I am writing this essay to explain to you what is going on in the circuit that was given to me. I will explain with the best of my knowledge so that you can fully understand what is happening in the circuit. The inductor and the wires are assumed as being ideal. The AC voltage source has an infinitely variable frequency (0≤f≤∞). The values of all the resistors, capacitor, and inductor are constant.
In this AC circuit, you can analyze that each resistor is in series with either an inductor, voltage source, or capacitor. Resistor 2 is in series with the capacitor. Resistor 3 is in series with the inductor. Resistor 1 is in series with the AC voltage source. From this, you can realize that they are now in parallel with each other once they have been in series with each other. The inductor is a coil of wire. Since we assumed the inductor is ideal, the resistance of the wire and capacitance is negligible. The voltage across the inductor has its own magnetic field. The current in the coil sets up the magnetic field. Since the inductor is ideal, it does not dissipate any energy. You have a changing current, di/dt, and it is decreasing because it is sinusoidal. In this AC circuit, there is an induced emf that is opposite of the current.
In this AC circuit, we will have several currents. For example, we will have a current through the capacitor, a current through the resistor, and a current through the inductor. For a sinusoidal voltage, the current in the inductor will always lag the voltage across it by ninety degrees. The current that is leaving the AC voltage source which is equivalent to the current that is through resistor 1. The current of the inductor and capacitor are both leaving the AC voltage source. You can find the...
... middle of paper ...
...quency and the inductor, V˪=IwL. The inductive reactance is found by multiplying the angular frequency by the inductor (X˪=wL). The amplitude of voltage across the inductor in an AC circuit is the current multiplied by the inductive reactance (V˪=IX˪). Once you have found your voltage amplitudes across the circuit, you are able to find the impedance of the circuit. To find the impedance you take the square root of all squares of the resistor plus (the inductive reactance minus capacitance reactance), Z=√R²+(X˪-Xc)². To find the phase angle you take the arctan of the inductive reactance minus the capacitance reactance divided by the resistor, ϕ=arctan(X˪-Xc)/R. The voltage and current is at its maximum is when they are in phase. To find the power, just multiply the current squared by the resistor (P=I²R). No power is loss occurs in an ideal inductor and capacitor.
...nduced in a conductor moving at right angles to and cutting across a magnetic flux. On the other hand, magnet is a useful in our daily life such as it can hold some documents and use to move an object. For example, a bicycle dynamo is a small generator fitted by bicycle to provide electricity for the lights bulb, it using the principle of electromagnetism. There are 2 law of electromagnetic induction such as Faraday’s Law and Lenz’s Law. In the other hand, Lenz’s Law state that induced current always flows in such a direction so as to opposite the change causing it. When north pole is approach the solenoid, the front part of solenoid will creates a north pole to produce a force of repulsion to oppose the change of motion. And the direction of current in the solenoid can determined by Right-hand Grip Rule. Lenz’s Law also is a form of law of conservation of energy.
The risk management plan is for Flayton Electronics following their breach in security of their customer’s information. The document provides an explanation and description of the risk management process undertaken throughout the life cycle of this project. The project manger will be responsible for reviewing and maintaining the Project Risk Management Plan. The manager will ensure that all the risk process factors are appropriate to deal with the risks highlighted in the project.
Determining the Approximate Equivalent Circuit of a Single-Phase Transformer AIM --- To determine the approximate equivalent circuit of a single-phase transformer. OBJECTIVE --------- To write up a lab report that will determine the equivalent circuit of a single-phase transformer, using open load test, short circuit test and the load test. EQUIPMENT --------- · TecQuipment electrical machines teaching unit NE8010 or NE8013
A direct current in a set of windings creates a polar magnetic field. A torque acts on the rotor due to its relation to the external magnetic field. Just as the magnetic field of the rotor becomes fully aligned with the external magnetic field, the direction of the current in the windings on the armature reverses, thereby reversing the polarity of the rotor's electromagnetic field. A torque is once again exerted on the rotor, and it continues spinning.
Humanity is threatened by the overwhelming growth of science and technology. People are expanding their knowledge through observation and experiment, oblivious to the consequences that result from improper motive. Isaac Asimov—author of The Life and Times of Multivac—uses the science of numbers, or mathematics, as a solution to the fear that arises in a world controlled by a human-like machine. What human beings are afraid of is losing the very word that separates them from everything else in the world—human, and they will do whatever they can to keep that title to themselves.
... middle of paper ... ... conductor is moving parallel to the field; hence, no voltage is generated.
Here, all the three quantities can be used as complex numbers. Z defines a quantity called impedance. Impedance acts in a similar way as resistance in a DC circuit. Also, if the frequency of the AC circuit is allowed to go to 0, impedance will go down to 0 as the imaginary part of it will disappear, hence, making it equal to the resistance in a DC circuit.
In some Greek experiments, objects attracted each other after rubbing. Other experiments produced objects that pushed away, or repelled, each other. The evidence showed that electric force made matter either attract or repel other matter.
