Paul Routledge is a key example of an anarchist geographer and demonstrates this through his work. The participatory methods he uses play a big park in creating the type of knowledge he produces. Anarchy geography attempts to remove inequalities but doing this through co-operation and participation. As a result, Routledge heavily involves the communities he researches in his research process. However, power relations between the researcher and the group being researched, will affect the type of research that is produced. Routledge advocates that researchers should let their emotions fuel and drive their research in order to create change. Routledge uses anarchist thinking and participatory methods to achieve a good outcome from his research. …show more content…
This means that anarchist geography critiques the structure of society (particularly the state structure) and questions the relevance of it. Anarchist geographers often question whether there needs to be an overarching state at all and argues that it is possible for humans to co-exist without being dictated by rules (Springer, 2012). Anarchist geographies became increasingly popular during the 1960s and 1970s when geography moved to a more humanist approach (Springer, 2013). This is because geographers began to look at inequalities caused by the structure of society. Anarchy geography is very similar to Marxist geography because both believe in inequalities based upon class (Springer, 2013). However, anarchy differs as it disagrees with Marxist views that the disadvantaged class will overthrow the upper class. Anarchy focuses more on a less violent approach and that through co-operation and sharing of wealth, equality can be achieved. Today, a lot of anarchist geography focuses on globalisation and neoliberalisation and the inequalities these cause (Springer, 2012). There is a focus on how in a neoliberalised capitalist society, the state is less involved but instead, capitalism forms a new societal structure that oppresses people. Routledge is a good example of an anarchist scholar. A lot of his research is focused on inequalities of the Global North and South. He has also done a lot of work in South-East Asia and working with communities
This approach, which combines aspects of ethnography and autobiography (Ellis et al., 2011), found legitimacy based in the postmodern critique of how the mediums of scientific research - its lexicon and paradigm – constrained the findings of a study (Krizek, 1998; Kuhn, 2012) or as Richardson (2000) puts it “form and content are inseparable” (p. 923). In that way scientific research’s goal of pure objectivity is challenged as unattainable.
something he was not looking for during his Works Cited Booth, W. C., Colomb, G. G., & Williams, J. M. (1995). The craft of research. Chicago, IL: The. University of Chicago Press,.
In the essay titled “Anarchism,” Emma Goldman provides a defense of anarchism and attempts to persuade skeptics of the philosophy 's efficacy. Specifically, Goldman attempts to convince the reader that, contrary to the skeptics’ arguments, anarchism is functional in practice and not just an abstract idea. Goldman argues that the current capitalist social structure is inherently exploitative and dominating, particularly of the working class, and an anarchistic future is the most practical solution to the ills of society. While Goldman dismisses the critics that argue that anarchism is a nice idea in theory but is not practical, I disagree with Goldman’s assessment. Although anarchism has worthwhile qualities and, in theory, would provide solutions
During this time, in 1910, one of her most distinguished pieces of literature was published. In Anarchism: What It Really Stands For, Goldman begins with a quote about anarchy from John Henry Mackay, a Scottish-German anarchist author and philosopher. This quote ends with a notable bit, in which Mackay declares, “I am an Anarchist! Wherefore I will not rule, and also ruled I will not be.” Goldman continues in, saying that the main issue the masses have with anarchism is born out of ignorance on the topic. Most people who are unfamiliar with this ideology peg it as being focused on violence and chaos. Goldman refutes this untrue claim, saying that the very thing anarchism is looking to combat is ignorance and nothing else. By its definition, anarchism strives to allow people to think for themselves, to break free from societal restraints, and unlearn the lies that have been spoon fed to us. Goldman says that anarchism is special, in that it is the only ideology that encourages humanity to think for themselves, and the only one that insists God, the state, and society are, and should remain, non existent. The only thing worth relying on to bring people together as a collective whole is anarchism, and it cannot and should not be ignored any longer. Further in her piece, she alludes to Pierre-Joseph Proudhon’s piece on property, and
Introduction There have been some challenges in trying to figure out the right approach to follow in a research study, and this semester is more of an eye opener that reveals the expected ways in conducting research, which has been a very interesting and tough process. Dudley (2011). The four major search strategies available for locating references related to the chosen topic issues: (1) consultation, (2) searches in subject indexes, (3) browsing, and (4) footnote chasing. Researchers need to be aware of all of these strategies in information gathering. Question 1: What have you learned about research?
