Environmental Problems in India

Environmental factor

In order to make the country’s economic grows, the environmental factor has become

one of most crucial factor that people need to consider before invest to particular

country or industry. India suffers quite a number of environmental problems. The

statistics shows that the total pollution of India in 2012 is up to 1,240,000,000. The

main issues are land degradation, air and water pollution, natural disasters.

Land Degradation: Due to development of the cities, the forest is being chopped up for

housing, agriculture and river project. For agriculture, the high yielding varieties and the

chemical fertilizers have caused soil salinity and damage to physical structure of soil.

Thus, it causes land degradation and natural resources depletion.

Air pollution: In a survey of the environment of 178 countries, India ranked almost last

in air pollution exposure. People live in the rural areas use inefficient and leaky stoves

with biomass, fuel wood and trash as cooking fuel to support their meals cooking. The

indoor air pollutants such as carbon monoxide that is being produced by it is much

higher than coal and normal fuel. Fuel adulteration becomes a common phenomenon in

India. Traffic congestion and fuel adulteration cause the vehicles to burn fuel inefficiently

and discharge more nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide. The industrial emissions

and annual crop burning are also sources contribute to poor air quality in India.

Water pollution: The untreated sewage is the main factor that causes water pollution in

India. As India is industrialized, discharge of industrial waste in inevitable. Thousands

of small factories make the water contaminated by discharging its waste into lakes an...

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...ion) Act, National

Forestry Action Programme (NFAP).

Besides this, India has a lot of mineral resources which include coal, iron ore,

manganese ore, mica, bauxite, natural gas, limestone, crude oil, diamonds, petroleum

and etc. The total reserves of iron-ore in the country are about 14.630 million tons of

hematite and 10,619 million tons of magnetite. Its coal production ranks third in the

world. There are significant oil and natural gas reserves in Assam and Gujarat states,

and on the continental shelf off Maharashtra and Gujarat. India also has ample reserves

of phosphate rock apatite, gypsum, limestone, and mica. To improve the environment,

Indian government has taken steps in recent years to tighten environmental regulations

and is pursuing a major clean energy investment programme, primarily through its high

profile Solar Mission project.