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Impact of industrialization on the environment
Impact of industrialization on the environment
Impact of industrialization on the environment
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Recommended: Impact of industrialization on the environment
Over the past few centuries industrialism has engulfed the modern world. Despite the many advances brought about by the use of machinery and factories, these innovationsproduce copious amounts of carbon emissions, which haveled to the development of numerous environmental hazards. The effect of industrialism on the environment is something that could only be seen clearly years later. As we search for a solution to this and other pressing ecological problems, we must come from a perspective that takes industrialism, as part of the problem, into account. (Suzuki 1997) (Mclaughlin 1995)The transformation into a way of life which is more ecologically sound will be a struggle which will last for generations. The changes this transformation will require will be on scale with those of the industrial and agricultural revolutions. Arne Naess’ Deep Ecology is a philosophy that can lead us through such a transformation. Since the 1960’s Naess’ theory has become the benchmark for environmental ethics.This essay will examine Arne Naess’ Deep Ecology. A comparison of two ecological philosophies, Shallow and Deep Ecology, will be given. The reasoning and development of the Deep Ecology platform will be discussed. Finally, the eight principles that form the Deep Ecology platform will be outlinedand considered.
The word ecology originates from the science of biology; it refers to the study of interactions among organisms and their environment. (Dictionary) For Naess, ecological science, concerned with facts and logic alone, cannot answer ethical questions about how we should live. For this we need what Naess refers to as “ecological wisdom”.(Naess 1973) Naess states “Through deep experience, deep questioning, and deep commitment emerges deep ecolo...
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...ture Mattered, Peregrine Smith Book, Salt Lake City, p. 143-148
Dictionary
Harding, S. (2013) What is Deep Ecology?, Schumacher College: Learing Resources [Online] Available: http://www.schumachercollege.org.uk/learning- resources [6 Feb 2014]
McLaughlin, A. (1995) “The Heart of Deep Ecology.” In Sessions, G. (ed) Deep Ecology for the 21st Century, Shambhala Press, Boston.
Naess, A.(1973) The shallow and the deep, long range ecology movements: a summary.Inquiry (Oslo), v.16.
Naess, A. (ed) (1985) Deep Ecology, IMT Productions, Santa Monica. Naess, A. (1989) Ecology, Community, and Lifestyle: Outline of an Ecosophy,
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Rothenberg, D. (1983) Is It Painful to Think? : Conversations with Arne Naess. University of Minnesota Press, p 151-176
Suzuki, D. (1997) The Sacred Balance: Rediscovering Our Place in Nature, Bantam Books, Vancouver.
Ecology is defined as a “system theory used to describe and analyze people and other living systems and their
Look at the civilized, beautiful capital cities in every developed country all around the world which is the central of high fashioned and convenience facility. To live in the city, it seems like the nature surrounding is not important to us anymore. In “The Sacred Balance: Rediscovering Our Place in Nature” David Suzuki presents the connection between human and the nature and how we depend on the surrounding environment. However, within the past century, most of our modern technologies have been developed in order to provide people needs of goods and products (63). Many of the products we made are causing much more harm to the environment than the value that products provide. Technological development has damaged our environment to the point
Burton, Robert, ed. Nature's Last Strongholds. New York: Oxford UP, 1991. Print.
Crosby, A. (1986). Ecological imperialism the biological expansion of Europe. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
Ecology, according to the oxford dictionary, is “the branch of biology that deals with the relations of organisms to one another and their phy...
Mills, Scott L., Daniel F. Doak, and Michael E. Soule. "The Keystone-species Concept in Ecology and Conservation." BioScience 43.4 (1993): 219-25. Apr. 1993. Web. 30 Oct. 2011.
[9] Deep sea and extreme shallow water habitats: affinities and adaptions by Franz Uiblein, Jorg Ott and Michael Stacowitsh 1996
Withgott, J., & Brennan, S. (2011). Environment: the science behind the stories (4th ed.). San Francisco, CA: Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Mary Oliver's (Clinebell, 1996, p.188) poem has a lot to say about the relatively new approach to conservation called ecopsychology. Ecopsychology combines the human element from psychology, with the study of how biological systems work together from ecology. A more in depth explanation of ecopsychology is that it seeks to help humans experience themselves as an integral part of nature (Strubbe 1997). When this is accomplished, humans can proceed to commit to "helping heal the earth, as well as healing ourselves" (Strubbe 1997, p. 293). In the past, environmental action has consisted of scaring and shaming those who over consume or do not recycle, which proved to be quite ineffective. Ecopsychology, in contrast, attempts to create positive and affirming motivations, derived from a bond of love and loyalty to nature (Bayland, 1995). Before tackling the principles, religious aspects, therapy, actions and education included in ecopsychology, it is essential to unde...
Ecological theory is environmentally based; it is based on everyone and everything that is in a child’s life. This includes parents, teachers, babysitters, neighbors and even other
Political ecology began in the 1960s as a response to the neglect of the environment and political externalities from which it is spawned. Political ecology is the analysis of social forms and humans organizations that interact with the environment, the phenomena in and affecting the developing world. Political ecology also works to provide critiques and alternatives for negative reactions in the environment. This line of work draws from all sorts of fields, such as geography, forestry, environmental sociology, and environmental history in a complex relationship between politics, nature, and economics. It is a multi-sided field where power strategies are conceived to remove the unsustainable modern rationality and instead mobilize social actions in the globalized world for a sustainable future. The field is focused in political ethics to refresh sustainability, and the core questions of the relationships between society and ecology, and the large impacts of globalization of humanized nature.
* Daily, Gretchen C., ed. Nature’s Services: Societal Dependence on Natural Ecosystems. Washington, D.C.: Island Press, 1997.
Ecologists formulate their scientific theories influenced by ethical values, and in turn, environmental ethicists value nature based on scientific theories. Darwinian evolutionary theory provides clear examples of these complex links, illustrating how these reciprocal relationships do not constitute a closed system, but are undetermined and open to the influences of two broader worlds: the sociocultural and the natural environment. On the one hand, the Darwinian conception of a common evolutionary origin and ecological connectedness has promoted a respect for all forms of life. On the other hand, the metaphors of struggle for existence and natural selection appear as problematic because they foist onto nature the Hobbesian model of a liberal state, a Malthusian model of the economy, and the productive practice of artificial selection, all of which reaffirm modern individualism and the profit motive that are at the roots of our current environmental crisis. These metaphors were included in the original definitions of ecology and environmental ethics by Haeckel and Leopold respectively, and are still pervasive among both ecologists and ethicists. To suppose that these Darwinian notions, derived from a modern-liberal worldview, are a fact of nature constitutes a misleading interpretation. Such supposition represents a serious impediment to our aim of transforming our relationship with the natural world in order to overcome the environmental crisis. To achieve a radical transformation in environmental ethics, we need a new vision of nature.
Environmental philosophy tries to make sense of the unexamined values, assumptions and ideologies behind humanities treatment of the environment and, in doing so, aims at helping to elicit an effective human response to related issues (Curry, 2011). Environmental philosophy, has gone beyond being merely an academic pursuit, now requiring the world’s population take moral responsibility for the damages caused by their industrial advances on natural systems.