The main ideas presented in “Why Geography Matters…More Than Ever!” revolve around what exactly geography is, and the implications of the subject. Geography is the study of the physical world and human actions, it also covers the affects of human actions. Geography influences a plethora of topics and geographers do research on numerous subjects. “Geographers do research on glaciations and coastlines, on desert dunes and limestone caves, on weather and climate, even on plants and animals”(7). The author stresses how underrated geography is the present times, and how the introduction of social studies have doomed the subject of geography for future generations. In a section detailing the teaching of geography
To begin with, anarchy refers to the world as a whole having no government. Individual states have varying degrees of supreme power or authority in their own land, but no single state may create laws for the whole world. However, while the theories discussed in this essay accept that the world is in a state of anarchy, what separates these two theories is how the government should deal with this problem. This essay tries to give an overview on the main assumptions of liberalism and realism and provide explanations of how they relate to one another as well as coexist, yet are opposite in theory. (IN TEXT)
Noam Chomsky, perhaps the most famous Anarchist thinker of our time argued that the Anarchists revolution was threatening the international power structures that be. That the “masters do not want the ignorant and meddlesome outsiders to run their own affairs, because they'll do it at their own interest.” He contended that a successful Anarchist revolution would lead to a domino effect and the global system of “hierarchy, domination, and centralized control” will be lost. Communists, Liberals, and Fascists alike felt threatened, so they “united” to stop this revolutionary action before the workers of the world would take notice. While Chomsky acknowledges that these fractions were enemies he asserts that: ”…the first task, for the first year, was to make sure that the popular revolution was crushed”.
Domosh, Mona, Roderick Neumann, Patricia Price, and Terry Jordan-Bychkov. The Human Mosaic: A Cultural Approach to Human Geography. 11thth ed. New York: W.H. Freeman and Company, 2010. N. pag. Print.
Anarchists not only advocate to free society of economic monopolies, political and social institutions, but also to abolish the existence of a bourgeoisie class along with the state. Both Marxists and Anarchists support revolutionary ideas against the existing social and political order of things (Rocker 3). These two ideologies, seem to be more radical than other socialist ideologies. Whereas both understand a violent revolution for change might be necessary. Both also agreed on the idea that labor is a means to enrich lives of the laborer and society rather than reinforce it.
Personal and creative expressions are an alternative approach to traditional academic writing. They employ personal experiences to convey anecdotal narratives. Personal narrative in scholarly writing allows for a broader spectrum of emotion, such as empathy, compassion and humanity. This style no longer confines argumentative research to the empirically verifiable. For the reader, creative and personal expression allows for a broader chance of identification with the text. In the 1970s, consciousness-raising was focused on women’s personal experiences (Lecture Slides: January 12). Through personal narratives, consciousness-raising provided an environment in which individuals are able to develop a collective significance
Hirsch, E. 1995. “Introduction, Landscape: between place and space” in Hirsch, E. (ed.) The Anthropology of Landscape: Perspectives on Place and Space. Oxford : New York: Clarendon Press.
Contemporary liberal and anarchist philosophy are two very different ways of trying to see what would be the best way to run a society. While discussing these two ideologies, I will try to show how both, in their purist sense, are not able to work effectively in today's society. Contemporary liberals are involved in every day politics, but through over regulation and dependence on government they lose their chances of running a reliable democracy. Anarchists have very good ideas of how a natural society could function without government or modern institutions, but the biggest problem they have is how to get to that point. Both theories look good on paper, but once they hit the real world they change due to alternating conceptions and individual influences.
the six statements, while “The Anarchic Structure of World Politics” discuss the nature of anarchy, and
De, Blij Harm J., and Peter O. Muller. Geography: Realms, Regions, and Concepts. New York: J. Wiley, 1997. 340. Print.