders is an ongoing challenge for search, rescue and recovery t...
(1) The development of carbon-embedded plastics, otherwise called “composits,” is an important new technology because (2) it holds the key for new aircraft and spacecraft designs. This is so because (3) these composits are not only stronger than steel but lighter than aluminum.
It’s significant that the book begins with the line “Call me Ishmael,” because it tells the readers that Ishmael doesn’t see himself as a person anymore, just a story. He only sees himself as a story because of what happened and isn’t sure who “Ishmael” really is.
The role of social work within a day centre is to work as part of multidisciplinary team by providing a service that is in line with the statutory requirements and departmental priorities. The role of a social worker on a disability team is to carry out risk assessment, comprehensive assessment, care plans, advocacy such as making referrals to agencies on behalf of the service user and promoting their independence by providing them with the support and guidance they may need to lead as normal life as possible.
Reflection: This quote displays how happiness and innocence can still be regained. Ishmael is going through the most terrible frightening time in his life, but he is still able to connect with his happiness and inner child. I believe that is something anyone can obtain, no matter what you've been through, and this quote proves that further. This quote also shows the repeating theme of nature. It is saying even through the madness nature is still beautiful, it still holds its peace. Much like the people of Sierra Leone.
One of the most scrutinized pieces of evidence gathered from an aircraft accident is the collection of information contained in the Cockpit Voice Recorder and Flight Data Recorder. CVRs and FDRs paint an often haunting, but frequently useful picture of what occurred during the last minutes of an accident flight. This is not to say, however, that the recorders are always conclusive, or even useful. There are a handful of cases where the CVR and FDR tapes have broken, failed to record, stopped recording early, or not captured enough information to be useful to the investigation. Advancements in these devices are not new to the industry; however, the pace is slow to incorporate new technology into current fleets.
This chapter introduces the general concepts and information pertaining to composites. The composition and properties of the various components that make up a composite will be investigated as well as the various types of composites that are commonly used. This will then be followed by a review of the testing techniques and apparatus that can be used in testing the mechanical properties of composites.
Jazz is a unique genre of music that stands out from the rest of its musical counterparts with its swing style. Originating in the early 1900’s, Jazz found a way to bring about community and express emotion in a way that was different than before. Although it is relatively new compared to other genres of music, Jazz has begun to make a large impact in people’s lives and in various cultures, specifically within the United States.
Composites do most of the things metals can do in a bike frame. Although, often the way you go about building with composites is different than if using metals. With composite construction a mold has to be built to form the required shape and then the fibers and resin are held in the mold to harden. With metal tubing construction, off the shelf tubes a...
This assignment involves researching and studying about the facts of Crossair flight 3597’s crash at Zurich Airport on 24 November 2001, capturing the valuable lessons learned and expressing my views on the operational, both safety and cost perspective, during the approach phrase. The objective of this report is to find out and learn more about the facts and contributing factors behind the Crossair flight 3597’s crash. As well as to get a hold of how aircraft accidents can occur and know the importance of safety management and other factors, and what I can do to prevent such accidents from happening again. To start off this assignment, I will be talking about the facts of Crossair flight 3597 Crash, followed by three contributing factors involved within a flight operations context, and lastly the conclusion and references.
Since the Wright Flyer first took off from Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, in 1903, aircraft designers have been searching for ever better materials to build aircraft with. Over the years, we have seen construction materials progress from simple wood frames covered with fabric to advanced structures built entirely out of metal. As aircraft designs became more advanced, the need arose for materials which offered both higher strength and lighter weight. Since the beginning of World War II, aircraft construction consisted mainly of structures built from aluminum. Beginning in the 1960’s, NASA and the United States military began experimenting with the use of composite materials in aircraft. This revolutionary material seemed to be the answer the aviation world was looking for. It promised both gains in strength and weight reduction. However, with more and more composites being added to aircraft over the years, problems arose which ultimately may negate the overall benefits of the composites.