A Sense of Desperation in Atonement

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How does McEwan capture a sense of desperation in Part 2 of Atonement? The title ‘Atonement’ hints at a dark secret, a need for retribution and weighty themes, which McEwan duly delivers. The desperation in the narrative format of Robbie the soldier is paralleled by Briony’s increasing desperation to obtain penance for her crime. It is a desire further complicated by her omnipotent narrative role; McEwan steps in and out of his characters' minds with unfettered confidence and in Part 2 he provides Briony with the same gift so that she might assume the mind of Robbie. This can therefore provide her with only a fabricated atonement, of which she is subconsciously aware will never fully purge her of her sin. Briony says that "it isn't weakness or evasion, but a final act of kindness, a stand against oblivion and despair, to let my lovers live and to unite them at the end." The second half of the story opens as Robbie, is released from jail only to land himself in the British Army retreating toward Dunkirk. Along with Robbie's terror and his desperation to return to the woman he loves Briony, now a nurse, has realised the true nature of her error, and she greatly wishes to reverse her actions and Part 2 follows her crime's repercussions through the chaos and carnage of World War II. The emotional trauma of the war and the wounded is developed in a manner that allows us to feel the anguish and despair of those fighting for their country. We feel the futility of war and the assault on the physical and emotional fronts of Robbie, Cecilia and even Briony. The gory intricacies of war which Robbie is experiencing are emphasised by his constant flashbacks to a golden past; where on that oppressively sweltering n... ... middle of paper ... ...n can be evoked on a second reading. Finally it appears that Robbie’s torment is to be over and the corporal informs Robbie, “We’re going home mate”. Robbie’s excited “Wake me before seven. I promise you won’t hear another word from me” holds a deeper meaning as there will indeed be no noise from Robbie as by the next morning he will be dead. McEwan knows how to manipulate the sympathies of his reader, by teasing us with how close Robbie is to being with Cecilia and then killing him off while we desperately wish to see Briony’s fabricated ending come true. In her letters to Robbie, Cecilia quotes from W. H. Auden's ‘In Memory of W. B. Yeats’, "Poetry makes nothing happen." Through this McEwan reminds us that Briony may write her own forgiveness, but she is never going to receive atonement for her crime from the two people from whom she craves it the most.

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