First off, what is current. Current is expressed in a unit called Amps. Amps are a measurement of how many electrons pass per second. That is to say, a wire with 40 coulombs passing any point in a 2 seconds would be said to have 20 Amps of current (40 Coulombs (a unit of charge given as 6.24x1018 electrons) / time in seconds or in this case, 2 seconds. The Amp is also known as Coulombs per second) Another trick about current is that it is measured in the movement of the positive charge. Literally that is to say the current moves in oppostion to the electrons. This is because originally it was thought that the positive charge is what moved, both are viable, but in reality a positive charge is generally fixed since within an atom the electrons are migratory, while the protons and neutrons tend to be stationary.
V(voltage) I (current) Therefore, I = V R Therefore, if V is constant, in order to increase I, R must decrease.
Alternating current is always changing in direction and amplitude. The current flow in alternating current changes in even intervals. Ac usually changes in power and direction. The vast majority of power supplied for households and big business is alternating current. This is because of the ease of generating alternating current in alternators. The main concept of alternators is moving a conductor through magnetic lines. The change in the magnetic field around the conductor or vice versa makes electrons move. When you have physically moved either the conductor or magnet in a complete 306-degree circle you have produced one sine wave or one complete cycle. The amount of time it takes to complete one cycle is referred to as a period. The frequency of an alternating sine wave is the amount of cycles per second. Frequency is measured in hertz. One hertz is equivalent to one cycle per second. The frequency coming out of your electrical plug at home is 60 Hz. The peak value in a sine wave is the top voltage level away from zero. The peak-to-peak voltage value is referring to difference between the positive peaks value to the negative peak value. The effective or rms value of a sine wave is the actual amount you would use or measure using a multi-meter. In three-phase alternating current there are three different coils or conductors that produce three different sine waves.
Life changed immensely in the 20th century as air conditioning and refrigeration systems became more efficient and controllable. Air Conditioning and Refrigeration play important roles in providing human comfort, food processing, storage, and many other industrial processes. We chose this topic because our life would be difficult without AC and Refrigeration. This paper will talk about the history of air conditioning and refrigeration, the role of engineers in designing and building it, people’s life before and after air conditioning and refrigeration, and finally Applications in the area of achievements and future developments.
In Budapest at that time others around him were also seeking a solution to the DC inefficiency, and the possibility of an AC motor and the rotational effects associated with alternating currents had graced many scientists’ minds. But no one had succeeded in making a functional motor. In fact, it was thought of with the same speculation as building a perpetual motion machine; not even Tesla could hope to achieve such a feat. But, it was then in Budapest, 1882, that the elusive solution flashed through his mind. And while in Strassbourg in 1883, the first prototype of the induction motor was privately build and ran by Tesla successfully. But unable to interest anyone in Europe in promoting this radical device, Tesla accepted an offer to work for Thomas Edison in New York. Unfortunately, when Tesla described to Thomas Edison his vision for induction motors made to run smoothly and powerfully on alternating current, it was not well-accepted. The way Edison saw it, what Tesla was suggesting could potentially make a whole industry, and Edison’s own electric monopoly on power distribution, entirely obsolete. Edison still hired him to help develop DC power systems, and Tesla set about improving Edison's
In thermodynamics Refrigeration is the major application area, in which the heat is transferred from a lower temperature region to a higher temperature region. The devices which produce refrigeration are known as Refrigerators and the cycle on which it operates are called refrigeration cycles. Vapour compression refrigeration cycle is the most regularly used refrigeration cycle in which the refrigerant is alternately vaporized and condensed and in the vapor phase it is compressed. Gas refrigeration cycle is the well-known refrigeration cycle in which cycle refrigerant remains in the gaseous phase throughout the cycle. Cascade refrigeration are the other refrigeration cycles discussed in this chapter; absorption refrigeration is the one more refrigeration cycle which is used where the refrigerant is dissolved in liquid before it is compressed. One more refrigeration in which refrigeration is produced by passing the electric current through two dissimilar materials is called as the thermoelectric refrigeration.
The phenomenon called electromagnetic induction was first noticed and investigated by Michael Faraday, in 1831. Electromagnetic induction is the production of an electromotive force (emf) in a conductor as a result of a changing magnetic field about the conductor and is a very important concept. Faraday discovered that, whenever the magnetic field about an electromagnet was made to grow and collapse by closing and opening the electric circuit of which it was a part, an electric current could be detected in a separate conductor nearby. Faraday also investigated the possibility that a current could be produced by a magnetic field being placed near a coiled wire. Just placing the magnet near the wire could not produce a current. Faraday discovered that a current could be produced in this situation only if the magnet had some velocity. The magnet could be moved in either a positive or negative direction but had to be in motion to produce any current in the wire. The current in the coil is called an induced current, because the current is brought about (or “induced”) by a changing magnetic field (Cutnell and Johnson 705). The induced current is sustained by an emf. Since a source of emf is always needed to produce a current, the coil itself behaves as if it were a source of emf. The emf is known as an induced emf. Thus, a changing magnetic field induces an emf in the coil, and the emf leads to an induced current (705). He also found that moving a conductor near a stationary permanent magnet caused a current to flow in the wire as long as it was moving as in the magnet and coiled wire set-up.